Use of waste foundry sand as fine aggregates for structural concrete – A review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manjunatha M. ◽  
Rakshith S.G.K.
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Flexural Behavior ◽  
Rc Beams ◽  
Structural Concrete ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand

Purpose Waste foundry sand (WFS) is a by-product of the metal casting industries and is used for land filling purposes. Disposing of waste creates problems to environment and increases disposal values. To reduce environmental pollutions and solving disposal problems, several authors in worldwide are carried out research work by partial and complete replacing of natural sand with WFS in concrete mixtures. It is found that WFS can be used for production of structural grade concrete. The mechanical characteristics and flexural properties of RC beams has been reviewed in this paper. From this literature review, it has been noticed that there are improvements in concrete strength properties with WFS. Design/methodology/approach The results of various properties of concrete have been discussed in this review articles such as compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, SEM micro-structures and flexural strength properties of RC beams. Findings From the literature review, it is found that there is gap of research on flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beam with WFS. Originality/value By using WFS effectively, the environmental pollutions and dumping of waste can be reduced. WFS can be successfully used in structural concrete members.

scholarly journals Strength of M25 and M60 Grade Concrete with Used Foundry Sand

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 4741-4745
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand

Abstract: Used or Waste Foundry Sand can be utilized as an alternative for fine aggregate in conventional concrete. WFS or UFS can be used in large volume by partially replacing sand in construction industries. Here the strength properties of M25 and M60 grade concrete replaced by WFS by 0,10,20,30,40 and 50 percent w/w of fine aggregate is evaluated by measuring compression, split tensile and flexural strength at 7 days and 14 days.

Flexural performance of reinforced concrete beam made with waste foundry sand as fine aggregate

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manjunatha Mahadevappa ◽  
Rakshith Shri Guru Krupa ◽  
Shaik Kabeer Ahmed ◽  
Rakshith Kumar Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Crack Width ◽  
Crack Pattern ◽  
Rc Beam ◽  
Rc Beams ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Flexural Performance ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
Code Provisions

PurposeThe structural behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) beams made with waste foundry sand (WFS) was examined in this study by using investigational data. Five RC beams were tested in this present work, four beams with varying WFS content and one beam with natural aggregates. The factors considered for studying the flexural performance of RC beams were WFS content (10%, 20%, 30% and 40%), 15% Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) is used as supplementary cementitious (SCM) content for all beams and tension reinforcement ratio (0.95%). The crack pattern of the RC beams with WFS (RCB1, RCB2, RCB3 and RCB4) was similar to that of referral beam–RCB0. The RC beams made with WFS (RCB1, RCB2, RCB3 and RCB4) show lesser number of cracks than referral beam–RCB0. It is observed that RCB1 beam shows higher ultimate moment carrying capacity than other RC beams. A detailed assessment of the investigational results and calculations based on IS: 456-2000 code for flexural strength exhibited that the present provisions conservatively predicts the flexural strength and crack width of RC beams with WFS and 15% GGBS. It is suggested that 10% WFS can be used to make RC beam.Design/methodology/approachIn this present work, four RC beams made WFS and one RC beam made with natural aggregates. 15% GGBS is used as SCM for all RC beams. After casting of RC beams, the specimens were cured with wetted gunny bags for 28 days. After curing, RC beams like RCB0, RCB1, RCB2, RCB3 and RCB4 were tested under a four-point loading simply supported condition. An assessment of investigational results and calculations as per IS: 456-2000 code provisions has been made for flexural strength and crack width of RC beams with WFS and 15% GGBS. The crack pattern is also studied.FindingsFrom this experimental results, it is found that 10% WFS can be used for making RC beam. The RCB1 with 10% WFS shows better flexural performance than other RC beams. RC beams made with WFS show lesser number of cracks than referral beam–RCB0. IS: 456-2000 code provisions can be safely used to predict the moment capacity and crack width of RC beams with WFS and 15% GGBS.Originality/valueBy utilization of WFS, the dumping of waste and environmental pollution can be reduced. By experimental investigation, it is suggested that 10% WFS can be used to make RC structural members for low cost housing projects.

scholarly journals An experimental study on flexural strengthening of RC beams using CFRP sheets

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 2075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmin Murad
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Flexural Behavior ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Rc Beams ◽  
Rc Structures ◽  
Flexural Strengthening ◽  
Cfrp Sheets ◽  
Reinforced Polymer

 The use of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets is becoming a widely accepted solution for strengthening and repairing rein-forced concrete (RC) structures. To date, the behavior of RC beams, strengthened with 60˚ and 45˚ inclined CFRP sheets, has not clearly explained. An experimental program is proposed in this paper to investigate the flexural behavior of RC beams strengthened with CFRP sheets. CFRP sheets were epoxy bonded to the tension face to enhance the flexural strength of beams inducing different orientation angles of 0˚, 45˚, 60˚ and 90˚ with the beam longitudinal axis. The study shows that strengthening RC beams with CFRP sheets is highly influenced by the orientation angle of the sheets. The orientation angle plays a key role in changing the crack pattern and hence the failure mode. The influence of CFRP sheets was adequate on increasing the flexural strength of RC beams but the ductility of the beams was reduced. The best performance was obtained when strengthening RC beam obliquely using 45˚ inclined CFRP sheets where the specimen experienced additional deflection and strength of 56% and 12% respectively and the reduction in its ductility was the least. It is recom-mended to strengthen RC beams, which are weak in flexure, using 45˚ inclined CFRP sheets.  

Experimental investigation of mechanical properties and physical characteristics of concrete under standard fire exposure

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 878-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Paul Thanaraj ◽  
Anand N. ◽  
Prince Arulraj
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Residual Strength ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Empirical Relation ◽  
Flexural Behavior ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Strength Grade ◽  
Standard Fire

Purpose This paper aims to explain the influence of Standard Fire as per ISO 834 on the strength and microstructure properties of concrete specimens with different strength grade. Design/methodology/approach The strength grades of concrete considered for the experimental investigation were Fck20, Fck30, Fck40 and Fck50. The specimens were heated up to 1, 2, 3 and 4 h as per standard fire curve. Effect of elevated temperature on compressive and flexural behavior of specimens with various strength grades was examined. Effects of age of concrete, weight loss, surface characteristics and thermal crack pattern were also investigated. Findings Experimental investigation shows that strength grade, duration of exposure and age of concrete are the key parameters affecting the residual strength of concrete. For the beams exposed to 3 and 4 h of heating, the residual flexural strength was found to be so insignificant that the specimens were not able to even sustain their own weight. The loss in compressive and flexural strength of Fck50 concrete specimens heated up to 1 h were found to be 26.41 and 86.03 per cent of the original unheated concrete, respectively. The weight loss was found to be more for higher grade concrete specimens, and it was about 8.38 per cent for Fck50 concrete. Regression analysis was carried out to establish the empirical relation between residual strength and grade of concrete. Scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis were carried out to examine the damage level of fire-affected concrete specimens. Originality/value Empirical relationship was developed to determine the residual strength of concrete exposed to elevate temperature, and this will be useful for design applications. This database may be useful for identifying member strength of reinforced beams subjected to various durations of heating so that suitable repair technique can be adopted from the available database. It will be useful to identify the proper grade of concrete with regard to fire endurance, in the case of concrete under compression or flexure.

Study on Strength Properties of Concrete by Using Bottom Ash and Foundry Sand as a Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 346-352
Author(s):  
Easwaran P ◽  
Kalaivani M ◽  
Ramesh S ◽  
Ranjith R
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand

The management of solid industrial waste is of big global concern nowadays. The majority of industries are not interested in the treatment and safe disposal of industrial waste due to its high cost involvements, causing environmental and other ecological impacts. The disposal of waste foundry sand is of prime importance due to the big volume produced from the metal casting industries all over the world as well as the waste bottom ash produced from the thermal power plant. The possibility of substituting natural fine aggregate with industrial by-products such as bottom ash and foundry sand offers technical, economic and environmental advantages which are of greater importance in the present context of sustainability in construction sector. Concrete is the most important engineering material and the addition of some other material may change the properties of concrete. Studies have been carried out to investigate the possibility of utilizing the board range of material as partial replacement material for cement and aggregate in the production of concrete. Natural fine aggregate are becoming scarcity because of its huge utility in various constitution process the possibility of substituting natural fine aggregate with industrial by product such as waste foundry sand and bottom ash in concrete. This study investigate the effect of waste of bottom ash and foundry sand is equal quantities as partial replacement of fine aggregate in 0%, 20%, 30%, 40% on concrete properties such as compression strength and split tensile strength. This study also aims to encourage industries to start commercial production of concrete products using waste bottom ash and foundry sand.

Shear strength properties and stress–strain behavior of waste foundry sand

2020 ◽  
Vol 249 ◽  
pp. 118761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Yaghoubi ◽  
Arul Arulrajah ◽  
Mohammadjavad Yaghoubi ◽  
Suksun Horpibulsuk
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Strain Behavior ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand

Experimental and analytical investigation of using externally bonded, hybrid, fiber-reinforced polymers to repair and strengthen heated, damaged RC beams in flexure

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousef Al Rjoub ◽  
Ala Obaidat ◽  
Ahmed Ashteyat ◽  
Khalid Alshboul
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Flexural Behavior ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Rc Beams ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Hybrid Fiber ◽  
Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Damaged Beams

PurposeThis study aims to conduct an experimental study and finite element model (FEM) to investigate the flexural behavior of heat-damaged beams strengthened/repaired by hybrid fiber-reinforced polymers (HFRP).Design/methodology/approachTwo groups of beams of (150 × 250 × 1,200) mm were cast, strengthened and repaired using different configurations of HFRP and tested under four-point loadings. The first group was kept at room temperature, while the second group was exposed to a temperature of 400°C.FindingsIt was found that using multiple layers of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) and glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) enhanced the strength more than a single layer. Also, the order of two layers of FRP showed no effect on flexural behavior of beams. Using a three-layer scheme (attaching the GFRP first and followed by two layers of CFRP) exhibited increase in ultimate load more than the scheme attached by CFRP first. Furthermore, the scheme HGC (heated beam repaired with glass and carbon, in sequence) allowed to achieve residual flexural capacity of specimen exposed to 400°C. Typical flexural failure was observed in control and heat-damaged beams, whereas the strengthened/repaired beams failed by cover separation and FRP debonding, however, specimen repaired with two layers of GFRP failed by FRP rupture. The FEM results showed good agreement with experimental results.Originality/valueFew researchers have studied the effects of HFRP on strengthening and repair of heated, damaged reinforced concrete (RC) beams. This paper investigates, both experimentally and analytically, the performance of externally strengthened and repaired RC beams, in flexure, with different FRP configurations of CFRP and GFRP.

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