Asia-Pacific powers will cooperate against China’s BRI

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Supply Chain Resilience ◽  
Energy Projects ◽  
Belt And Road

Significance The memorandum also references cooperation in digital connectivity and supply chain resilience in the Indo-Pacific, Middle East, Africa, the Western Hemisphere and Central and Eastern Europe. This is an implicit challenge to China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Impacts Washington will take a more confrontational approach to the BRI, and Tokyo a more conciliatory one. Australia will deepen its involvement in joint projects with Japan and the United States, particularly in the South Pacific. Japan has been skilful in forming bilateral infrastructure partnerships with Quad countries, but is wary of a formal Quad partnership. To lower the temperature, Japan also partners with China on some joint projects, such as a railway in Thailand. US-Japan cooperation on overseas energy projects aims to curb their rivalry in this sector and improve competitiveness against China.

Western pushback against China will increase

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
The West ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive View ◽  
Downward Spiral ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Public Views ◽  
The Belt And Road

Significance Senior US officials see Communist-led China as the foremost threat to the United States. The Trump administration’s campaign against it spans the spectrum of government actions: criticism; tariffs; sanctions; regulatory crackdowns; military intimidation; support for Taiwan; and restrictions on imports, exports, investment and visas. Impacts Beijing will have little success in driving a wedge between Washington and its major Western allies. The West is unlikely to produce a convincing alternative to the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Negative public views of China incentivise China-bashing by politicians, which in turn feeds negative public opinion in a downward spiral. Beijing will persist in its efforts to encourage a more positive view of China among Western publics.

scholarly journals From “Asia Pacific” to “Indo Pacific”: The Adjustment of American Asia Pacific Strategy from the Perspective of Critical Geopolitics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng Xianghong ◽  
Zhang Shaowen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Great Power ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Critical Geopolitics ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The U.S

After taking office, the Trump administration has shifted the U.S. strategy in the Asia Pacific region from “Asia Pacific” to “Indo-Pacific”. This paper attempts to start with critical geopolitics, compare the “Asia Pacific” strategy of the United States with the “Indo-Pacific” strategy, and investigate the changes and dynamics of the geopolitical imagination of the United States in the Asia-Pacific region. Through the investigation, it can be found that the strategic transformation from “Asia-Pacific” to “Indo-Pacific” reflects the transformation of the U.S. strategy towards China from “L-shaped defense” to “half-mouth encirclement”, as well as the Trump government’s attempt to rebuild the U.S. hegemony in various fields through all-round competition, reshape its identity and confidence as a great power by changing its self-identity and consolidating and expanding the alliance of Western style liberal democratic countries by looking for strategic fulcrum to reconstruct the strategic demands of the key geopolitical space. After Biden’s administration took office, it has inherited and strengthened the Trump administration’s “Indo-Pacific” strategy, which means that the strategic game between the United States and China in the “Indo-Pacific” region and even the global stage will continue for a long time. In order to safeguard China’s national interests and effectively respond to the “Indo-Pacific” strategy, China should enhance its influence and maintain the mentality as a great power, adopt social creation strategies to seek identity and recognition, and make plans based on the “Belt and Road Initiative”, “Polar Silk Road”, “Belt and Road Initiative” and other initiatives; if pushed forward smoothly, it will effectively crack down on the U.S.’s attempt to contain China through the “Indo-Pacific” strategy.

US TPP implementation faces major hurdles in Congress

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Free Trade Agreements ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Content Type ◽  
White House ◽  
Us Government ◽  
Key Industry

Significance The Obama administration faces an uphill fight in Congress to secure enough votes for TPP ratification, given Democratic suspicions of free trade agreements, Republican animus for the White House and the frustrations of key industry groups in the United States. The United States can in effect veto the TPP's international implementation, while the White House's 'Asia pivot' policy relies partly on firmer trade ties with East and South-east Asia. Impacts The battle over TPP will likely divert political capital and US government resources from the TTIP negotiations. China may benefit diplomatically in the Asia-Pacific if the United States blocks TPP from coming into force. The trade debate may spill over to greater US legislative attention on currency manipulation issues ahead of 2017.

scholarly journals Global Dissemination ofblaKPCinto Bacterial Species beyond Klebsiella pneumoniae andIn VitroSusceptibility to Ceftazidime-Avibactam and Aztreonam-Avibactam

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 4490-4500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystyna M. Kazmierczak ◽  
Douglas J. Biedenbach ◽  
Meredith Hackel ◽  
Sharon Rabine ◽  
Boudewijn L. M. de Jonge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Problem

ABSTRACTTheKlebsiella pneumoniaecarbapenemase (KPC), first described in the United States in 1996, is now a widespread global problem in several Gram-negative species. A worldwide surveillance study collected Gram-negative pathogens from 202 global sites in 40 countries during 2012 to 2014 and determined susceptibility to β-lactams and other class agents by broth microdilution testing. Molecular mechanisms of β-lactam resistance among carbapenem-nonsusceptibleEnterobacteriaceaeandPseudomonas aeruginosawere determined using PCR and sequencing. Genes encoding KPC enzymes were found in 586 isolates from 22 countries (76 medical centers), including countries in the Asia-Pacific region (32 isolates), Europe (264 isolates), Latin America (210 isolates), and the Middle East (19 isolates, Israel only) and the United States (61 isolates). The majority of isolates wereK. pneumoniae(83.4%); however, KPC was detected in 13 additional species. KPC-2 (69.6%) was more common than KPC-3 (29.5%), with regional variation observed. A novel KPC variant, KPC-18 (KPC-3[V8I]), was identified during the study. Few antimicrobial agents tested remained effectivein vitroagainst KPC-producing isolates, with ceftazidime-avibactam (MIC90, 4 μg/ml), aztreonam-avibactam (MIC90, 0.5 μg/ml), and tigecycline (MIC90, 2 μg/ml) retaining the greatest activity againstEnterobacteriaceaecocarrying KPC and other β-lactamases, whereas colistin (MIC90, 2 μg/ml) demonstrated the greatestin vitroactivity against KPC-positiveP. aeruginosa. This analysis of surveillance data demonstrated that KPC is widely disseminated. KPC was found in multiple species ofEnterobacteriaceaeandP. aeruginosaand has now become a global problem.

US and EU agencies may push against Gulf airlines

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Airline Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Us Government ◽  
International Airline

Subject Prospects for government intervention in the airline industry. Significance The leading Gulf airlines -- Emirates, Qatar and Etihad -- have risen rapidly over the last decade to become major players in the world air transport business. This has been at the expense of long-haul carriers in the United States, Europe and Asia-Pacific. US and European airlines are demanding action that could threaten liberalisation of the international airline industry. Impacts Neither the US government nor EU authorities are likely to unravel the network of international air transport agreements. Yet both Democratic and Republican politicians will be sensitive to demands from core constituencies. Further airline industry liberalisation and growth of Gulf based airlines may therefore be delayed.

US-Cuba thaw will raise hopes of extractives boost

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Energy Projects ◽  
Operational Practices ◽  
Capital Injections

Subject Cuba extractive opportunities. Significance US President Barack Obama's recent visit to Cuba has increased hopes of an economic recovery in the isolated island nation. Cuba is said to have almost 250 mining and energy projects in need of investors and is experiencing a sudden, but modest, investment boost thanks to its rapprochement with the United States. Impacts The prospect of the embargo being lifted could encourage more foreign companies to invest now to beat a possible rush. The end of the embargo would be a boon for Canadian mining firms, facilitating investment, operations and sales. While some firms may sell their Cuban operations, others will see capital injections from US companies. Operational practices will face closer scrutiny, necessitating increased investment in raising standards.

China–Israel Relations: Past, Present and Prospect

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (04) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Zhiqun ZHU
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Middle East ◽  
The United States ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

China needs assistance as it restructures and upgrades its economy. Israel fits the bill as a global powerhouse in technologies and innovation. Besides, China considers Israel a potential node in the Belt and Road Initiative. The United States is concerned about China’s growing investments in key Israeli infrastructure and expanding influence in the Middle East. Israel, like other third parties, is caught between the United States and China as US–China rivalry intensifies.

US-China competition will create Middle East dilemmas

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
The United States ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Key Sectors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

Significance The Middle East has long been polarised between US allies and enemies, while Beijing has historically retained a comparatively smaller footprint and rejected taking sides in regional political and security disputes. However, its economic interests are increasing. Impacts The United States will maintain a comparative advantage from its long history of political, military and economic cooperation in the region. Beijing could leverage its control over large industrial conglomerates in key sectors such as energy, infrastructure and biotechnology. The Belt and Road Initiative will be an attractive project for all Middle Eastern countries, maximising their geographical advantages.

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