scholarly journals Does live broadcasting reduce stadium attendance? The case of Norwegian football

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morten Kringstad ◽  
Harry Arne Solberg ◽  
Tor Georg Jakobsen
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Substitution Effect ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Content Type ◽  
European Football ◽  
Live Broadcast ◽  
Fixed Effects Regression ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Attendance at matches in the smaller European football leagues is challenged by the increased number of live broadcast matches, particularly covering the biggest leagues. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the effects of live broadcasting, match scheduling and other factors on stadium attendance in the top division of Norwegian football. Design/methodology/approach The analysis is based on a fixed effects regression model on attendance at match levels covering the period 2005 to 2011. Findings The main results show two different effects. While live broadcast domestic matches on “free TV” is positively correlated to stadium attendance, the increased number of “imported” matches from the big-five leagues is a substitute. Moreover, matches played on weekdays have a lower level of attendance than weekend matches. Practical implications The increased number of imported live broadcast football matches from the biggest European leagues influences and widens the financial gap between the biggest and the smaller football leagues. One possible solution for reducing the substitution effect from these matches is a more efficient match schedule in the Norwegian top division in football. Originality/value Norway has a small population with a high interest for football. This paper measures effects on attendance in the Norwegian top division in football matches with regards to the increased number of live broadcast matches both from the domestic league and from the big five football leagues.

scholarly journals From the Big Five to the Big Four? Exploring extinction accounting for the rhinoceros

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 674-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill Atkins ◽  
Warren Maroun ◽  
Barry Colin Atkins ◽  
Elisabetta Barone
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
International Union ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Current State ◽  
Big Four ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Corporate Disclosures

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore a possible framework for extinction accounting which builds on but also extends significantly the existing GRI guidelines relating to species identified by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature Red List as under threat of extinction. Design/methodology/approach The paper analyses disclosures relating to rhinoceros conservation and protection produced by top South African-listed companies in order to assess the current state of “extinction accounting”. Following this analysis, the authors explore and discuss a potential framework for extinction accounting which may be used by companies to demonstrate their accountability for species and disclose the ways in which they are working alone, and in partnerships, to prevent species extinction. Findings Corporate disclosures relating to rhinoceros may be interpreted as emancipatory. The authors identify several disclosure themes dealing with rhinoceros in integrated and sustainability reports of large South African companies and on their websites. Contrary to initial expectations, there is evidence to suggest corporate awareness of the importance of addressing the risk of this species becoming extinct. Research limitations/implications The authors have relied on public corporate disclosures and would like to extend the work further to include interview data for a further paper. Practical implications An extinction accounting framework may be applied to corporate accounting and accountability for any species under threat of extinction. The framework may also be considered for use as a tool for institutional investors as well as NGO engagement and dialogue with stakeholder companies. Social implications The rhinoceros has, from the analysis, significant cultural, heritage, eco-tourism and intrinsic value. Developing and implementing an emancipatory extinction accounting framework to prevent extinction will have a substantial social and environmental impact. Originality/value This is the first attempt to the knowledge to explore accounting for extinction and a possible extinction accounting framework. It is also the first attempt to investigate accounting and accountability for the rhinoceros.

How the peer-to-peer market for tourist accommodation has responded to COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Benítez-Aurioles
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Public Managers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tourist Accommodation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This study aims to analyze the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on the peer-to-peer (p2p) market for tourist accommodation. Design/methodology/approach Using monthly panel data from Airbnb listings in 22 cities worldwide, the authors run a differences-in-differences analysis comparing the period of February–October 2020 to the previous year. Findings Besides a decline in accommodation supply, the pandemic made prices and demand fall in all cities significantly, after controlling for room characteristics, host traits, booking policies and individual fixed effects. There is also evidence of an alteration of the influence on prices of certain variables such as superhost and instant booking. Research limitations/implications The main limitations are related to the reference spatial and temporal environment. Besides, the samples are limited to listings that stayed before and after the pandemic; therefore, it is possible that the real effect on review growth and/or prices is actually more negative. Practical implications The analysis performed shows a scenario that represents an opportunity for public managers to test more imaginative regulations that overcome the limitations of those implemented so far. Likewise, hosts who aspire to make their accommodations profitable must adapt to the conditions imposed by the economic environment of the cities in which they operate. Originality/value This is the first study to econometrically estimate the impact of COVID-19 on prices in the p2p market for tourist accommodation in a set of cities worldwide.

Analysts’ optimism and stock crash risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-343
Author(s):  
Hyunkwon Cho ◽  
Robert Kim
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Stock Return ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Crash Risk ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Shed Light

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether analysts’ optimism affects the stock crash risk. Design/methodology/approach The sample covers 49,246 firm-year observations for the period between 1995 and 2015. The authors use OLS regressions with firm and year fixed effects for analyses. Findings The study finds that there is a positive association between analysts’ optimism and stock crash risk. Such a positive impact is more pronounced for firms with opaque information environment and for analysts who are considered ex ante credible. Research limitations/implications The results indicate that analysts’ optimism can be an important source of stock crash risk. Practical implications The findings can be useful for informational users of analyst reports. Given that information provided by analysts might have negative consequences, the empirical results can be useful in assessing future stock return behaviors. Originality/value This paper has the potential to shed light on the large literature of crash risk. Prior studies suggest that crash is driven by the agency tension between shareholders and managers. It remains possible that crashes could be caused by overpriced stocks in the absence of bad news hoarding. The paper investigates crash from a perspective, financial analysts, that is underexplored.

What is a good worker? Non-cognitive skills and trade microenterprises’ success

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 986-1003
Author(s):  
Edgar P. Alva
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the principal qualities that define a good worker for microenterprises of the trade sector according to the contemporary literature of the human capital and associated with the Big Five personality traits. It also determines the effect of those skills over the success of trade microenterprises in the context of a developing country. Design/methodology/approach A total of 393 owners/managers of microenterprises located in six trade zones of Lima district in Peru were involved in this study. They were randomly selected and asked to answer a survey of perceptions about the microenterprise’s performance and workers’ behavior. Findings The results demonstrate that workers that possess mainly non-cognitive skills would be considered as good workers for trade microenterprises. These skills are associated with four of the Big Five personality traits: extraversion, agreeableness, openness or autonomy and conscientiousness. Also, the results show that punctuality, honesty and assertiveness, associated with the traits such as extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness, are the principal non-cognitive skills that impact positively over microenterprises’ success. Research limitations/implications The performance of workers is only based on owners/managers’ perceptions. Practical implications The owners/managers’ role is important to help workers to develop the necessary skills that can contribute to the microenterprise. In that sense, if the direct contact that exists between them is leveraged, owners/managers could implement strategies such as mentoring to promote the personal and professional growth of their workers. Originality/value This study provides useful information about how specific non-cognitive skills of workers can contribute to the success of trade microenterprises in developing countries like Peru.

scholarly journals The influence of a mortgage interest and capital deduction policy on house prices

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 563-577
Author(s):  
Wouter Vangeel ◽  
Laurens Defau ◽  
Lieven De Moor
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Housing Prices ◽  
Housing Price ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mortgage Interest ◽  
Price Determinants ◽  
Fixed Effects Regression

PurposeSince 2005, Belgian housing prices have strongly increased. As the timing coincides with the implementation of a new fiscal package in order to stimulate homeownership, our study attempts to provide an understanding whether the mortgage interest and capital deduction (MICPD) policy has had the side-effect of increasing housing prices while, at the same time, controlling for key housing price determinants.Design/methodology/approachA fixed-effects regression model is used on a panel dataset of the three Belgian regions over the period 1995–2015.FindingsEstimations are carried out separately for different house types, being useful as our empirical analysis ascertains a significant price-increasing effect for ordinary houses and apartments but a significant price-reducing effect for villas. In addition, we find, among other things, that interest rates' influence has been less substantial than commonly thought.Originality/valueThese results are relevant for all governments willing to stimulate homeownership through fiscal stimuli.

The Baldrige Award’s falling fortunes

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1972-1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Cook ◽  
Weiyong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Substitution Effect ◽  
Iso 9000 ◽  
Performance Excellence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Management Fashion ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore two explanations for the Baldrige Award’s decline. The management fashion literature suggests that it is a waning management fad, and the marketing choice literature suggests the likely presence of an ISO 9000 substitution effect. Design/methodology/approach This exploratory study utilizes data collected on Baldridge Award applications, publications, ISO 9000 certifications and economic indicators. These data are contrasted to explore patterns and trends, and correlation analyses conducted to reveal the plausibility of the fad and substitution effect explanations for the Baldrige Award’s decline. Findings Data analysis confirms the Baldrige Award’s prolonged decline and strongly suggests it is in the final stage of a management fashion life cycle with support provided for the presence of an ISO 9000 substitution effect. Research limitations/implications Many organizations have shifted their attention away from the Baldrige as a means to quality and performance excellence, and there is evidence that the ISO 9000 standards are a viable substitute. Practical implications The Baldrige Program has served its purpose with the Baldrige Award being the pinnacle of recognition for performance excellence achievement. However, the Award is in decline and the Baldrige Program is on a path to financial exigency. The Baldrige must be reframed to recover its role as the preeminent approach to performance excellence. Originality/value The paper satisfies the need to examine potential causes for the diminishing role of the Baldrige Award and challenges both academicians and practitioners to reexamine the Baldrige Program.

Still accentuating the positive

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 22-24
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Perceived Performance ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach – This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings – Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that employees’ PsyCap is related to their perceived performance, turnover intention, work happiness and subjective well-being, even after controlling for the Big Five personality traits. Practical implications – The paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations. Original/value – The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

scholarly journals A longitudinal and comparative analysis of competitive balance in five European football leagues

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (5/6) ◽  
pp. 265-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Girish Ramchandani ◽  
Daniel Plumley ◽  
Sophie Boyes ◽  
Rob Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Competitive Balance ◽  
Competition Intensity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Premier League ◽  
Sport League ◽  
European Football ◽  
English Premier League

Purpose This paper aims to provide empirical evidence on competitive balance in the “big five” European football leagues, namely, the English Premier League, French Ligue 1, German Bundesliga, Italian Serie A and Spanish La Liga. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses recognised measures of competitive balance to measure levels of concentration (within-season competitive balance) and dominance (between-season competitive balance) in the selected leagues over 22 seasons between 1995/96 and 2016/17. Findings French Ligue 1 emerged as the most balanced league in terms of both concentration and dominance measures. The analysis also points to a statistically significant decline in competitive balance in all leagues apart from Serie A (Italy). Originality/value The findings of this study are of concern for the league organisers. Competition intensity is a key component of a sport league, and a league that is dominated by one or a select few clubs is less attractive within the marketplace. This paper presents challenges at the league governance level for the five leagues examined.

scholarly journals An exploratory study of US acquirers’ market performance: pre- versus post-Sarbanes–Oxley act of 2002

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samah El Hajjar ◽  
Elie Menassa ◽  
Talie Kassamany
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Market Performance ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
Sarbanes Oxley ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Motivated by the findings of Bhabra and Hossain (2017) that highlight an improvement in US market performance in the post-Sarbanes–Oxley (SOX) period, this paper aims to investigate how this change varies with the methods of payment used for the deals. Design/methodology/approach Deductive in nature and using an event study approach, this paper uses a sample of 675 deals between 1999 and 2006 to test three research hypotheses in a pre-post setting. Findings Results show that at the aggregate level, there is a significant improvement in the market performance of US acquirers around the announcement day in the aftermath of the passage of SOX 2002. Considered separately, both US stock acquirers and cash acquirers did not experience any significant improvement in market performance in the post-Sarbanes–Oxley period. These results are robust to controlling for governance, firm and deal variables, as well as industry and year fixed effects. Research limitations/implications Exploratory in nature, the results are to be interpreted in light of the sample size and the period under investigation. Practical implications The results provide evidence for regulators and legislators on the contribution of SOX 2002 to curbing managerial misconduct. Significant improvement in the market performance also signals more confidence in managerial decisions and a reduction in agency problems. The insignificant change in stock acquirers’ market performance can be an indication that policymakers should exert more efforts to improve shareholders' confidence in the quality of disclosure. Originality/value This investigation provides unique insights on whether SOX has been effective in mitigating mispricing concerns associated with stock-financed acquisitions and whether it was effective in moderating the governance mechanism associated with cash-financed acquisitions.

Personnel policy adjustments when apprentice positions are unfilled

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 958-978
Author(s):  
Tina Hinz
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Personnel Policy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Apprenticeship Training ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Iab Establishment Panel ◽  
Policy Adjustments ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose German establishments face increasing difficulties in filling their apprentice positions. Thus, firms are less able to train (and later retain) their own skilled workforce. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the firms’ personnel policy adjustments in response to unfilled apprentice positions. Design/methodology/approach To estimate the within-firm personnel policy adjustments when unfilled apprentice positions arise, fixed effects panel estimations are applied to a large German establishment-level data set, the IAB Establishment Panel (2008–2016). Findings The estimates indicate that some firms post slightly more apprentice positions in the period after facing unfilled apprentice positions. Moreover, the results reveal that affected craft establishments in urban regions retain more apprenticeship graduates. Besides of these findings, there are no indications of emphasised personnel policy adjustments. Practical implications The multivariate results do not support the claim that training firms may abstain from apprenticeship training when facing unfilled apprentice positions. Originality/value The study shows first evidence of firms’ personnel policy adjustments when apprentice positions remain vacant in Germany, a country with a traditionally high relevance of apprenticeship training.

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