In-kind donations, cash transfers and local procurement in the logistics of caring for internally displaced persons

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech D. Piotrowicz
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Cash Transfers ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
Content Type

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate humanitarian supply chains in the context of the Ukrainian crisis as example of complex emergency. The paper focuses on a selection of support modes: in-kind donations, cash-based assistance and local procurement.Design/methodology/approachThis paper adopts a case-study approach and interpretive paradigm. Findings are based on the analysis of primary sources including interviews with three Polish humanitarian organizations, internal documents, and secondary sources such as published reports.FindingsFindings indicate that in a middle-income urbanized country such as Ukraine non-standard modes such as cash transfer programs and local procurement can be employed, since the necessary infrastructure and market are operational. However, each mode has limitations, so they should match the local context and the needs of diverse social groups.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings and recommendations are specific to the case analyzed, Ukraine, and its socio-economic context. The research contributes to discussions about mode selection, stressing the links between mode, stage of the disaster response and local context.Practical implicationsApplying cash transfers and local procurement can reduce supply chain costs, such as transport and warehousing. Shortened supply chains enable faster responses and increased agility.Social implicationsCash transfers and procurement involve the local community and beneficiaries, and can better fulfill needs maintaining people’s dignity. However, for vulnerable groups and those in conflict zones, in-kind goods are a better option.Originality/valueThe author argues that the much-discussed dichotomy of cash or goods does not reflect reality; local and regional procurement should be added as important support modes in middle-income countries in crisis.

Best practice relief supply for emergency services in a developed economy

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark M.J. Wilson ◽  
Peter Tatham ◽  
John Payne ◽  
Cécile L’Hermitte ◽  
Michael Shapland
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Response ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Emergency Relief ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Emergency Logistics ◽  
Community Outcomes

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the challenges inherent in planning and responding to disaster events in a multi-agency context where numerous governmental and non-governmental actors and agencies are involved in the planning and response phases. In particular, the authors examine a situation where a lead agency has recently been delegated the responsibility for emergency relief logistics and how it might determine and implement best practice. Design/methodology/approach Adopting an iterative inductive approach, the authors gather data and insights from academic literature, emergency management policies, frameworks and documents and exploratory in-depth interviews with 12 key informants who have considerable experience with the challenges of logistic preparation and response to disasters in a developed country context. The data and context are limited to developed counties, especially the state of Queensland, Australia. Findings The authors discuss the challenge of achieving coordinated supply chain management where mandated/lead response agencies are required to meet stakeholder and local community expectations and outcomes. From these findings, the authors offer 11 practical recommendations to assist the delivery of best practice in emergency logistics. Originality/value Humanitarian logistics is usually examined from a low/middle-income country perspective, yet an efficient and effective disaster response is no less important for developed economies. In this respect, the authors offer a fresh examination of the challenges of delivering best practice for emergency logistics in order to achieve expected community outcomes.

Industrial heritage: towards a sustainable adaptive reuse of wheat milling heritage buildings in Jordan

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monther Jamhawi ◽  
Shatha Mubaideen ◽  
Basem Mahamid
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Adaptive Reuse ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Industrial Heritage ◽  
Heritage Buildings ◽  
History Of

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a framework for the adaptive re-use of wheat milling buildings setting in modern urban contexts in Jordan. This paper also aims to highlight the industrial heritage with a focus on wheat milling buildings, which date back to the beginning of the 20th century, as they document and represent significant aspects of the socio-cultural history of Jordan.Design/methodology/approachThe approach to this statement will be through a theoretical investigation into the notion of industrial heritage, a historical overview of wheat milling in Jordan, as well as a case study analysis to support the theoretical framework following a value-based approach for the case of Baboor Al-Qisar. Baboor Al-Qisar is a wheat milling structure that the Department of Antiquities (DoA) is willing to adaptively reuse as an industrial museum that tells the local narrative of wheat milling and points out the non-physical values associated with the building’s original use.FindingsThe paper introduces a framework for wheat milling buildings incorporation within the modern urban context as industrial heritage museums or socio-cultural facilities. The findings offer a reflection on approaching similar case studies as a tool for their conservation, management and promotion to create new tourist destinations as a form of sustainable urban regeneration.Originality/valueThis research bridges the gap between practice and theory in terms of adaptive reuse strategies within the Jordanian local context. No similar studies have been done on wheat milling structures from the 20th century in the country with local community engagement as an integral part that is carried out within the functionality and future use of the site.

Cash transfers and the social determinants of health: Towards an initial realist program theory

Evaluation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebenezer Owusu-Addo ◽  
Andre M. N. Renzaho ◽  
Ben J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
News Media ◽  
Media Framing ◽  
Cash Transfers ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Program Theory ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The Social

Cash transfers are a widely adopted social policy initiative for addressing poverty and vulnerability. Cash transfers’ exponential growth in low- and middle-income countries provides a unique opportunity to advance our understanding of how they work to impact the social determinants of health. This article reports on a realist qualitative approach to developing an initial program theory about the role of cash transfers in tackling the social determinants of health. A set of 12 initial hypotheses regarding how cash transfers might work to address the social determinants of health were developed from the data. Cash transfer key mechanisms of change found in the study included political will and leadership and news media framing at the macro level, collaboration and intersectoral working at the meso level, and household motivation, empowerment, choice making, awareness raising and risk-taking behaviour at the micro level. This study has developed initial hypotheses that can be tested and refined in future studies using a realist approach.

The Impact of Cash Transfers: A Review of the Evidence from Low- and Middle-income Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (03) ◽  
pp. 569-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANCESCA BASTAGLI ◽  
JESSICA HAGEN-ZANKER ◽  
LUKE HARMAN ◽  
VALENTINA BARCA ◽  
GEORGINA STURGE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Base ◽  
Cash Transfers ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Unintended Effects ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low And Middle Income

AbstractThis article presents the findings of a review of the impact of non-contributory cash transfers on individuals and households in low- and middle-income countries, covering the literature of 15 years, from 2000 to 2015. Based on evidence extracted from 165 studies, retrieved through a systematic search and screening process, this article discusses the impact of cash transfers on 35 indicators covering six outcome areas: monetary poverty; education; health and nutrition; savings, investment and production; work; and empowerment. For most of the studies, cash transfers contributed to progress in the selected indicators in the direction intended by policymakers. Despite variations in the size and strength of the underlying evidence base by outcome and indicator, this finding is consistent across all outcome areas. The article also investigates unintended effects of cash transfer receipt, such as potential reductions in adult work effort and increased fertility, finding limited evidence for such unintended effects. Finally, the article highlights gaps in the evidence base and areas which would benefit from additional future research.

scholarly journals Hidden in plain sight: the bystander effect and the mobilisation of modern slavery whistleblowing

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Bystander Effect ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Modern Slavery ◽  
Garment Factories

Purpose The purpose of this study is to provide new insight into the modern slavery threat and to enhance its detection in supply chains by understanding and addressing barriers to whistleblowing. A broad definition of a whistle-blower is adopted, which includes any witness internal or external to an organisation. Design/methodology/approach This is a viewpoint paper that includes using news reports and other secondary data sources on a recent modern slavery scandal in garment factories in Leicester, UK and the lens of the bystander effect from the social psychology literature. The core focus is on whistleblowing by members of the local community in which an operation or supply chain is embedded. Findings The phenomenon of modern slavery being an “open secret” within the local community is highlighted. But rather than the case being characterised by widespread whistleblowing, the problem only came into full focus when poor working conditions and forced labour during COVID-19 lockdown restrictions contributed to the spread of the virus. It is argued that overcoming this “bystander effect” can lead to the greater mobilisation of modern slavery whistleblowing. Research limitations/implications Two sets of propositions and a conceptual model are provided and seven future research suggestions are outlined, including extending the present study to whistleblowing by victims and other internal members of an organisation or supply chain. Practical implications If it can be mobilised, then whistleblowing has the potential to be an important part of detecting modern slavery, either temporarily replacing audits where they are not possible due to social distancing restrictions or directing the use of limited auditing resources to high-risk factories. In this way, combinations of practices can be effectively used to tackle the threat. Social implications This contributes to addressing an important societal problem and one of the grandest challenges facing modern-day supply chains. This, it has been argued, is an even bigger problem now than ever before given the economic and market conditions created by the COVID-19 global pandemic. Originality/value This is the first paper to focus on operationalising the practice of whistleblowing as a source of greater supply chain intelligence to aid modern slavery detection. Causes of the bystander effect include the perceived low-emergency threat of modern slavery, the high-ambiguity environment, a low bystander responsibility and low assistance/intervention incentive. Countermeasures include elevating the emergency status of modern slavery, creating a shared sense of responsibility for tackling the problem, having clear reporting channels and taking swift and consistent action when instances of modern slavery are detected.

scholarly journals Cultural adaptation of two school-based smoking prevention programs in Bogotá, Colombia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Sánchez-Franco ◽  
Luis Fernando Arias ◽  
Joaquin Jaramillo ◽  
Jennifer M Murray ◽  
Ruth F Hunter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Program Implementation ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Smoking Prevention ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
School Based ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Smoking prevention among adolescents is a public health challenge that is even more significant in low- and middle-income countries where local evidence is limited and smoking rates remain high. Evidence-based interventions could be transferred to low- and middle-income country settings but only after appropriate cultural adaptation. This paper aims to describe the process of the cultural adaptation of two school-based smoking prevention interventions, A Stop Smoking in Schools Trial and Dead Cool, to be implemented in Bogotá, Colombia. A recognized heuristic framework guided the cultural adaptation through five stages. We conducted a concurrent nested mixed-methods study consisting of a qualitative descriptive case study and a quantitative pre- and post quasi-experiment without a control. Contextual, content, training, and implementation modifications were made to the programs to address cultural factors, to maintain the fidelity of implementation, and to increase the pupils’ engagement with the programs. Modifications incorporated the suggestions of stakeholders, the original developers, and local community members, whilst considering the feasibility of delivering the programs. Involving stakeholders, original program developers, and community members in the cultural adaptation of evidence-based interventions is essential to properly adapt them to the local context, and to maintain the fidelity of program implementation.

Humanitarian supply chains and performance measurement schemes in practice

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 784-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Santarelli ◽  
Hella Abidi ◽  
Matthias Klumpp ◽  
Alberto Regattieri
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Performance Measurement System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Humanitarian Supply Chains

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a system for the performance evaluation of humanitarian supply chains. The system will help humanitarian organizations (HOs) to make better decisions, improve their performance, and provide accountability, as well as helping them measure their operational performance during disaster response and reconstruction projects. Design/methodology/approach – A holistic and implementable performance measurement system was developed to measure the operational performance of HOs during disaster response and reconstruction projects. The system is divided into five categories with several key performance indicators (KPIs) being identified for each; identifiers are qualitative and quantitative, as well as financial and non-financial. Findings – Empirical testing of the system demonstrated the low use of existing performance indicators in humanitarian supply chains and the possible added value for HOs to improve their operational efficiency. Social implications – The performance measurement system could help HOs improve their operations and resource allocation. Originality/value – The paper is one of the first research contributions in which a sample of developed KPIs is empirically tested in various HOs. Prior to this paper, a limited number of articles examined the performance of HOs, and no defined system of KPIs existed. By analyzing real results in the field of the humanitarian projects and applying the proposed performance measurement system, it will be possible to define a set of best approaches to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of humanitarian supply chains.

scholarly journals “Honour”-based violence in a British South Asian community

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxanne Khan ◽  
Shamam Saleem ◽  
Michelle Lowe
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Forced Marriage ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Health Service Provision ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Uk

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore attitudes towards, and victimisation experiences of, “honour”-based violence (HBV) in a reportedly vulnerable population in the UK. Design/methodology/approach A convenience sample of 216 participants were recruited from a local community in England; the majority were young (mean age=21.93), Indian or Pakistani (85 per cent), Muslim (96 per cent), females (67 per cent). Findings Although gender differences were found for attitudes towards one aspect of HBV (namely, forced marriage), these were not significant. While HBV victimisation affected only a small proportion of this sample, when it was reported, the effects were serious and included anxiety, attempted suicides and running away from home. This highlights the need to identify and safeguard vulnerable groups without stigmatising whole communities. Originality/value These findings contribute to the scarce literature available on HBV in British communities, and highlight a need for culturally aware emergency and health service provision.

scholarly journals HIV supply chains in low- and middle-income countries: overview and research opportunities

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofie Stulens ◽  
Kim De Boeck ◽  
Nico Vandaele
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Opportunities ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

PurposeDespite HIV being reported as one of the major global health issues, availability and accessibility of HIV services and supplies remain limited, especially in low- and middle-income countries. The effective and efficient operation of HIV supply chains is critical to tackle this problem. The purpose of this paper is to give an introduction to HIV supply chains in low- and middle-income countries and identify research opportunities for the operations research/operations management (OR/OM) community.Design/methodology/approachFirst, the authors review a combination of the scientific and grey literature, including both qualitative and quantitative papers, to give an overview of HIV supply chain operations in low- and middle-income countries and the challenges that are faced by organizing such supply chains. The authors then classify and discuss the relevant OR/OM literature based on seven classification criteria: decision level, methodology, type of HIV service modeled, challenges, performance measures, real-life applicability and countries covered. Because research on HIV supply chains in low- and middle-income countries is limited in the OR/OM field, this part also includes papers focusing on HIV supply chain modeling in high-income countries.FindingsThe authors conclude this study by identifying several tendencies and gaps and by proposing future research directions for OR/OM research.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first literature review addressing this specific topic from an OR/OM perspective.

A Black Swan in the district? An IMP perspective on immigrant entrepreneurship and changes in industrial districts

IMP Journal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matilde Milanesi ◽  
Simone Guercini ◽  
Alexandra Waluszewski
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Black Swan ◽  
Network Approach ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurship ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Industrial Marketing ◽  
Local Setting ◽  
Industrial Network

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss the changes of the Italian textile district of Prato, considered an exemplary case of the industrial district (ID) model, using a business network perspective. The “Black Swan” metaphor is used to address the changes in the Prato textile district in order to understand whether such changes have been an unexpected and unpredictable phenomenon, or they can be explain with a different theoretical tool-box, namely, that developed by the industrial network approach. Design/methodology/approach – The paper utilizes already published studies on the changes of the textile/fashion companies located to the Prato area. Both studies that have been carried out within an ID approach and those carried out with an Industrial Marketing and Purchasing (IMP) point of departure are considered in the research. Both types of studies were utilized to identify empirical observed changes of the producer, respectively user setting that the Prato located companies was related to, including identification of changes affecting both the local setting and the larger network it was related to. Findings – The utilization of the IMP model proposes a learning ground that exceed the local context and open ups of investigations of opportunities and threats stemming from interactions across spatial borders. Analysed from an interactive point of view, in the specific context of Prato, the exploitation of the opportunities given by establishing relationship between natives and migrants actors goes through the creation of interactions among actors representing specific resource combinations and activity structures – within and outside the local community. Originality/value – The paper concerns how the same research object – the changes of the Prato district – appears from another perspective different from the ID theory, namely, the industrial network approach developed by scholars of the IMP Group.

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