scholarly journals Subclinical psychopathy, interpersonal workplace exchanges and moral emotions through the lens of affective events theory (AET)

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Boulter ◽  
Clive Boddy
Keyword(s):  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Moral Emotions ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Moral Emotion ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Affective Events Theory ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organisational Effectiveness ◽  
Affective Events ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to better comprehend the subclinical psychopath's intra and interpersonal moral emotions in the context of their natural habitat, the workplace, alongside implications for employees and organisations.Design/methodology/approachThis study draws on affective events theory (AET) to illuminate this dark-side phenomenon. Thematic analysis is used to identify themes from qualitative data collected from a small sample of interviews conducted with human resource management (HRM) directors and other managers.FindingsThe findings show that the subclinical psychopath is agentic, being unfettered by intra self-directed conscious moral emotions. The predominant moral emotion directed at employees during interpersonal workplace exchanges is typically anger. However, it appears likely the subclinical psychopath fakes this moral emotion as a smokescreen for manipulative and exploitative gains. The predominant moral emotion directed by employees towards the subclinical psychopath is fear. Employees resort to avoidance and withdrawal behaviour and intentions to quit become a reality.Practical implicationsThe signalling quality of employees' moral emotions and subsequent dysfunctional avoidance and withdrawal behaviour can provide valuable information to HRM professionals in the detection of subclinical psychopaths which is acknowledged as notoriously difficult.Originality/valueThis study contributes new knowledge to subclinical psychopathy and makes novel use of AET to explore this personality type as a driver of employees' negative workplace emotions, the impact on employees' behaviour alongside implications for organisational effectiveness.

Drivers of intrapreneurship: an affective events theory viewpoint

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yariv Itzkovich ◽  
Sibylle Heilbrunn ◽  
Niva Dolev
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Affective Events Theory ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Affective Events ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeIn the current study framework, the authors test the underlying assumptions of affective events theory concerning the impact of job satisfaction and job insecurity driven by incivility on intrapreneurial behaviour.Design/methodology/approachData were collected with a sample of 510 employees from five organisations. All hypotheses were tested via SmartPLS3. Additionally, a distinction between formative and reflective measures was performed.FindingsFindings revealed that incivility decreases intrapreneurial behaviour, mediated by job satisfaction and job insecurity. Additionally, this study’s results show that the relationship between job satisfaction and job insecurity and intrapreneurial behaviour distinguishes unionised employees from employees who are not unionised.Research limitations/implicationsThe cross-sectional nature of the present data precluded definitive statements about causality. Additionally, further studies should increase the sample size and include an international perspective to ensure the overall generalisability of the results.Practical implicationsPractically, this study’s findings point to the need for organisational management to understand better underlying employees' perceptions and their antecedents and consequences.Originality/valueThe study results contribute to the literature by testing the core assumptions of affective events theory and by extending the affective events theory model, incorporating contextual influences on the relationship between attitudes and behaviours. The authors also show for the first time that incivility can be directly (compared to indirectly) linked to emotional-based responses, but not to those responses driven by cognitive appraisals. Thus, the study also contributes to the incivility literature and the understanding of various antecedents and consequences of incivility. Additionally, this study addressed the notion of formative versus reflective measurement models for the first time relating to incivility and intrapreneurial behaviour, allowing for more sensitive and less biased results. Herein lies an additional methodological contribution.

When do job insecure employees adapt to change?

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristi N. Lavigne ◽  
Victoria L. Whitaker ◽  
Dustin K. Jundt ◽  
Mindy K. Shoss
Keyword(s):  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Adaptive Performance ◽  
Work Behaviors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work Tasks ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between job insecurity and adaptive performance (AP), contingent on changes to core work tasks, which we position as a situational cue to employees regarding important work behaviors. Design/methodology/approach Employees and their supervisors were invited to participate in the study. Supervisors were asked to provide ratings of employees’ AP and changes to core tasks; employees reported on job insecurity. Findings As predicted, changes to core tasks moderated the relationship between job insecurity and AP. Job insecurity was negatively related to AP for those experiencing low levels of change, but was not related to AP for those experiencing high levels of change. Counter to expectations, no main effect of job insecurity was found. Research limitations/implications This study employed a fairly small sample of workers from two organizations, which could limit generalizability. Practical implications The study identifies changes to core tasks as a boundary condition for the job insecurity–AP relationship. Findings suggest that organizations may not observe deleterious consequences of job insecurity on AP when changes to core tasks are high. Originality/value Few researchers have examined boundary conditions of the impact of job insecurity on AP. Furthermore, inconsistent findings regarding the link between job insecurity and AP have emerged. This study fills the gap and expands upon previous research by examining changes to core tasks as a condition under which job insecurity does not pose an issue for AP.

CEOs’ accounting-based attributes and earnings management strategies under mandatory IFRS adoption

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 608-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amel Kouaib ◽  
Anis Jarboui ◽  
Khaireddine Mouakhar
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Audit Committees ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ifrs Adoption ◽  
Experience Education ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to focus on the moderating effect of mandatory International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adoption on the relationship between chief executive officer (CEO) experience/education and earnings management in European companies. Design/methodology/approach Data from a sample of 302 European firms listed on Stoxx Europe 600 index and 596 CEOs from 2000 to 2014 are used to test the moderation model using moderation regression analysis. Findings Evidence reveals that CEO’s accounting-based attributes are negatively associated with accruals-based earnings management and positively associated with real earnings management (REM). Further, mandatory IFRS adoption significantly moderates the impact of CEO’s accounting-based traits on earnings-management activities. Research limitations/implications A small number of European firms were studied and, given the long study period, many firms with missing data were eliminated. To avoid a small sample size, countries with few observations were included, which leads to an uneven distribution between observations per country. Practical implications Findings from this paper can help: European firms to consider demographic traits when recruiting or promoting executives; the IASB to improve enforcement mechanisms and make IFRS implementation mandatory; and audit committees to effectively monitor REM. Originality/value This study is unique in providing European evidence for the moderating effect of mandatory IFRS adoption on the relationship between CEOs’ accounting experience/education and earnings management activities. This paper is also relevant as it addresses the effectiveness and efficiency of accounting literates.

The bright and dark sides of green customer integration (GCI): evidence from Chinese manufacturers

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiwen Feng ◽  
Hongyan Sheng ◽  
Minghui Li
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Information Sharing ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Opportunistic Behavior ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Customer Integration ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

PurposeBased on resource dependence theory and transaction cost economics this study explores how green customer integration (GCI) affects financial performance via information sharing and opportunistic behavior, and the moderating effects of dependence and trust.Design/methodology/approachThis study develops a theoretical model and tests it using data from two-waved survey data of 206 Chinese manufacturers. The hypotheses were tested using hierarchical linear regression analysis.FindingsThe results show that GCI has a significant and positive impact on information sharing, but its impact on opportunistic behavior is insignificant. Notably, information sharing has a significant and positive impact on financial performance, while opportunistic behavior has an insignificant impact on financial performance. In addition, dependence negatively moderates the impact of GCI on information sharing and positively moderates the impact of GCI on opportunistic behavior. Trust negatively moderates the impact of GCI on opportunistic behavior.Originality/valueAlthough GCI has received widespread attention, how it affects a firm's performance remains unclear. Most previous studies have focused only on its bright side and ignored its dark side. This study highlights how GCI affects financial performance through information sharing and opportunistic behavior, and the moderating effects of dependence and trust. This enriches the understanding of how and under what conditions GCI affects a firm's performance.

scholarly journals Finding the right management approach in independent hotels

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 2862-2883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Nazarian ◽  
Peter Atkinson ◽  
Pantea Foroudi ◽  
Karen Dennis
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Style ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organisational Effectiveness ◽  
Independent Hotels ◽  
The Right ◽  
Reward Mechanism ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This study aims to identify factors that managers can influence to improve effectiveness by examining the relationship between leadership and effectiveness in small and medium-sized independent hotels. Design/methodology/approach In total, 272 valid questionnaires were collected from managers of 83 small and medium-sized independent hotels in the Netherlands by using selective and snowball sampling techniques. A two-stage structural equation modelling approach was used to test the hypotheses. Findings Surprisingly, in contradiction to previous studies, neither transactional nor transformational leadership had a direct effect on organisational effectiveness. Instead, the effect was through the intervening variables of ability to acquire resources and reward mechanisms. Research limitations/implications The contradiction between this and previous studies may be due to the fact that constructs used in this study do not have the universal applicability that is customarily assumed and further investigation is needed. Practical implications This study suggests that managers in this type of hotel, first, should be adaptable in their leadership style and not rely on transactional leadership alone; second, managers must pay attention to resource acquisition; and third, managers must retain staff by using the right reward mechanism. Originality/value This study contributes to the literature of leadership and effectiveness in small and medium-sized independent hotels by being the first to focus on the impact of ability to acquire resources and reward mechanism. It also makes an important contribution to the growing body of hospitality literature that probes the supposed universal validity of organisational studies’ constructs.

scholarly journals Signal Game Analysis on the Effectiveness of Coal Mine Safety Supervision Based on the Affective Events Theory

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Xue Yang ◽  
Yang Tian ◽  
Kai Feng ◽  
Juan Yang ◽  
Shu-hui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium State ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Mine Safety ◽  
Affective Events Theory ◽  
Safety Risk ◽  
Coal Mine Safety ◽  
Affective Events ◽  
Unsafe Behavior ◽  
The Impact

The main cause of coal mine safety accidents is the unsafe behavior of miners who are affected by their emotional state. Therefore, the implementation of effective emotional supervision is important for achieving the sustainable development of coal mining enterprises in China. Assuming rational players, a signaling game between miners (emotion-driven and judgement-driven) and managers is established from the perspective of Affective Events Theory in order to examine the impact of managers’ emotions on coal miners’ behavior; it analyzes the players’ strategy selections as well as the factors influencing the equilibrium states. The results show that the safety risk deposits paid by managers and the costs of emotion-driven miners disguising any negative emotions affect equilibrium. Under the separating equilibrium state, the emotional supervision system faces “the paradox of almost totally safe systems” and will be broken; the emotion-driven miners disguising any negative emotions will be permitted to work in the coal mine, creating a safety risk. Under the pooling equilibrium state, strong economic constraints, such as setting suitable safety risk deposits, may achieve effective emotional supervision of the miners, reducing the safety risk. The results are verified against a case study of the China Pingmei Shenma Group. Therefore, setting a suitable safety risk deposit to improve emotional supervision and creating punitive measures to prevent miners from disguising any negative emotions can reduce the number of coal mine safety accidents in China.

Effect of infiltrant-related parameters on mechanical performance for 3DP technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1647-1656
Author(s):  
Weiwei Wu ◽  
Zhouzhou Wang ◽  
Shuang Ding ◽  
Aiping Song ◽  
Dejia Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Materials Testing ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The effects of infiltrant-related factors during post-processing on mechanical performance are fully considered for three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology. The factors contain infiltrant type, infiltrating means, infiltrating frequency and time interval of infiltrating. Design/methodology/approach A series of printing experiments are conducted and the parts are processed with different conditions by considering the above mentioned four parameters. Then the mechanical performances of the parts are tested from both macroscopic and microscopic papers. In the macroscopic view, the compressive strength of each printed part is measured by the materials testing machine – Instron 3367. In the microscopic view, scanning electron microscope and energy dispersion spectrum are used to obtain microstructure images and element content results. The pore size distributions of the parts are measured further to illustrate that if the particles are bound tightly by infiltrant. Then, partial least square (PLS) is used to conduct the analysis of the influencing factors, which can solve the small-sample problem well. The regression analysis and the influencing degree of each factor are explored further. Findings The experimental results show that commercial infiltrant has an outstanding performance than other super glues. The infiltrating action will own higher compressive strength than the brushing action. The higher infiltrating frequency and inconsistent infiltrating time interval will contribute to better mechanical performance. The PLS analysis shows that the most important factor is the infiltrating method. When compare the fitted value with the actual value, it is clear that when the compressive strength is higher, the fitting error will be smaller. Practical implications The research will have extensive applicability and practical significance for powder-based additive manufacturing. Originality/value The impact of the infiltrating-related post-processing on the performance of 3DP technology is easy to be ignored, which is fully taken into consideration in this paper. Both macroscopic and microscopic methods are conducted to explore, which can better explain the mechanical performance of the parts. Furthermore, as a small-sample method, PLS is used for influencing factors analysis. The variable importance in the projection index can explain the influencing degree of each parameter.

Paranoid personality and frontline employee’s proactive work behaviours: a moderated mediation model of empathetic leadership and perceived psychological safety

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-135
Author(s):  
Shaker Bani-Melhem ◽  
Faridahwati Mohd. Shamsudin ◽  
Rawan Mazen Abukhait ◽  
Samina Quratulain
Keyword(s):  
Customer Service ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Psychological Safety ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Customer Complaints ◽  
Moderated Mediation Model ◽  
Paranoid Personality ◽  
Willingness To Report ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis study expands on research related to the dark side of personality traits by examining how individual dark personality affects proactive work behaviours. Specifically, the authors consider paranoia as a dark personality trait and propose that it negatively relates to perceived psychological safety and indirectly affects frontline employees' (FLEs) willingness to report customer complaints as well as their extra-role customer service. The authors also posit that empathetic leadership is a focal, contextual factor that mitigates the impact of paranoia on perceived psychological safety and, consequently, the willingness to report customer complaints and engage in extra-role customer service behaviour.Design/methodology/approachThe model was tested on a sample of 252 FLEs using process macro (Hayes, 2017) and AMOS. Data were collected from FLEs working in different hospitality organisations using a time-lagged design; supervisor-rated employee extra-role customer service was also measured.FindingsThe authors found that FLEs with a paranoid personality trait had a lesser sense of psychological safety at work, which reduced their willingness to engage in proactive work behaviours. However, this negative effect was mitigated by the presence of an empathetic leader.Originality/valueThe results are important because research has yet to determine which actions managers should take to counter the negative effects of dark personalities in the workplace.

Key audit matters: insight from audit experts

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milton Segal
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interpretive Approach ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
Audit Reports ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Complete Account

Purpose Key audit matters (KAM) and their impact on the auditor is a relatively understudied area. The purpose of this study is to analyse whether auditors perceive that the recent requirement for auditors of listed companies to report KAMs has enhanced the transparency of audit reports or not, what additional risks they now face, how the risk is being managed and its impact on the relationship with their clients. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses an interpretive approach for detailed interviews with some of South Africa’s leading audit experts to highlight their perspective of the impact of KAM on audit reporting and the audit environment. Findings The experts have various perceptions of what makes a matter “key”. These vary from materiality, to subjectivity and difficulty, as well as incorporating a time-based consideration. Concerns identified include a significant increase in cost and an increase in potential liability, triggering the need for thorough internal risk management policies. The audit experts conclude that KAM has ultimately failed to achieve its goal of greater transparency, with clients virtually ignoring KAM reports. Research limitations/implications The research relies on a relatively small sample of subject experts and may not provide a complete account of the view of all audit professionals and KAM reports issued. It analyses the impact of KAM from the preparers’ perspective. Originality/value This study contributes to the research conducted in this topical area. Although there has been research on KAM focusing on pre-implementation consequences, there is virtually no formal academic research on the impact KAM has had on audit partners and firms in South Africa post implementation. It may also serve as a basis for the IAASB to consider going forward.

The dark side of effectiveness – risk and crisis as the “destroyer of worlds”

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 338-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Fischbacher-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Symbiotic Relationship ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organisational Effectiveness

Purpose – This paper considers the dark side of organisational effectiveness and the processes by which and organisation can move into a state of crisis. The paper sets out a series of arguments around the relationships between people and processes and the manner in which they contribute to the incubation of crises within organisations. The purpose of this paper is to provide an introduction to many of the issues that are raised in this issue of the journal and calls for more research that explores the relationships between effectiveness and failure. Design/methodology/approach – The paper draws upon a range of literatures to set out the case for considering the negative aspects that surround organisational attempts at achieving effectiveness. In particular, it considers the role of both people and processes in a symbiotic relationship within the incubation of crisis. The paper highlights the importance of innovative practices in bypassing organisational controls. Findings – The paper outlines issues around management practices that serve to focus the attention of practitioners on the ways in which they can contribute inadvertently to the failure of the organisation. In particular, it highlights some of the potential vulnerabilities that can exist within the organisation and which, if unchecked, will result in failure. Originality/value – The paper highlights the need for further research within the field of organisational effectiveness around the ways in which crises can be incubated as part of the normal processes around effective working.

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