Does agricultural development affect environmental quality? The case of carbon dioxide emission in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Adjei Kwakwa ◽  
Vera Acheampong ◽  
Solomon Aboagye
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Ekc Hypothesis ◽  
Adjustment Programme ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Structural Adjustment Programme

PurposeAgricultural development still constitutes an integral part of Ghana's drive towards job creation, industrial development and economic growth with various growth policies placing the agricultural sector at the core. While there are likely environmental effects of agricultural activities, evidence in Ghana remains scanty. The study focused on examining, empirically, the effects of the development of the agricultural sector on carbon dioxide (CO2) emission in Ghana.Design/methodology/approachThe paper employed the Stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence and technology (STIRPAT) framework to test for the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis for agriculture and carbon dioxide emission as well as the effect that the changing structure of Ghana's agricultural development has on carbon dioxide emission for the 1971–2018 period. Regression analysis, variance decomposition and causality analysis were performed.FindingsThe regression results revealed a U-shaped relationship between agricultural development and carbon emission, implying a rejection of the EKC hypothesis between the two variables. In addition, the Structural Adjustment Programme was found to positively moderate the effect agriculture has on carbon emission.Practical implicationsThe study recommends the need for policy-makers to facilitate the large-scale adoption and use of modern technology and environmentally friendly agricultural methods.Originality/valueThe study is among the few works to assess the EKC hypothesis between agriculture and carbon dioxide emission in Africa. The direct and indirect effect of structural adjustment programme on carbon emission is estimated.

scholarly journals Le mythe d'un leadership nigérian dans les relations inter-africaines

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-368
Author(s):  
Emeka Nwokedi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Leadership Role ◽  
Regional Economic Integration ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Adjustment Programme ◽  
Structural Adjustment Programme ◽  
Conflict Mediation

Nigeria's leadership role in inter-African relations remains a myth despite the country's assertiveness in the areas of liberation, conflict mediation and regional economic integration. Rhetoric and posturing in inter-African diplomacy have become a substitute for reality. Furthermore, the weakness of the Nigerian domestic structure and the effects of the structural adjustment programme negate Nigerians capabilities to exert a leadership in inter-African diplomacy.

scholarly journals Forecasting Carbon Emissions with Dynamic Model Averaging Approach: Time-Varying Evidence from China

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Siqi Xu ◽  
Yifeng Zhang ◽  
Xiaodan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Model Averaging ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Dynamic Model Averaging

Although energy-related factors, such as energy intensity and energy consumption, are well recognized as major drivers of carbon dioxide emission in China, little is known about the time-varying impacts of other macrolevel nonenergy factors on carbon emission, especially those from macroeconomic, financial, household, and technology progress indicators in China. This paper contributes to the literature by investigating the time-varying predictive ability of 15 macrolevel indicators for China’s carbon dioxide emission from 1982 to 2017 with a dynamic model averaging (DMA) method. The empirical results show that, firstly, the explanatory power of each nonenergy predictor changes significantly with time and no predictor has a stable positive/negative impact on China’s carbon emissions throughout the whole sample period. Secondly, all these predictors present a distinct predictive ability for carbon emission in China. The proportion of industry production in GDP (IP) shows the greatest predictive power, while the proportion of FDI in GDP has the smallest forecasting ability. Interestingly, those Chinese household features, such as Engel’s coefficient and household savings rate, play very important roles in the prediction of China’s carbon emission. In addition, we find that IP are losing its predictive power in recent years, while the proportion of value-added of the service sector in GDP presents not only a leading forecasting weight, but a continuous increasing prediction power in recent years. Finally, the dynamic model averaging (DMA) method can produce the most accurate forecasts of carbon emission in China compared to other commonly used forecasting methods.

Minimum carbon dioxide emission based selection of traffic route with unsignalised junctions in tandem network

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 657-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand Jaiswal ◽  
Cherian Samuel ◽  
Chirag Chandan Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Queuing Theory ◽  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Arrival Rate ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Service Rate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fuel Consumption Rate ◽  
Route Choices

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a traffic route selection strategy based on minimum carbon dioxide (CO2) emission by vehicles over different route choices. Design/methodology/approach The study used queuing theory for Markovian M/M/1 model over the road junctions to assess total time spent over each of the junctions for a route with junctions in tandem. With parameters of distance, mean service rate at the junction, the number of junctions and fuel consumption rate, which is a function of variable average speed, the CO2 emission is estimated over each of the junction in tandem and collectively over each of the routes. Findings The outcome of the study is a mathematical formulation, using queuing theory to estimate CO2 emissions over different route choices. Research finding estimated total time spent and subsequent CO2 emission for mean arrival rates of vehicles at junctions in tandem. The model is validated with a pilot study, and the result shows the best vehicular route choice with minimum CO2 emissions. Research limitations/implications Proposed study is limited to M/M/1 model at each of the junction, with no defection of vehicles. The study is also limited to a constant mean arrival rate at each of the junction. Practical implications The work can be used to define strategies to route vehicles on different route choices to reduce minimum vehicular CO2 emissions. Originality/value Proposed work gives a solution for minimising carbon emission over routes with unsignalised junctions in the tandem network.

Economic Reforms and the People Sector

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
Ela R Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Adjustment Programme ◽  
Structural Adjustment Programme ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The People ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Considerable Discussion

In recent years⁄ there has been considerable discussion in India on Structural Adjustment Programme and its impact on the economy. However⁄ the moot question is whether restructuring efforts have benefited the ‘people sector’ that includes the workers who are informal⁄ unorganized, and selfemployed. Based on years of experience with SEWA, Ela Bhatt argues that most economic policies including the recent economic reforms have largely benefited the large corporate bodies and have completely ignored the poor and the women. According to her⁄ it is possible to benefit from the reforms if the focus of economic reforms is shifted to the micro level.

The Structural Adjustment Programme and the Elderly in Nigeria

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Ekpenyong
Keyword(s):  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Adjustment Programme ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Structural Adjustment Programme ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

The article analyzes the impact of recent economic changes accompanying the introduction of the Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) and ongoing cultural styles on the aged in Nigeria. It argues that during the one decade preceding the introduction of SAP in 1986, Nigeria experienced significant social and economic transformations made possible by the rise in oil prices in the 1970s. The introduction of SAP has also been accompanied by significant social, cultural, and economic changes. Here the effects of these changes on the situation of the elderly in Nigeria are examined using data pooled from observations and surveys in both the pre- and post-SAP years. Findings reveal that compared to the younger generations, the relative position of the elderly has not changed significantly, although the latter's position has deteriorated on dimensions such as access to economic and health resources. Regional and individual differentials in the situation of old people are significant during both the pre- and post-SAP era.

scholarly journals Whither Nigeria?

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
U. A. Igun
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Adjustment Programme ◽  
Structural Adjustment Programme ◽  
Alternative Framework ◽  
Philosophical Framework

This paper examines the philosophical framework of Nigeria’s Economic Empowerment and development Strategy (NEEDS), its desirability, and the efficacy of its strategies. It argues that its philosophy has its roots in the African Alternative Framework to the Structural Adjustment programme (AAFSAP). The author concludes, based on a number of scenarios that the effectiveness of the NEEDS strategies are doubtful.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document