Crime prevention through urban design and planning in the smart city era

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Isabella Chiodi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
Comprehensive Planning ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Planning Approach ◽  
New Generation

Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyse the nexus between Crime Prevention through Urban Design and Planning (CP-UDP) and e-participation in urban planning, with the idea that a comprehensive planning approach is needed in order to have effective safe cities. Design/methodology/approach This study relies on some European case studies on CP-UDP learned by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (EU COST) Action TU1203 and on a personal research experience focused on CPTED and its potential development in Italy – which was based on literature review and interviews with key informants. Findings CP-UDP, as a proactive and potentially effective crime prevention strategy plays an important role in order to implement safer cities. Information and communications technology (ICT) can provide a valuable tool to enhance participatory planning. The thesis supported in this paper is that through the widespread of e-participation in urban planning is possible to implement safer cities if a comprehensive planning approach is applied and Italy has already made its first steps forward this direction. Originality/value The smart city concept pervades contemporary urban studies, supported by European policies, according to the logic that the use of ICT could contribute to sustainable development in its various dimensions. A new-generation CP-UDP focused on e-participation may enhance safer cities.

scholarly journals Expanded Urban Planning as a Vehicle for Understanding and Shaping Smart, Liveable Cities

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aija Staffans ◽  
Liisa Horelli
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Community Informatics ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Planning Approach ◽  
Academic Publications

Smart city is currently a trendy concept that has been promoted by many international companies, universities and cities, such as IBM, CISCO, MIT, Shanghai, as well as the European Union.  This top down, technocratic approach has been severely criticized in many academic publications. Concurrently there is an increasing buzz emerging from citizens – women and men, who are involved in the application of community informatics for self-organization in urban settings. Consequently, the smart city as a contested concept and an initiative is under social and political construction. We argue that the smart city can be better understood and implemented, when framed from a holistic and integrative perspective as a multi-scalar and multi-dimensional endeavor that is approached through “expanded urban planning”. The aim of the article is to present and discuss the expanded urban planning approach as an alternative story to smart cities. The relevance of this approach is assessed in the light of a case study of Designing for the Smart City, a course for future architects and planners, at the Politecnico di Milano, Italy.

scholarly journals Integrating crime prevention into urban design and planning

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline L. Davey ◽  
Andrew B. Wootton
Keyword(s):  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Local Stakeholders ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to understand the delivery of crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) across Europe – from European-wide procedures through national schemes to effective local strategies. Design/methodology/approach The findings come from a review of published literature and reports, case studies and site visits conducted primarily during COST Action TU1203 (2013-2016). Findings Innovative approaches and methods to integrate crime prevention into urban design, planning and management have been generated by multi-agency partnerships and collaborations at European, national and city levels. Methods and procedures developed by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Working Group on “Crime Prevention through Urban Planning and Building Design” are pioneering. However, findings show that implementation is best achieved at a local level using methods and procedures tailored to the specific context. Research limitations/implications In-depth research is required to appreciate subtle differences between local approaches and conceptual models developed to better understand approaches and methods. Practical implications Practitioners and academics working to prevent crime benefit from participation in focused, multi-agency collaborations that, importantly, facilitate visits to urban developments, discussions with local stakeholders responsible for delivery “on the ground” and structured and sustained exploration of innovations and challenges. Originality/value The authors hope that this paper will contribute to developing a new direction for CPTED practice and research that builds on significant progress in creating safer environments over previous decades.

Crime prevention aspects of public space renewal in Budapest

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda Benkő ◽  
Tibor Germán
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Security ◽  
Design Documents ◽  
Historic City

Purpose Security is one of the most important challenges for contemporary integrated urban developments. In Hungary, every strategic document highlights this goal, seeking social and smart city solutions to the problem. Yet, what about crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED)? The purpose of the paper is to introduce a Central-European perspective into the international discussion of the topic. Design/methodology/approach Focusing on European Union-funded renewal of public space in the historic city centre of Budapest, the research investigates how urban security can be facilitated through urban planning and design. The analysis of two projects based on design documents and interviews with actors highlights the importance of CPTED, although it is not recognised officially either in the development or in the management phase. Findings March 15th Square is an attractive contemporary public space in the tourist-historic city centre. The project was centrally planned, executed with typical EU indicators, but without any special requirements for security. The process resulted in a safescape. By contrast, the main principal for the renewal of Teleki László Square, the first Hungarian example of community-based planning, was to instil a feeling of security. The public square became a fenced defensible space. Practical implications The analysis method can be used for other projects evaluating changes in urban security due to public space renewal: history, requirements for security, design solutions for space division, materials and urban furniture, as well as use of space and management after the regeneration. Originality/value The paper uncovers Hungarian cases where environmental crime prevention criteria are not explicitly but implicitly present in contemporary urban planning and design. In relation to urban security, it highlights the gap that exists among disciplines, indicative of a lack of dialogue among policymakers, researchers, designers and management.

Enterprise systems: are we ready for future sustainable cities

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naim Ahmad ◽  
Rashid Mehmood
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Enterprise Systems ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Relative Significance ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – This paper aims to revisit the adoption reasons of enterprise systems (ES) and supply chain management systems (SCMS) and to explore the new dimensions of sustainability required to be added in the whole process of adoption of these systems. Moreover, it aims to explore the benefits of ES to organizations and to relate these benefits to the ES adoption in future sustainable city settings. Future cities will have micro-industries requiring dynamic interactions and will be dependent on efficient supply chains. The recent developments in information and communications technology (ICT) such as cloud computing through its dynamic, on-demand and service-based delivery are making it possible to achieve those goals for supply chains. The ES in general and more specifically SCMS have integrated organizations into one seamless mesh. Design/methodology/approach – This paper presents a framework for adoption of sustainable ES in a smart city setting. The framework, firstly, is presented at a macro-level, particularly incorporating the relative significance of motivational factors for sustainable ES adoption. Subsequently, The authors study the benefits of ES as perceived by large and small and medium enterprise (SME) organizations using 100 case studies and discuss how these benefits can be realized for smart cities by projecting the ES benefits onto the proposed framework. The benefits are estimated with the Shang and Seddon’s (2002) framework. Findings – The adoption of ES initiated with environmental factors and mediated with business and technical factors will bring benefits in all the dimensions of triple bottom line in addition to the firm’s performance. ES will have pivotal role in future smart city settings and will be able to offer social, environmental and economic sustainability in addition to traditional organizational performance indicators. Originality/value – The proposed framework for ES adoption will bring ES packages (particularly, the required relative significance of adoption reasons) into the perspective of sustainable development. Moreover, the study of its benefits in relation to the proposed sustainable ES adoption framework presented in this paper will help in motivating organizations to incorporate social, economic and environmental sustainability into their core business objectives.

scholarly journals What makes a city ‘smart’?

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Mine Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Communications Technology ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
City Administration ◽  
Technology Tools ◽  
Tools And Techniques

Taking advantage of information and communications technology tools and techniques for city administration, whether it is for urban planning activities, for transport solutions or many other purposes, is not a new concept. However, in order for a city to be classified as ‘smart’, a synthesis of intelligence that transcends mere utilisation is essential. This article analyses the increasing use of information and communications technology and sensing technologies in cities by examining this new way of city governing from a critical perspective. Existing projects and initiatives were investigated to find out how, and to what extent, these tools are being employed by cities. The advantages and the current shortcomings of smart city are also discussed in order to understand the viability of using these tools.

scholarly journals An investigation into Designing Smart city in Accordance with Designing for Children toward Child-Friendly Smart Cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazdak Irani ◽  
Amir Rastegar ◽  
Behzad Shojaedingivi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Child Friendly ◽  
Design Planning

The process of urban planning should be multi-dimensional and comprehensive meaning that it takes into consideration all groups of people especially less able ones. Children are one of these groups who should be taken into consideration more in urban planning and urban design. Planning to make cities smart is one of the new approaches in urban design. However, children are often largely ignored in these plans. The researchers of the present study tried to examine the position of children in smart city-related planning. To this end, the concepts of child-friendly cities are dealt with and studied so that its common indexes with the smart city would be extracted hoping that the position of children in smart cities would be considered more. The research method employed in the study is library-based and analytic-descriptive.

China's AI plan lays foundation for long-term strength

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
The Government ◽  
Intelligence Development ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Military

Subject China's AI development plans. Significance China's artificial intelligence (AI) industry received investment of 28 billion dollars last year, according to the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology. The government last July issued a Next generation artificial intelligence development plan, which sets a 1-trillion-renminbi (151-billion-dollar) 2030 target for China's core AI industry and a 10-trillion-renminbi target for related industries. A Three-year action plan for promoting development of a new generation artificial intelligence industry followed in December, setting numerous quantitative targets for 2020. Impacts Foreign AI professionals will be able to find well-paid employment in Chinese firms and institutions. Foreign firms working in AI will find eager partners and investors in China. Chinese experts will participate in international standard-setting and debates about ethics and safety. Close cooperation with the military on AI development will feed suspicion of Chinese technology firms overseas.

Exploring barriers to the implementation of city development strategies (CDS) in Iranian cities

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Javad Maghsoodi Tilaki ◽  
Massoomeh Hedayati
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
City Development ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Comprehensive Planning ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Relationship Of

Purpose – The purpose of this article is to explore the barriers to the implementation of city development strategy (CDS) to achieve the goals in Iranian cities which have experienced rapid uncontrolled growth in recent decades. As comprehensive planning method has failed to tackle the challenges facing the cities, various recommendations have been made to employ the CDS as a successful method based on strategic urban planning to develop Iranian cities. Design/methodology/approach – This study is qualitatively conducted based on the primary and secondary data in which the primary data were obtained from 11 semi-structured interviews, while the secondary data were collected through a review of international theoretical studies, Iranian experimental research and reports. Findings – The findings of this study indicate five major barriers to the implementation of the Iranian urban planning process based on the CDS. These comprise the centralization of urban planning structure, coordination and relationship of agencies, financial resources, related laws and regulations and public participation. Originality/value – This study develops a compelling argument that what is missing from research on CDS is an examination of the potential barriers of CDS implementation, particularly in Iranian cities.

Entrepreneurial ecosystem and well-being in European smart cities: a comparative perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Penco ◽  
Enrico Ivaldi ◽  
Andrea Ciacci
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThis study investigates the relationship between the strength of innovative entrepreneurial ecosystems and subjective well-being in 43 European smart cities. Subjective well-being is operationalized by a Quality of Life (QOL) survey that references the level of multidimensional satisfaction or happiness expressed by residents at the city level. The entrepreneurial ecosystem concept depicted here highlights actor interdependence that creates new value in a specific community by undertaking innovative entrepreneurial activities. The research uses objective and subjective variables to analyze the relationships between the entrepreneurial ecosystem and subjective well-being.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a cluster analysis with a nonaggregative quantitative approach based on the theory of the partially ordered set (poset); the objective was to find significant smart city level relationships between the entrepreneurial ecosystem and subjective well-being.FindingsThe strength of the entrepreneurial ecosystem is positively related to subjective well-being only in large cities. This result confirms a strong interdependency between the creation of innovative entrepreneurial activities and subjective well-being in large cities. The smart cities QOL dimensions showing higher correlations with the entrepreneurial ecosystem include urban welfare, economic well-being and environmental quality, such as information and communications technology (ICT) and mobility.Practical implicationsDespite the main implications being properly referred to large cities, the governments of smart cities should encourage and promote programs to improve citizens' subjective well-being and to create a conducive entrepreneurship environment.Originality/valueThis study is one of the few contributions focused on the relationship between the entrepreneurial smart city ecosystem and subjective well-being in the urban environment.

Book Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 386-389
Author(s):  
Eduardo Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
City Image ◽  
European Capital Of Culture ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The World ◽  
The City ◽  
The Olympic Games

Evinç Doğan (2016). Image of Istanbul, Impact of ECoC 2010 on The City Image. London: Transnational Press London. [222 pp, RRP: £18.75, ISBN: 978-1-910781-22-7]The idea of discovering or creating a form of uniqueness to differentiate a place from others is clearly attractive. In this regard, and in line with Ashworth (2009), three urban planning instruments are widely used throughout the world as a means of boosting a city’s image: (i) personality association - where places associate themselves with a named individual from history, literature, the arts, politics, entertainment, sport or even mythology; (ii) the visual qualities of buildings and urban design, which include flagship building, signature urban design and even signature districts and (iii) event hallmarking - where places organize events, usually cultural (e.g., European Capital of Culture, henceforth referred to as ECoC) or sporting (e.g., the Olympic Games), in order to obtain worldwide recognition. 

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