Determining the nexus between financial inclusion and economic development in Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Subtain Raza ◽  
Jun Tang ◽  
Sana Rubab ◽  
Xin Wen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bank Branches ◽  
Bank Accounts ◽  
The Government

PurposeThis paper aims to evaluate the relationship between financial inclusion and economic development in Pakistan based on available sources of detailed data and assess its outcome of financial inclusion on basic standards of life, then accord relevant recommendations to prompt economic growth and development.Design/methodology/approachThe research design selected for data analysis was meta-analysis, besides, data analysis over the period 2010-2015 was performed by using a descriptive statistical approach, regression and correlation analysis, i.e. the Pearson correlation matrix.FindingsThe authors find a positive relationship between financial inclusion and economic development, resultantly; increase in financial inclusion may lead to an increase in economic development. In detail, the number of the number of bank accounts (per 1,000 adult population) and the number of bank branches (per 100,000 people) have a positive relationship with human development index (HDI). Where else the amount of automated teller machines per 1,000 km2(per cent) reveals a negative relationship.Practical implicationsThe study has shown that expand financial access such as strengthen the establishment of bank accounts and bank branches can increase economic development in Pakistan. That is the government should focus on the financial inclusion policies as a means of ameliorating poverty, through a participation of all economic agents in the financial system. There is an utmost need for the Government of Pakistan to prioritize the importance of financial inclusion.Originality/valueThe novelty of the study is taken HDI and three representative indicators as a measurement of economic growth and financial inclusion, respectively, meanwhile, meta-analysis, multivariate regression model sum up that poverty alleviation is connected with the development of a more inclusive financial services sectors.

Does transportation infrastructure impact economic growth in India?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreenu Nenavath
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Government ◽  
Determinants Of Economic Growth

Purpose This paper aims to show a long run and causal association between economic growth and transport infrastructure. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the authors use ARDL models through the period 1990 – 2020 to investigate the relationship between transport infrastructure and economic growth in India. Findings The infrastructure has a positive impact on economic growth in India for the long run. Moreover, Granger causality test demonstrates a unidirectional relationship between transport infrastructure to economic development. Stimulatingly, the paper highlights the effect of air infrastructure statistically insignificant on economic growth in the long and short-run period. Originality/value The original outcome from the study delivers an inclusive depiction of determinants of economic growth from transport infrastructure in India, and these findings will help the policymakers to frame policies to improve the transport infrastructure. Hence, it is proposed that the government of Indian should focus more to upsurge the transport infrastructure for higher economic development.

Impact of financial inclusion on economic development of marginalized communities through the mediation of social and economic empowerment

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarsem Lal
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Marginalized Communities ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to check the impact of financial inclusion on economic development of marginalized communities through the mediation of socio-economic empowerment.Design/methodology/approachIn order to fulfil the objectives of the study, primary data were collected from 382 bank customers belonging to marginalized communities breathing in Jammu district of J and K by using purposive sampling technique. The data were collected during the month of April–August 2020. Multivariate statistical techniques such as EFA, CFA and SEM were used for data analysis and scale purification.FindingsThe study’s results reveal that financial inclusion has a direct and significant impact on economic development of marginalized communities through the mediation of social and economic empowerment. The study highlights that despite various initiatives taken by the government towards financial inclusion, there is a denial from the financial institutions to extend the credit to the marginalized communities due to lack of education, illiteracy, lack of awareness, attitude of bankers and policy directions to the banking sector, which confine these communities to feel proud, dignified, confident and self-reliant to face any financial crisis.Research limitations/implicationsFirst the in-depth analysis of the study is restricted to Jammu district only that restricts the generalization of the results to the whole population of J and K. Second, the data were collected from respondents belonging to marginalized communities only. Third, comparative study of marginalized households who are covered under the financial inclusion drive and those who are still financially excluded has not been done yet. Fourth, the questionnaire approach was the only way to gather primary data and thus, the results might have a common-method bias.Originality/valueThe study makes contribution in the direction of financial inclusion narrative relating to socio-economic empowerment and economic development of marginalized communities. It looks into how for the socio-economic aspects of marginalized communities influence their exclusion from the financial system of the country. The study also provides valuable insights for the policymakers, researchers and academicians both at the countrywide and intercontinental level to devise and put into practice programmes that will widen right to use financial products and services leading to cutback of poverty incidence, income parity, social and economic empowerment, economic development and reduction in caste and gender based discrimination.

Nexus between financial inclusion and economic growth

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipasha Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
Banking Institutions

Purpose The purpose of this study is to assess the nexus between the vast dimensions of financial inclusion and economic development of the emerging Indian economy. Design/methodology/approach In this study, vector auto-regression (VAR) models and Granger causality test were followed to test the main research question in Indian context. The data were collected on various dimensions of financial inclusion and economic development for the period 2004-2013. Findings Empirical results and discussion suggest that there is a positive association between economic growth and various dimensions of financial inclusion, specifically banking penetration, availability of banking services and usage of banking services in terms of deposits. Granger causality analysis reveals a bi-directional causality between geographic outreach and economic development and a unidirectional causality between the number of deposits/loan accounts and gross domestic product. The results obtained favor social banking experiments in India with a deepening of banking institutions. Research limitations/implications This study is limited to the banking institutions and specifically to the emerging and developing economies. Practical implications This study analyzes the quantitative value of social banking experiments and governments’ efforts to enhance financial inclusion in terms of economic growth. Social implications Financial inclusion plays a key role in developing a strong and an efficient financial infrastructure, which facilitates the growth of an economy. The findings of the study reveal that there is a strong association between banking penetration and growth. The discussion leads in the favor of deepening of the banking institutions, and therefore, policymakers can look forward to these findings to maintain a sustainable-inclusive-developed economic system in an emerging economy like India. Originality/value This study is original in nature and includes recent evidence and efforts to promote financial inclusion in the Indian economy. The findings of this study will be of value to banks and policymakers.

External conditions add to Georgian economic growth

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Free Trade Agreements ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
External Financing ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
The Government ◽  
Economic Outlook

Subject Georgia's positive economic outlook. Significance GDP is growing and is being spurred on by improved conditions in Georgia's main foreign economic partners. The government is seeking to capitalise on the country's role as a transport hub by investing in infrastructure, promoting a business-friendly environment and concluding free-trade agreements. Impacts Economic stability will be assisted by an emerging political accommodation, although not a full rapprochement, with Russia. Further economic development depends on access to external financing. High external indebtedness is potentially a source of vulnerability, but currently looks manageable.

PENGARUH PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR TERHADAP PDRB DI PROVINSI INDONESIA

Wahana ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
Suripto Suripto ◽  
Eva Dwi Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Infrastructure Investment ◽  
Water Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
Health Infrastructure ◽  
Spatial Coverage ◽  
The Government

Economic growth is one indicator to measure  the success of economic development in a country. Economic development is closely related to infrastructure. Infrastructure development will have an impact on economic growth both directly and indirectly. Therefore, the role of the government in determining infrastructure development policies is very important to increase economic growth in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of infrastructure on economic growth in Indonesia including road infrastructure, electricity infrastructure, investment, water infrastructure, education infrastructure and health infrastructure in Indonesia in 2015-2017.The analytical tool used in this study is panel data regression with the approach of Fixed Effect Model. The spatial coverage of this study is all provinces in Indonesia, namely 34 provinces, with a series of data from 2015 to 2017 with a total of 102 observations. The data used is secondary data obtained from BPS Indonesia.The results of the study show that (1) the road infrastructure variables have a negative and not significant effect on GDRP. (2) electrical infrastructure variables have a negative and not significant effect on GDRP. (3) investment variables have a positive and significant effect on GDRP. (4) water infrastructure variables have a positive and not significant effect on GDRP. (5) educational infrastructure variables have a positive and not significant effect on GDRP. (6) health infrastructure variables have a positive and significant effect on GDRP. Keywords: development, infrastructure, investment, GDRP, panel data

Twitter users exhibited coping behaviours during the COVID-19 lockdown: an analysis of tweets using mixed methods

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruchi Mittal ◽  
Wasim Ahmed ◽  
Amit Mittal ◽  
Ishan Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Twitter Data ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The World ◽  
Twitter Users ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data

Purpose Using data from Twitter, the purpose of this paper is to assess the coping behaviour and reactions of social media users in response to the initial days of the COVID-19-related lockdown in different parts of the world. Design/methodology/approach This study follows the quasi-inductive approach which allows the development of pre-categories from other theories before the sampling and coding processes begin, for use in those processes. Data was extracted using relevant keywords from Twitter, and a sample was drawn from the Twitter data set to ensure the data is more manageable from a qualitative research standpoint and that meaningful interpretations can be drawn from the data analysis results. The data analysis is discussed in two parts: extraction and classification of data from Twitter using automated sentiment analysis; and qualitative data analysis of a smaller Twitter data sample. Findings This study found that during the lockdown the majority of users on Twitter shared positive opinions towards the lockdown. The results also found that people are keeping themselves engaged and entertained. Governments around the world have also gained support from Twitter users. This is despite the hardships being faced by citizens. The authors also found a number of users expressing negative sentiments. The results also found that several users on Twitter were fence-sitters and their opinions and emotions could swing either way depending on how the pandemic progresses and what action is taken by governments around the world. Research limitations/implications The authors add to the body of literature that has examined Twitter discussions around H1N1 using in-depth qualitative methods and conspiracy theories around COVID-19. In the long run, the government can help citizens develop routines that help the community adapt to a new dangerous environment – this has very effectively been shown in the context of wildfires in the context of disaster management. In the context of this research, the dominance of the positive themes within tweets is promising for policymakers and governments around the world. However, sentiments may wish to be monitored going forward as large-spikes in negative sentiment may highlight lockdown-fatigue. Social implications The psychology of humans during a pandemic can have a profound impact on how COVID-19 shapes up, and this shall also include how people behave with other people and with the larger environment. Lockdowns are the opposite of what societies strive to achieve, i.e. socializing. Originality/value This study is based on original Twitter data collected during the initial days of the COVID-19-induced lockdown. The topic of “lockdowns” and the “COVID-19” pandemic have not been studied together thus far. This study is highly topical.

Australian central bank holds rate as growth slips

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Central Bank ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Commercial Lenders ◽  
The Government ◽  
Roll Out ◽  
Growth Forecasts

Significance The RBA has cut its growth forecasts amid rising job losses, weakening demand and increasing signs that the latest COVID-19 lockdowns will continue to slow the economy until the pace of the vaccine roll-out programme can be increased. Impacts Although the RBA is independent, the government will hope it keeps rates low ahead of the elections due next year. Commercial lenders could raise interest rates independently of the RBA if inflation remains high. Wage pressures will re-emerge as labour markets tighten but may be mitigated by the extent of underemployment. Economic growth will be uneven across the country in coming months as pandemic-related restrictions vary by location.

Emotional intelligence and entrepreneurial intentions: an exploratory meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Miao ◽  
Ronald H. Humphrey ◽  
Shanshan Qian ◽  
Jeffrey M. Pollack
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Meta Analyses

Purpose The topic of entrepreneurial intention, which refers to a person’s degree of interest in creating a new business venture, has received close scrutiny in the entrepreneurship literature. The empirical results regarding the relation between emotional intelligence (EI) and entrepreneurial intention were nevertheless mixed across studies. Based on fit theory and trait activation theory, the purpose of this paper is to explain the fundamental reason for the mixed findings in the extant literature thus far. Design/methodology/approach Random-effects meta-analyses, based on 12 studies (along with 12 effect sizes), were performed to not only investigate the overall relation between EI and entrepreneurial intention but also to examine the moderators (i.e. individualism (vs collectivism), masculinity (vs femininity), power distance, long-term orientation (vs short-term orientation), uncertainty avoidance, and indulgence (vs restraint)) that influence this relation. Findings The results of this meta-analysis demonstrated that EI is positively related to entrepreneurial intention; the positive relationship between EI and entrepreneurial intention is stronger in long-term-oriented cultures; and the positive relationship between EI and entrepreneurial intention does not significantly differ based on a culture’s level of collectivism, masculinity, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and indulgence. Originality/value This meta-analysis advances the current understanding of the relation between EI and entrepreneurial intention from cross-cultural perspectives.

scholarly journals Impact of Implementation of Goods and Service Tax on Indian Banking Sector

2018 ◽  
pp. 18-32
Author(s):  
Revathi R. ◽  
Madhushree ◽  
P. S. Aithal
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Bank Branches ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Government ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

The banking sector is one of the biggest and revenue generating sector in our economy. Indiais a country with impressively splendid banks with sufficient capital and well-regulated rulesand regulations. One of the biggest transformations that the sector faced during this period isGST i.e., Goods and Service Tax, a new tax regime introduced in the midnight of 1 July2017. Now the new tax regime has become one year old and there are so many changeswhich happened in the banking sector during this one-year periods. Introduction of GST tothe banking sector was one the highly risky and challenging role for the government. GST isa replacement to the Value Added Tax (VAT) which was implied on goods and services. Themain purpose of studying the impact of implementation of GST is to avoid double taxationon goods and services. It is a self-regulated tax system with a simplifies tax regime whichreduces the multiplicity of tax. The purpose of this study is to know the challenges faced bythe Banking sector and its effects on the customers after the implementation of the GST.New tax regime made an incredible step by the abolish of centralized registration of thebanks. Now all the bank branches have to register under GST in each state for the smoothfunctioning. The tax rate has created an impression in the banking sector that the sector iscontributing much toward the economic growth of the country. Tax slabs is anotherimportant and critical thing discussed in this paper which has substantially increasedcompared to the old tax regime. Data for the study have been collected from secondary datasources such as journals, internet, and news articles. Using the ABCD qualitative analysistechnique, advantages, benefits, constraints, and disadvantages for both banks and thecustomers for payment of GST are identified.

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