scholarly journals A Strategic Approach for Existing Buildings to Withstand Climate Change

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
T. Valdbjørn Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Change In Mean

Buildings play a vital economic and social role in society and are vulnerable to climate change. This paper suggests a strategic approach for existing buildings to withstand climate change. It emphasises the most likely climate impacts, including the change in mean year values as well as the extent of maximum and minimum extremes, which are pointed out and set against a background of national and international agreements. Assumptions that form the basis for the scenarios are outlined and evaluated in a Danish context and similar evaluations can be drawn for other countries. As climate change progresses, the uncertainty of the scenarios leaves major challenges that will grow far more serious, if not addressed and taken into account in building design and into a strategy for the adaptation of existing buildings. An outline of the actions needed for developing a broad strategic approach to the adaptation to climate change for buildings is given. The actions include four stages: a survey of the performance, the impact of climate change, the vulnerability of the existing building stock and climate adaptation needs. This leads to the identification of a risk-based strategic framework for adaptation to climate change based on the results of a vulnerability analysis. In addition, this paper describes some issues that must be addressed in case a strategic approach is not developed, as the building sector is continuously investing in measures to adapt to climate change.

Promote Nature-Based Solutions to adapt the environment to climate change – The LIFE ARTISAN project

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Antoine Versini ◽  
Daniel Schertzer ◽  
Mathilde Loury
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Relevant Alternatives ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
The Impact

<p>Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) appear as some relevant alternatives to mitigate the consequences of climate change. For this reason, they are promoted for the implementation of the national plan for adaptation to climate change (PNACC) in France, in line with the Paris Agreement, the strategy of the European Union for adaptation to climate change and the French national strategy for biodiversity.</p><p>Nevertheless, this ambitious goal of democratizing NBS poses some institutional and technical challenges because many obstacles remain to their implementation. Overcoming these shortcomings is the objective of the LIFE integrated project called ARTISAN (Achieving Resiliency by Triggering Implementation of nature-based Solutions for climate Adaptation at a National scale). Coordinated by the French Biodiversity Office (OFB), its consortium regroups several local authorities, technical, research and education institutes.</p><p>For this purpose, ARTISAN is creating a framework promoting the implementation of NBS by improving scientific and technical knowledge about them, then by developing and disseminating relevant tools for project leaders (for the design, sizing, implementation and evaluation of ecosystem performance).</p><p>To demonstrate that NBS can respond to a diversity of climatic, ecological and institutional contexts, 10 pilot sites will be monitored in metropolitan and overseas France. The concerned issues are for example the reduction of urban heat island by the de-waterproofing of the public space, the limitation of the impact of cyclonic episodes on the urbanized coastline overseas by promoting the restoration of the mangrove, and the decrease of agricultural water stress during the low flow period by the hydromorphological restoration of wetlands. These pilot sites will serve to develop, improve and validate operational tools, methods and trainings devoted to practitioners.</p>

scholarly journals Crop adaptation to climate change as a consequence of long-term breeding

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rod J. Snowdon ◽  
Benjamin Wittkop ◽  
Tsu-Wei Chen ◽  
Andreas Stahl
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Stress Constraints ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Conventional Breeding ◽  
The Impact

AbstractMajor global crops in high-yielding, temperate cropping regions are facing increasing threats from the impact of climate change, particularly from drought and heat at critical developmental timepoints during the crop lifecycle. Research to address this concern is frequently focused on attempts to identify exotic genetic diversity showing pronounced stress tolerance or avoidance, to elucidate and introgress the responsible genetic factors or to discover underlying genes as a basis for targeted genetic modification. Although such approaches are occasionally successful in imparting a positive effect on performance in specific stress environments, for example through modulation of root depth, major-gene modifications of plant architecture or function tend to be highly context-dependent. In contrast, long-term genetic gain through conventional breeding has incrementally increased yields of modern crops through accumulation of beneficial, small-effect variants which also confer yield stability via stress adaptation. Here we reflect on retrospective breeding progress in major crops and the impact of long-term, conventional breeding on climate adaptation and yield stability under abiotic stress constraints. Looking forward, we outline how new approaches might complement conventional breeding to maintain and accelerate breeding progress, despite the challenges of climate change, as a prerequisite to sustainable future crop productivity.

Interdisciplinary collaboration and joint knowledge production in climate change adaptation in mountain regions in South Asia, Latin America and Switzerland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Huggel ◽  
Veruska Muccione ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Solution Space ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Joint Knowledge Production

<p>The level of already committed climate change implies massive impacts and risks to natural and human systems on the planet which probably have been underestimated so far, as recent research and science-policy assessments such as from the IPCC indicate. Scenarios with less stringent emission reduction pose even greater risks of partly unknown dimensions. Adaptation to climate change is therefore of critical importance, in particular for countries with low adaptive capacity where climate change can seriously undermine efforts for sustainable development. Mountains are among the hotspots of climate impacts and adaptation.</p><p>Climate adaptation is fundamentally an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary endeavor. Various sources of knowledge and perspectives need to be considered and integrated to produce actionable and solution-oriented knowledge. While experiences on joint knowledge production (JKP) has been increasing over recent years there is still missing clarity how to design and implement such a process in the context of climate adaptation.</p><p>Here we analyze experiences from a new initiative and network of climate adaptation in education and research with institutions from South Asia, the Andes and Central America, and Switzerland (knowledgeforclimate.net). Partners form a highly multi-disciplinary network with diverse cultural and institutional backgrounds which is both an important asset and challenge for interdisciplinary collaboration. A core of the collaboration are case studies conducted in all six countries in mountain contexts which are developed considering different disciplinary perspectives and represent the basis for both research and teaching. JKP takes place at different levels which need to be systematically and carefully analyzed. </p><p>We find that the processes of JKP are diverse, complex, and highly dependent on the interests and roles of actors within a network. To keep such processes alive, signposts in form of analysis and intermediary products along the network lifetime should be positioned as means of stocktaking and monitoring for the future.</p><p>We suggest that existing models of JKP need to be broadened to better accommodate the high diversity and non-linearity of JKP processes. JKP does not just happen as a product of interdisciplinary collaboration but needs continuous reflection, research, update and upgrade. Trust and a range of common interests among partners in the network have been identified as key aspects in the process. A particular challenge furthermore is to dedicate enough time and resources to the framing process but then clearly moving beyond into the action and solution space. Harmonizing different forms of knowledge pertinent to climate adaptation in mountains and harvesting the diversity while accepting possibly limited consensus is essential, yet, it is not a priori predictable where this balance lies.</p>

scholarly journals The regional governance of climate adaptation: A framework for developing legitimate, effective, and resilient governance arrangements

Climate Law ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catrien Termeer ◽  
Art Dewulf ◽  
Helena van Rijswick ◽  
Arwin van Buuren ◽  
Dave Huitema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Regional Governance ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
New Governance ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Governance Arrangements

Adaptation to climate change raises important governance issues. Notwithstanding the increasing attention on climate adaptation at the global and European level, the variety of local conditions and climate impacts points towards a prime role for regional actors in climate change adaptation. They face the challenge of developing and implementing adaptation options and increasing the adaptive capacity of regions so that expected or unexpected impacts of future climate change can be addressed. This paper presents a conceptual framework to analyse the regional governance of climate adaptation. It addresses the following key questions: (1) What are the distinct challenges for the regional governance of climate adaptation? (2) Which concepts can guide the design of new governance arrangements and strategies? (3) What challenges to legal principles are posed by the climate? (4) What research methods are suitable for developing and testing governance arrangements and strategies? We present a framework designed to address each of these questions; it has analytical, design, normative, and methodological components. In the paper, examples from the Dutch regional governance of climate adaptation serve as illustrations of the conceptual argumentation.

TOOLS FOR FINANCING ECOSYSTEM-BASED ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Yashkina
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Carbon Taxes ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Adaptation Measures

The article aims to determine the "portfolio" of financing ecosystem-based adaptation to climate change based on the analysis of traditional market instruments used to preserve, maintain and restore ecosystem services and biodiversity. The definition of ecosystem-based adaptation, its qualification criteria and elements of their application in contrast to traditional economic measures for biodiversity and nature conservation are revealed. The relevance of using ecosystem and nature-based approaches to adapt to climate change and reduce the risk of natural disasters given the increasing frequency of extreme weather events associated with climate change – severe droughts, floods, heatwaves, storms and other hazards are explored. Accordingly, the urgency of adaptation to climate-related risks and hazards in different economic sectors, e.g. agriculture, land use, fisheries, and natural components with a focus on the climate impacts prognosis for the European region, using effective and affordable measures with additional long term social and environmental benefits are explained. Trends and specific gaps in the international experience in financing climate adaptation measures are considered. The most common instruments for financing nature-based solutions and ecosystem-based adaptation to climate change, which are already used in world practice or have the potential of their practical implementation in various sectors, including environmental and carbon taxes, subsidies, tradable environmental permits, risk insurance, obligations, debt and equity instruments, as well as innovative forms of green loans, green bonds, and climate-related insurance types are systematized and represented. The specifics of financing such measures through international funds, development banks and European Union funds are considered. Possibilities of integrating financing of ecosystem-based adaptation to climate change to the current processes of climate change adaptation policy development of Ukraine, particularly in the context of performance of obligations under the Paris climate agreement, are considered.

scholarly journals Climate Change Adaptation in Coastal Cities: A Guidebook for Citizens, Public Officials and Planners

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Major ◽  
Sirkku K. Juhola
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Coastal Cities ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

This guidebook presents a framework for climate adaptation planning for coastal cities, large and small, focused on the central roles of citizens, public officials, and planners. The book is designed to help all stakeholders in coastal cities understand and develop effective adaptation measures in a sustainable way. Within a framework of eight key planning steps, guidance is provided for stakeholders in the adaptation process from initial assessments of climate impacts to final planning. The work sets out general principles and methods of adaptation to climate change for many types of coastal communities. Adaptation is seen throughout the work as a process that should take into account all coastal assets, including economic, environmental, social, cultural and historical assets, with due attention to disadvantaged communities. Among the adaptation elements covered in the book are: a review of the current climate situation; climate impacts and vulnerabilities; climate models and future scenarios; physical, economic, social and other characteristics of coastal cities and towns; the range of available adaptations, including management, infrastructure, and policy adaptations; evaluation of projects and programs; and working together to develop and finance adaptations. Numerous tables are presented to help organize information and guide planning, and examples of adaptation challenges and opportunities are provided from both developed and developing coastal cities and towns. The volume is copiously illustrated, with extensive up-to-date references to provide the reader with additional sources of information.

scholarly journals Adaptación autónoma al cambio climático: experiencias de emprendimientos rurales de Ecuador/ Autonomous adaptation to climate change: experiences of rural entrepreneurs in Ecuador

2018 ◽  
pp. 57-82
Author(s):  
Jhonny Villafuerte ◽  
Johanna Rodriguez ◽  
Katia Limones ◽  
Lewin Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Impact Measurement ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Autonomous Adaptation ◽  
Material Goods ◽  
Dialogue Process ◽  
The Impact

Este artículo tiene como objetivo fortalecer las capacidades de las comunidades rurales para la adaptación autónoma ante el cambio climático, mediante la socialización de las experiencias de Chumundé, Playa de Oro y San Miguel, en la provincia de Esmeraldas, Ecuador. Los informantes son 200 comuneros, quienes participan en un proceso de diálogo enfocado desde la etnografía social, a través de talleres participativos, entrevistas y encuestas. Se aplican el Modelo de Medición de Impactos de Echavarren y el Modelo de Adaptación Climática de la Comunidad Europea. Los resultados permiten inferir que la población de las comunidades ha logrado fortalecer sus capacidades para poner en marcha procesos autónomos de adaptación al cambio climático, mediante la dinámica del emprendimiento. El mayor avance es la puesta en marcha de los procesos en los ámbitos de protección de la salud y bienes materiales. Las debilidades a superar se vinculan al desconocimiento de normativas y a la falta de financiamiento para la prevención por parte del Gobierno local. Abstract This work aims to strengthen the capacities of rural communities for autonomous adaptation to climate change, through the socialization of the experiences of Chumundé, Playa de Oro and San Miguel, in the province of Esmeraldas, Ecuador. The informants are 200 people who participated in a dialogue process approached from Social Ethnography, through participatory workshops, interviews and surveys. The Impact Measurement Model of Echavarren and the European Community Climate Adaptation Model are applied. The results allow us to infer that the population of the communities has managed to strengthen their capacities to start autonomous processes of adaptation to climate change through the dynamics of entrepreneurship. The biggest advance is the implementation of processes in the fields of protection of health and material goods. The weaknesses to overcome are linked to the lack of knowledge regarding regulations, and the lack of finances destined for prevention by the local government.

Impact of extreme hydrological perturbation on sediment distribution from source to sink, PETM, Spain.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marine Prieur ◽  
Alexander C. Whittaker ◽  
Fritz Schlunegger ◽  
Tor O. Sømme ◽  
Jean Braun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Lead Author ◽  
Current Increase ◽  
Sediment Distribution ◽  
Current Climate ◽  
Source To Sink ◽  
The Impact

<p>Sedimentary dynamics and fluxes are influenced by both autogenic and allogenic forcings. A better understanding of the evolution of sedimentary systems through time and space requires us to decipher, and therefore to characterise, the impact of each of these on the Earth’s landscape. Given the current increase in the concentration of atmospheric carbon, studying the impact of rapid and global climate changes is of particular importance at the present time. Such events have been clearly defined in the geologic record. Among them, the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) has been extensively studied worldwide and represents a possible analogue of the rapid current climate warming.</p><p>The present project focuses on the Southern Pyrenees (Spain) where excellent exposures of the Paleocene-Eocene interval span a large range of depositional environments from continental to deep-marine. These conditions allow us to collect data along the whole depositional system in order to document changes in sediment fluxes and paleohydraulic conditions. Because hydrological conditions have an impact on sediment transport through hydrodynamics, paleoflow reconstructions can shed light on changes in sediment dynamics. This information is reconstructed from the statistical distributions of channel morphologies, characteristic system dimensions including bankfull channel depth and width, and grain-sizes.</p><p>With this approach, our aim is to provide both qualitative and quantitative assessments of the magnitude and extent of the perturbation of sedimentary fluxes along an entire source-to-sink system during an episode of extreme climate change. This will lead to a better understanding of the impact of abrupt climate change on earth surface systems in mid-latitudinal areas, with possible implications for current climate adaptation policy.</p><p>This research is carried out in the scope of the lead author’s PhD project and is part of the S2S-FUTURE European Marie Skłodowska-Curie ITN (Grant Agreement No 860383).</p>

scholarly journals Perceptions and Adaptations to Climate Change in Southern Mali

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiémoko Soumaoro
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to determine the impact of climate change on market garden production in the extreme south of Mali through the perception and adaptation of market gardeners to climatic phenomena. The study used two models, namely the probit selection and Heckman results models and multinomial logistic regression, based on data collected from producers. A total of 194 producers were surveyed. The results of Heckman's probit model indicate that experience in agriculture and the educational level of the producers are the two main determinants of producers' perception and simultaneous adaptation to climate change. Among these variables agricultural experience is both positively and negatively correlated with perception.

The scope for adaptation to climate change: what can we learn from the impact literature?

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard S.J. Tol ◽  
Samuel Fankhauser ◽  
Joel B. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
The Impact
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