scholarly journals Integrating crime prevention into urban design and planning

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline L. Davey ◽  
Andrew B. Wootton
Keyword(s):  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Local Stakeholders ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to understand the delivery of crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) across Europe – from European-wide procedures through national schemes to effective local strategies. Design/methodology/approach The findings come from a review of published literature and reports, case studies and site visits conducted primarily during COST Action TU1203 (2013-2016). Findings Innovative approaches and methods to integrate crime prevention into urban design, planning and management have been generated by multi-agency partnerships and collaborations at European, national and city levels. Methods and procedures developed by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Working Group on “Crime Prevention through Urban Planning and Building Design” are pioneering. However, findings show that implementation is best achieved at a local level using methods and procedures tailored to the specific context. Research limitations/implications In-depth research is required to appreciate subtle differences between local approaches and conceptual models developed to better understand approaches and methods. Practical implications Practitioners and academics working to prevent crime benefit from participation in focused, multi-agency collaborations that, importantly, facilitate visits to urban developments, discussions with local stakeholders responsible for delivery “on the ground” and structured and sustained exploration of innovations and challenges. Originality/value The authors hope that this paper will contribute to developing a new direction for CPTED practice and research that builds on significant progress in creating safer environments over previous decades.

scholarly journals The challenges of managing transnational education partnerships

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Martin Healey
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Transnational Education ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Building Relationships ◽  
Local Stakeholders ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Sample Set ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the challenges of managing transnational education (TNE) partnerships from the perspective of the home university managers. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts a qualitative, “insider researcher” methodology’. It uses a sample set of eight mangers who operate from the home university and 13 “in-country” managers who are seconded to head up the overseas TNE partnerships. The samples are all drawn from UK universities to standardise for other variables (e.g. legislative framework). Findings It finds that the managers based at the home campus report a generally negative attitude, emphasising the riskiness and the lack of scalability, sustainably and profitability, as well as the general resistance to TNE from staff on the home campus. The in-country managers, in contrast, experience the same lack of empathy from their peers at home, but this group tends to more closely associate themselves with their local colleagues and to be drawn into building relationships with local stakeholders. Research limitations/implications The limitation of this research is that it is based on a sample of managers from the same country. Practical implications In practical terms, the findings suggest that universities need to do more to increase awareness and commitment to their TNE partnerships amongst staff at the home campus, while providing better professional development and more frequent rotations for their in-country managers. Originality/value This paper extends the very limited literature on the management of TNE partnerships.

Anatomy of successful tourism shopping districts

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 831-846
Author(s):  
Bob Mckercher
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Local Stakeholders ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Operational Issues ◽  
Retail Shopping ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the factors that make tourist shopping districts successful. Design/methodology/approach In total, 12 sets of face-to-face interviews were conducted in 7 cities on 4 continents in September and October, 2019. In total, 21 individuals participated in the interviews. Interviews were conducted in Bangkok Thailand, Singapore, Melbourne and Brisbane Australia, Ottawa Canada, New York USA (three sets of interviews) and London England (four sets of interviews). Findings The literature focusses on operational issues, while respondents highlighted higher order issues relating primarily to organisational structure, governance and funding. Research limitations/implications The study focusses primarily on English speaking jurisdictions, with the exception of Bangkok. As such, the results may not be generalisable to non-English speaking economies. Practical implications Insights into factors influencing the success of tourism retail shopping districts are highlighted, especially the role of governance and creativity. Social implications The paper indicates that local stakeholders also play a key role in the success of such districts. Originality/value This is the first comprehensive, global study of the factors that make tourism shopping districts successful.

Management by obedience: the patterns that lead to evil acts

Kybernetes ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-170
Author(s):  
Jon-Arild Johannessen
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
International Community ◽  
Crimes Against Humanity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Theory Of Crime ◽  
Model Of Management ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Theory System

Purpose – If we know something about the patterns and conditions of crime against humanity, we may perhaps at an early point be able to diagnose and identify developments that lead to these acts. If such developments can be diagnosed, it will be easier for the international community to intervene and stop developments that can lead to a human catastrophe. Consequently, the main reason to examine the patterns and conditions for crime against humanity is to contribute to efforts that will ensure that this crimes likely do not happen again. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Designing system of propositions to develop a theory of crime against humanity, using a typology and conceptual models. Findings – Development of a model for management by obedience leading to evil acts. Research limitations/implications – Understanding patterns leading to evil acts. Practical implications – A model of management by obedience. The model is a way to understand and explain crimes against humanity from a systemic perspective. Originality/value – Development of a typology of crimes against humanity and development of a theory (system of propositions) of crimes against humanity.

The changing nature of the workplace and the future of office space

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 424-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Harris
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Office Space ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Demand Profile ◽  
City Of London ◽  
The City ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to outline key changes happening within occupier businesses that will have a medium- to long-term impact upon the demand for office space and, ultimately, the property investment market. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on survey work undertaken for the City of London Corporation as well as direct experience in advising corporate occupiers on their accommodation needs. Findings – The findings suggest major changes taking place in the demand profile of office occupiers, in terms of both quantitative and qualitative demand for space. Practical implications – There are a number of practical implications arising from the findings, not the least being the need for investors to consider the appropriateness of current standards for base building design and fit-out in contemporary offices. Originality/value – The paper presents the output of primary research and consulting and is therefore of an original nature. Its value lies in the fact that the findings reflect the actual experiences and plans of corporate occupiers and can be taken as reliable indicators of future demand for office space.

Towards interoperable recordkeeping systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Rolan
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Design Science ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Meta Model ◽  
Concept System ◽  
Reflective Design ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Model Approach

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce an infrastructural approach to metadata modelling and a generalised meta-model for recordkeeping metadata. This meta-model is an attempt to support interoperability between disparate systems, and particularly, between sets of ostensibly incommensurate record documentation. Design/methodology/approach The investigation used a reflective design-science investigation comprising interviews adaptive literature review, creation of conceptual models and the design and instantiation of a proof-of-concept system. Findings The investigation confirms that recordkeeping interoperability between disparate ontologies is achievable through a meta-model approach. In particular, the meta-model carefully defines relationships between entities with specific semantics that enable the development of interoperable domain schemas. Practical implications A meta-model for recordkeeping metadata facilitates the development of recordkeeping systems that possess interoperability-by-design. Social implications Recordkeeping systems that conform to the meta-model can, therefore, transcend the immediate transactional context and support participatory recordkeeping in terms of a plurality of stakeholder world views and agency in records. Originality/value This paper is one of the few reporting design-science approaches to recordkeeping informatics and one that has used a meta-model approach for recordkeeping metadata design. In contrast to most empirically determined metadata schemas, the top-down design approach has produced a schema from a wide variety of ontological sources.

How and why managers use conceptual devices in business-to-business research

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (7/8) ◽  
pp. 633-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars-Johan Åge
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Business Research ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Equal Footing ◽  
Business To Business ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – This study aims to analyze how and why managers adopt and use business-to-business (B2B) research. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected through participant observations, focus groups and interviews in three organizations that had used a certain conceptual model from B2B research. Findings – The study suggests that managers use B2B research in an action-oriented, flexible and dynamic manner. Such conceptual or translational use is characterized by managers’ creative translation of the research to match the problems they are facing at that particular time. Research limitations/implications – This study suggests that researchers and managers are on equal footing, and can contribute to one another in an active and creative way. Practical implications – Through translating research into their specific context, managers can find a new spectrum of research usage in their organization, but can also contribute to research in an interactive and creative way. Originality/value – This study gives empirical examples for how and why a certain piece of B2B research has been used by managers in three organizations. Moreover, this study contributes to existing models relating to marketing use by giving examples of the active translation process in which managers adopt the research to their specific challenges.

Walkability evaluation of building circulation based on user preference

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiqing Fu ◽  
Rui Liu ◽  
Carol K.H. Hon
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
User Preference ◽  
User Characteristics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeBuilding circulation has an important impact on human comfort of buildings and is one of the critical factors in building design. A quantitative walkability evaluation of building circulation can benefit both building design and operation. However, indoor walkability of building circulation is determined not only by objective path features but also by subjective user preference. How to incorporate the preference from a large group of users into the design process is still a challenging issue.Design/methodology/approachThis study proposes a participatory framework of indoor path walkability evaluation based on user preference. Hierarchical indicators are developed to objectively measure indoor path features. Furthermore, group decision-making theory is adopted to aggregate individual user preference into user common preference for determining the relative indicator weights. Finally, integrated walkability scores (IWSs) are calculated to evaluate indoor path walkability quantitatively.FindingsA total of three case scenarios demonstrate that the proposed evaluation framework provides an efficient way for designers and owners to measure user preference quantitatively, analyze building circulations based on user preference and compare the walkability of different building design schemes.Practical implicationsThe developed methods provide an efficient way for designers and owners to measure user preference quantitatively, analyze building circulations based on user preference and compare the walkability of different building design schemes.Originality/valueThis study develops a comprehensive and quantitative walkability evaluation approach that considers both objective path features and subjective user preference derived from user characteristics and walking purposes, which provides an effective way to incorporate user feedback into the building design process and operation.

Conceptual generalisation

Kybernetes ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 588-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Adriaenssen ◽  
Jon-Arild Johannessen
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Small Contribution ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Empirical Generalisation

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to make a small contribution to reflections on general methodology, not specific methods, in social science. Design/methodology/approach – Systemic methodology. Findings – First, schematic typology of six conceptual models. Second, typology for determining levels of abstraction for different models and degrees of generalisation. Third, typology for generalisation on the basis of a case study. Fourth, strategy for developing conceptual models. Research limitations/implications – Research falls into two main categories: conceptual generalisation and empirical generalisation. Conceptual generalisation is an investigation whereby the researcher uses other researchers’ empirical findings in conjunction with his or her own process of conceptualisation in order to generalise and identify a pattern. This contrasts with empirical generalisation, where the researcher investigates a phenomenon or problem that is apparent in the empirical data, and only thereafter generalises in the light of his or her own findings. Practical implications – A low level of understanding of conceptual generalisation among masters and PhD students. With this paper the authors try to change this perception among students. Originality/value – Developing a systemic methodology in order for students and university teachers to understand conceptual generalisations.

scholarly journals Public libraries in Switzerland: RDA and the FRBRization watershed

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 98-112
Author(s):  
Elisa Banfi ◽  
Arnaud Gaudinat
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Linguistic Structure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Face ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how Swiss public libraries are experiencing a normative revolution connected to new cataloging standards, such as RDA and the FRBRization of catalogs.Design/methodology/approachThanks to semi-structured interviews, the paper analyzes the current positioning of Swiss public libraries on the “bibliographic transition” issue by using a case study of the network of municipal libraries in Geneva.FindingsIn Switzerland, the federal and multi-linguistic structure of the library networks increases the organizational obstacles to the adoption of new cataloging principles and formats. At the local level, the Swiss municipal libraries have to cope with this complexity to transform their structures and continue to offer competitive and effective services to their users.Practical implicationsThe paper proposes six scenarios of technology watershed for the analyzed case study and their consequences for cataloging standards and rules.Social implicationsThe paper shows how the adoption of technological and conceptual innovations has to be done in the face of real organizational and administrative constraints, especially in the case of public lending libraries.Originality/valueThe paper analyzes at the empirical and theoretical levels how, especially in Switzerland, the variety of governance levels and linguistic areas have made strategizing more complex for public lending libraries.

Kaizen philosophy

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 296-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan A. Marin-Garcia ◽  
Amable Juarez-Tarraga ◽  
Cristina Santandreu-Mascarell
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Context Analysis ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Know How ◽  
Facilitators And Barriers ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to perform a context analysis about a specific Kaizen program, suggestion systems in permanent teams, and identified the barriers and facilitators that companies encounter while implementing them from the workers’ perspective. Design/methodology/approach The authors applied an inductive method, the Grounded Theory, to develop a specific context theory using the information that emerged from a convenience sample of 182 workers in several countries. Findings The facilitators and barriers identified for the workers in the field study are aligned with those identified in previous studies, generally obtained using information provided by managers. The methodology enabled us to identify the relationships between them and their level of relevance. Research limitations/implications The main limitations were linked with the source of the data as the authors worked with a convenience sample and only analyzed the information provided by the workers. Practical implications The identified facilitators, their relationships and their relevance, contribute to understand the functioning phenomena of suggestion systems in permanent teams to facilitate organizations using this continuous improvement program more effectively. Originality/value The originality of this study, apart from identifying facilitators from the workers’ perspective, is that the used method enabled us to identify the relationships between them and know how the operators perceived their relevance.

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