Promote Nature-Based Solutions to adapt the environment to climate change – The LIFE ARTISAN project

Relevant Alternatives ◽

Institutional Contexts ◽

Research And Education ◽

Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) appear as some relevant alternatives to mitigate the consequences of climate change. For this reason, they are promoted for the implementation of the national plan for adaptation to climate change (PNACC) in France, in line with the Paris Agreement, the strategy of the European Union for adaptation to climate change and the French national strategy for biodiversity.Nevertheless, this ambitious goal of democratizing NBS poses some institutional and technical challenges because many obstacles remain to their implementation. Overcoming these shortcomings is the objective of the LIFE integrated project called ARTISAN (Achieving Resiliency by Triggering Implementation of nature-based Solutions for climate Adaptation at a National scale). Coordinated by the French Biodiversity Office (OFB), its consortium regroups several local authorities, technical, research and education institutes.For this purpose, ARTISAN is creating a framework promoting the implementation of NBS by improving scientific and technical knowledge about them, then by developing and disseminating relevant tools for project leaders (for the design, sizing, implementation and evaluation of ecosystem performance).To demonstrate that NBS can respond to a diversity of climatic, ecological and institutional contexts, 10 pilot sites will be monitored in metropolitan and overseas France. The concerned issues are for example the reduction of urban heat island by the de-waterproofing of the public space, the limitation of the impact of cyclonic episodes on the urbanized coastline overseas by promoting the restoration of the mangrove, and the decrease of agricultural water stress during the low flow period by the hydromorphological restoration of wetlands. These pilot sites will serve to develop, improve and validate operational tools, methods and trainings devoted to practitioners.

Crop adaptation to climate change as a consequence of long-term breeding

Theoretical and Applied Genetics ◽

10.1007/s00122-020-03729-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Rod J. Snowdon ◽

Benjamin Wittkop ◽

Tsu-Wei Chen ◽

Andreas Stahl

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Adaptation ◽

Major Gene ◽

Stress Constraints ◽

Crop Productivity ◽

Yield Stability ◽

Conventional Breeding ◽

AbstractMajor global crops in high-yielding, temperate cropping regions are facing increasing threats from the impact of climate change, particularly from drought and heat at critical developmental timepoints during the crop lifecycle. Research to address this concern is frequently focused on attempts to identify exotic genetic diversity showing pronounced stress tolerance or avoidance, to elucidate and introgress the responsible genetic factors or to discover underlying genes as a basis for targeted genetic modification. Although such approaches are occasionally successful in imparting a positive effect on performance in specific stress environments, for example through modulation of root depth, major-gene modifications of plant architecture or function tend to be highly context-dependent. In contrast, long-term genetic gain through conventional breeding has incrementally increased yields of modern crops through accumulation of beneficial, small-effect variants which also confer yield stability via stress adaptation. Here we reflect on retrospective breeding progress in major crops and the impact of long-term, conventional breeding on climate adaptation and yield stability under abiotic stress constraints. Looking forward, we outline how new approaches might complement conventional breeding to maintain and accelerate breeding progress, despite the challenges of climate change, as a prerequisite to sustainable future crop productivity.

A Strategic Approach for Existing Buildings to Withstand Climate Change

Open House International ◽

10.1108/ohi-04-2012-b0009 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

pp. 81-88

Author(s):

T. Valdbjørn Rasmussen

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Adaptation ◽

Building Design ◽

Climate Impacts ◽

Existing Buildings ◽

Building Stock ◽

Strategic Approach ◽

The Impact ◽

Change In Mean

Buildings play a vital economic and social role in society and are vulnerable to climate change. This paper suggests a strategic approach for existing buildings to withstand climate change. It emphasises the most likely climate impacts, including the change in mean year values as well as the extent of maximum and minimum extremes, which are pointed out and set against a background of national and international agreements. Assumptions that form the basis for the scenarios are outlined and evaluated in a Danish context and similar evaluations can be drawn for other countries. As climate change progresses, the uncertainty of the scenarios leaves major challenges that will grow far more serious, if not addressed and taken into account in building design and into a strategy for the adaptation of existing buildings. An outline of the actions needed for developing a broad strategic approach to the adaptation to climate change for buildings is given. The actions include four stages: a survey of the performance, the impact of climate change, the vulnerability of the existing building stock and climate adaptation needs. This leads to the identification of a risk-based strategic framework for adaptation to climate change based on the results of a vulnerability analysis. In addition, this paper describes some issues that must be addressed in case a strategic approach is not developed, as the building sector is continuously investing in measures to adapt to climate change.

Regeneration of urban and post-industrial areas within the context of adaptation to climate change – the Polish perspective

Urban Development Issues ◽

10.1515/udi-2017-0002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 21-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Justyna Gorgoń

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Policy Development ◽

Urban Policy ◽

The European Union ◽

Urban Issues ◽

Post Industrial ◽

AbstractAdaptation to climate change has become an important element of urban policy development in the member states of the European Union. These issues are dealt with in EU documents, as well as in national and local strategies and city adaptation plans. In Poland, the challenge of preparing for climate change has been presented in the Strategic Adaptation Plan for Sectors and Areas Sensitive to Climate Change in Poland within the Perspective of 2030 referring to sectors and areas sensitive to the impact of climate change. Adaptation to climate change is a key element in creating spatial policy for cities and urbanised areas at different levels. One of the most important issues of this policy is the quality of the renovated urban areas and its role in connecting-up and strengthening adaptation capacity. Among the strategic areas indicated in the above-mentioned document, there is also urban policy taking climate change into consideration. One of the selected problem areas relating to the development of urban policy is the renewal and strengthening of the development potential of towns and cities via the regeneration of degraded urban areas and post-industrial land in cities. Both local authorities, entities whose professional role is to deal with urban issues, and the inhabitants of urbanised areas face a twofold challenge. This consists of enhancing the quality of urban areas via regeneration and strengthening the city’s potential for adaptation. That is why it is extremely important to notice the interconnections and opportunities provided by urban renewal and regeneration programmes and projects in the context of adaptation to climate change. Synergy of activities in those two areas of urban policy may bring about very measurable benefits and may enable a cohesive solution to be adopted with regard to many crucial environmental, social, and economic problems.

The Green Infrastructure in Cities as A Tool for Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation: Slovakian and Polish Experiences

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos10090552 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 552 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ingrid Belčáková ◽

Małgorzata Świąder ◽

Małgorzata Bartyna-Zielińska

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Land Use ◽

Green Infrastructure ◽

Climate Adaptation ◽

Infrastructure Development ◽

The European Union ◽

Land Use Types ◽

Quality Life ◽

Adaptation And Mitigation

Climate change could be seen as a 21st century phenomenon. This topic has been taken up equally by professionals as well as the general public. Adaptation and mitigation actions are needed, especially in cities where the concentration of population and an increased demand for resources (e.g., water, food, land) are expected in the coming years. Already, 400 cities have been declared to be in a “climate emergency” state. There are no longer any doubts that current environmental state requires actions and solutions for both the alarming climate situation and urban quality life development. If such action is not going to be taken, the environmental state will deteriorate. One possible solution could be the use of green infrastructure. This research compares approaches to green areas and green infrastructure development in Bratislava (Slovakia) and Wrocław (Poland). A comparison was made for projects realized between 2013 and 2018—i.e., since the publication of the European Union (EU) Strategy on Adaptation to Climate Change in 2013. The research presents an overview of delivered projects regarding land use. The overview, which is supported by a density map of implemented green projects, verifies whether the new greenery fits and fills in the existing natural areas. Secondly, the green projects were analyzed according to years and land use types using Tableau software. Moreover, the legislation of climate adaptation mechanisms and practical aspects of green infrastructure implementation are shown. Finally, actions concerning the greening of the cities were categorized into practical, educational, and participatory ones, and the potential of green infrastructure as a positive landscape, micro-climate, health, and aesthetic influence was examined.

Adaptación autónoma al cambio climático: experiencias de emprendimientos rurales de Ecuador/ Autonomous adaptation to climate change: experiences of rural entrepreneurs in Ecuador

Letras Verdes Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Socioambientales ◽

10.17141/letrasverdes.24.2018.3273 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 57-82

Author(s):

Jhonny Villafuerte ◽

Johanna Rodriguez ◽

Katia Limones ◽

Lewin Pérez

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Rural Communities ◽

Climate Adaptation ◽

Measurement Model ◽

Impact Measurement ◽

Autonomous Adaptation ◽

Material Goods ◽

Dialogue Process ◽

Este artículo tiene como objetivo fortalecer las capacidades de las comunidades rurales para la adaptación autónoma ante el cambio climático, mediante la socialización de las experiencias de Chumundé, Playa de Oro y San Miguel, en la provincia de Esmeraldas, Ecuador. Los informantes son 200 comuneros, quienes participan en un proceso de diálogo enfocado desde la etnografía social, a través de talleres participativos, entrevistas y encuestas. Se aplican el Modelo de Medición de Impactos de Echavarren y el Modelo de Adaptación Climática de la Comunidad Europea. Los resultados permiten inferir que la población de las comunidades ha logrado fortalecer sus capacidades para poner en marcha procesos autónomos de adaptación al cambio climático, mediante la dinámica del emprendimiento. El mayor avance es la puesta en marcha de los procesos en los ámbitos de protección de la salud y bienes materiales. Las debilidades a superar se vinculan al desconocimiento de normativas y a la falta de financiamiento para la prevención por parte del Gobierno local. Abstract This work aims to strengthen the capacities of rural communities for autonomous adaptation to climate change, through the socialization of the experiences of Chumundé, Playa de Oro and San Miguel, in the province of Esmeraldas, Ecuador. The informants are 200 people who participated in a dialogue process approached from Social Ethnography, through participatory workshops, interviews and surveys. The Impact Measurement Model of Echavarren and the European Community Climate Adaptation Model are applied. The results allow us to infer that the population of the communities has managed to strengthen their capacities to start autonomous processes of adaptation to climate change through the dynamics of entrepreneurship. The biggest advance is the implementation of processes in the fields of protection of health and material goods. The weaknesses to overcome are linked to the lack of knowledge regarding regulations, and the lack of finances destined for prevention by the local government.

Planning the Urban Waterfront Transformation, from Infrastructures to Public Space Design in a Sea-Level Rise Scenario: The European Union Prize for Contemporary Architecture Case

Water ◽

10.3390/w13020218 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 218

Author(s):

Francesca Dal Cin ◽

Fransje Hooimeijer ◽

Maria Matos Silva

Keyword(s):

Public Space ◽

Sea Level ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Public Spaces ◽

The European Union ◽

Space Design ◽

Urban Waterfront ◽

Mies Van Der Rohe ◽

Future sea-level rises on the urban waterfront of coastal and riverbanks cities will not be uniform. The impact of floods is exacerbated by population density in nearshore urban areas, and combined with land conversion and urbanization, the vulnerability of coastal towns and public spaces in particular is significantly increased. The empirical analysis of a selected number of waterfront projects, namely the winners of the Mies Van Der Rohe Prize, highlighted the different morphological characteristics of public spaces, in relation to the approximation to the water body: near the shoreline, in and on water. The critical reading of selected architectures related to water is open to multiple insights, allowing to shift the design attention from the building to the public space on the waterfronts. The survey makes it possible to delineate contemporary features and lay the framework for urban development in coastal or riverside areas.

Impact of extreme hydrological perturbation on sediment distribution from source to sink, PETM, Spain.

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-7032 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marine Prieur ◽

Alexander C. Whittaker ◽

Fritz Schlunegger ◽

Tor O. Sømme ◽

Jean Braun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Adaptation ◽

Global Climate ◽

Depositional Environments ◽

Lead Author ◽

Current Increase ◽

Sediment Distribution ◽

Current Climate ◽

Source To Sink ◽

Sedimentary dynamics and fluxes are influenced by both autogenic and allogenic forcings. A better understanding of the evolution of sedimentary systems through time and space requires us to decipher, and therefore to characterise, the impact of each of these on the Earth&#8217;s landscape. Given the current increase in the concentration of atmospheric carbon, studying the impact of rapid and global climate changes is of particular importance at the present time. Such events have been clearly defined in the geologic record. Among them, the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) has been extensively studied worldwide and represents a possible analogue of the rapid current climate warming.The present project focuses on the Southern Pyrenees (Spain) where excellent exposures of the Paleocene-Eocene interval span a large range of depositional environments from continental to deep-marine. These conditions allow us to collect data along the whole depositional system in order to document changes in sediment fluxes and paleohydraulic conditions. Because hydrological conditions have an impact on sediment transport through hydrodynamics, paleoflow reconstructions can shed light on changes in sediment dynamics. This information is reconstructed from the statistical distributions of channel morphologies, characteristic system dimensions including bankfull channel depth and width, and grain-sizes.With this approach, our aim is to provide both qualitative and quantitative assessments of the magnitude and extent of the perturbation of sedimentary fluxes along an entire source-to-sink system during an episode of extreme climate change. This will lead to a better understanding of the impact of abrupt climate change on earth surface systems in mid-latitudinal areas, with possible implications for current climate adaptation policy.This research is carried out in the scope of the lead author&#8217;s PhD project and is part of the S2S-FUTURE European Marie Sk&#322;odowska-Curie ITN (Grant Agreement No 860383).

Perceptions and Adaptations to Climate Change in Southern Mali

10.20944/preprints202103.0353.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tiémoko Soumaoro

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Educational Level ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Probit Model ◽

Impact Of Climate Change ◽

Main Determinants ◽

This study aims to determine the impact of climate change on market garden production in the extreme south of Mali through the perception and adaptation of market gardeners to climatic phenomena. The study used two models, namely the probit selection and Heckman results models and multinomial logistic regression, based on data collected from producers. A total of 194 producers were surveyed. The results of Heckman's probit model indicate that experience in agriculture and the educational level of the producers are the two main determinants of producers' perception and simultaneous adaptation to climate change. Among these variables agricultural experience is both positively and negatively correlated with perception.

The scope for adaptation to climate change: what can we learn from the impact literature?

Global Environmental Change ◽

10.1016/s0959-3780(98)00004-1 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 109-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 93

Author(s):

Richard S.J. Tol ◽

Samuel Fankhauser ◽

Joel B. Smith

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate change adaptation and precarity across the rural–urban divide in Cambodia: Towards a ‘climate precarity’ approach

Environment and Planning E Nature and Space ◽

10.1177/2514848619858155 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 899-921 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Nithya Natarajan ◽

Katherine Brickell ◽

Laurie Parsons

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Political Economy ◽

Climate Change Adaptation ◽

Climate Adaptation ◽

Structural Constraints ◽

Small Farmers ◽

Relations Of Power ◽

Geographical Context ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

An emerging body of work has critiqued the concept of climate adaptation, highlighting the structural constraints impeding marginalised communities across the Global South from being able to adapt. This article builds on such work through analysis of debt-bonded brick workers in Cambodia, formerly small farmers. It argues that the detrimental impacts of climate change experienced by farmers-turned-workers across the rural – urban divide is due to their precarity. In doing so, this article draws on a conceptualisation of precarity which recognises it as emerging from the specific political economy of Cambodia, and as something that is neither new, nor confined to conditions of labour alone. As such, in looking to precarity as a means of conceptualising the relations of power which shape impacts of climate change, we advance a ‘climate precarity’ lens as a means of understanding how adaptation to climate change is an issue of power, rooted in a specific geographical context, and mobile over the rural–urban divide.