Performance of gas nanosensor in 1-4 per cent hydrogen concentration

Sensor Review ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 622-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghobad Behzadi Pour ◽  
Leila Fekri Aval ◽  
Parisa Esmaili
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Film ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Hydrogen Concentration ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hydrogen Gas Sensors ◽  
Mos Sensor

Purpose This study aims to investigate the fabrication of hydrogen gas sensor based on metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) microstructure. The palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) as gate metal have been deposited on the oxide film using spin coating. Design/methodology/approach The PdNPs and the surface of oxide film were analyzed using Transmission electron microscopy. The capacitance-voltage (C-V) curves for the MOS sensor in 1, 2 and 4 per cent hydrogen concentration and in 100 KHz frequency at the room temperature were reported. Findings The response times for 1, 2 and 4 per cent hydrogen concentration were 2.5 s, 1.5 s and 1 s, respectively. The responses (R per cent) of MOS sensor to 1, 2 and 4 per cent hydrogen concentration were 42.8, 47.3 and 52.6 per cent, respectively. Originality/value The experimental results demonstrate that the MOS hydrogen gas sensor based on the PdNPs gate, shows the fast response and recovery compared to other hydrogen gas sensors based on the Pd.

scholarly journals Sensitive Capacitive-type Hydrogen Sensor Based on Ni Thin Film in Different Hydrogen Concentrations

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghobad Behzadi Pour ◽  
Leila Fekri Aval ◽  
Shahnaz Eslami
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Oxide Film ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Hydrogen Concentration ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Oxide Thickness ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Oxide Film Thickness ◽  
Mos Sensor ◽  
20 Nm

Background: Hydrogen sensors are micro/nano-structure that are used to locate hydrogen leaks. They are considered to have fast response/recovery time and long lifetime as compared to conventional gas sensors. In this paper, fabrication of sensitive capacitive-type hydrogen gas sensor based on Ni thin film has been investigated. The C-V curves of the sensor in different hydrogen concentrations have been reported. Method: Dry oxidation was done in thermal chemical vapor deposition furnace (TCVD). For oxidation time of 5 min, the oxide thickness was 15 nm and for oxidation time 10 min, it was 20 nm. The Ni thin film as a catalytic metal was deposited on the oxide film using electron gun deposition. Two MOS sensors were compared with different oxide film thickness and different hydrogen concentrations. Results: The highest response of the two MOS sensors with 15 nm and 20 nm oxide film thickness in 4% hydrogen concentration was 87.5% and 65.4% respectively. The fast response times for MOS sensors with 15 nm and 20 nm oxide film thickness in 4% hydrogen concentration was 8 s and 21 s, respectively. Conclusion: By increasing the hydrogen concentration from 1% to 4%, the response time for MOS sensor (20nm oxide thickness), was decreased from 28s to 21s. The recovery time was inversely increased from 237s to 360s. The experimental results showed that the MOS sensor based on Ni thin film had a quick response and a high sensitivity.

scholarly journals Hydrogen gas sensor based on mesoporous In2O3 with fast response/recovery and ppb level detection limit

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (50) ◽  
pp. 22746-22755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijie Li ◽  
Shengnan Yan ◽  
Zhonglin Wu ◽  
Hao Li ◽  
Junqiang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Response Recovery

Development of a Pd/Cu nanowires coated SAW hydrogen gas sensor with fast response and recovery

2019 ◽  
Vol 287 ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Wang ◽  
Xueli Liu ◽  
Shengchao Mei ◽  
Yana Jia ◽  
Mengwei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Cu Nanowires ◽  
Response And Recovery

Using Palladium Nanocubes on ZnO Nanostructures in Hydrogen Gas Sensor for Fast Response and Recovery Time

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 2495-2499
Author(s):  
Hoang Si Hong ◽  
Tran Vinh Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Zno Nanostructures ◽  
Response Recovery ◽  
Sensor Structure ◽  
Recovery Times ◽  
Response And Recovery ◽  
Robust Sensing

We developed a novel sensor structure by synthesizing Pd nanocubes (NCs) decorated on ZnO nanostructures (NSs) applied to resistive-type H2 gas sensor with micro-length in sensing channel. The ZnO NSs were selectively grown between micro-size finger-like interdigital electrodes through microelectromechanical technology. The novel H2 sensor structure with the sensing channel was reduced to micro-size by this proposed method to obtain a sensor with fast response/recovery time. The as-prepared structure exhibited robust sensing performance with a response of 11% at optimal temperature of 150 °C, good linearity, and fast response/recovery time within 10 s. The speed of chemisorption through the diffusion pathway in Pd NCs combined with micro-length in sensing channel in sensor showed fast response and recovery times of 9 and 15 s, respectively, toward 10,000 ppm (1%) H2 at 150 °C. The result showed approximate linearity response in H2 concentration range of 5÷10,000 ppm and a large operating temperature range from room temperature to 200 °C.

scholarly journals Ruthenium Decorated Polypyrrole Nanoparticles for Highly Sensitive Hydrogen Gas Sensors Using Component Ratio and Protonation Control

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1427
Author(s):  
Jungkyun Oh ◽  
Jun Seop Lee ◽  
Jyongsik Jang
Keyword(s):  
Active Surface ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Component Ratio ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Density Control ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Hydrogen Gas Sensors ◽  
Polypyrrole Nanoparticles

Despite being highly flammable at lower concentrations and causing suffocation at higher concentrations, hydrogen gas continues to play an important role in various industrial processes. Therefore, an appropriate monitoring system is crucial for processes that use hydrogen. In this study, we found a nanocomposite comprising of ruthenium nanoclusters decorated on carboxyl polypyrrole nanoparticles (Ru_CPPy) to be successful in detecting hydrogen gas through a simple sonochemistry method. We found that the morphology and density control of the ruthenium component increased the active surface area to the target analyte (hydrogen molecule). Carboxyl polypyrrole (CPPy) in the nanocomposite was protonated to increase the charge transfer rate during gas detection. This material-based sensor electrode was highly sensitive (down to 0.5 ppm) toward hydrogen gas and had a fast response and recovery time under ambient conditions. The sensing ability of the electrode was maintained up to 15 days without structure deformations.

Modelling the combined effects of hydrogen traps and surface films on hydrogen permeation in ferritic steels

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-247
Author(s):  
Huihui Zhi ◽  
Haiyang Yu ◽  
Lei Gao ◽  
Zhiliang Zhang ◽  
Yanjing Su
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Film ◽  
Hydrogen Concentration ◽  
Hydrogen Diffusion ◽  
Hydrogen Permeation ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Ferritic Steels ◽  
Surface Films ◽  
Material System ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this study is to develop a model extending Oriani’s formula by introducing a normalised concentration to simulate hydrogen diffusion in a multi-material system such as coated steels, under the presence of traps. Design/methodology/approach Implemented through the finite element method based on the analogy between mass diffusion and heat transfer, the governing equation was applied to investigate the combined effects of hydrogen traps and surface oxide films on hydrogen permeation in ferritic steels. Findings This study shows that the effective diffusivity varies over several orders of magnitude depending on the traps and films. This explains the divergence of measured hydrogen diffusivities in steels. It is revealed that hydrogen permeation in steels with Pd or Ni film is a trapping-dominant transport process, while hydrogen permeation in steel with oxide film is a process controlled by both trapping effect and retarding effect of oxide film. The oxide film enhances total hydrogen concentration within the steel substrate and is therefore detrimental. The Pd or Ni film has a little influence on total hydrogen concentration distribution depending on trapping energy. Originality/value Hydrogen flux curves and transient hydrogen concentration distributions can be directly obtained through the developed model. The proposed approach can also be extended to investigate other interstitial (i.e. carbon, oxygen and nitrogen) diffusion with traps revisited in complex systems.

AlGaN/GaN-based metal–oxide–semiconductor diode-based hydrogen gas sensor

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (7) ◽  
pp. 1123-1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Kang ◽  
F. Ren ◽  
B. P. Gila ◽  
C. R. Abernathy ◽  
S. J. Pearton
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Metal Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Semiconductor Diode

scholarly journals Определение концентрации водорода по фотоэдс МДП структур Pd-оксид-InP

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 1183
Author(s):  
Е.А. Гребенщикова ◽  
Х.М. Салихов ◽  
В.Г. Сидоров ◽  
В.А. Шутаев ◽  
Ю.П. Яковлев
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Film ◽  
Decay Rate ◽  
Hydrogen Concentration ◽  
Anodic Oxide ◽  
Anodic Oxide Film ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Initial Portion ◽  
Simultaneous Exposure ◽  
Metal Insulator

AbstractThe photovoltage of a metal–insulator–semiconductor structure (Pd–anodic oxide–InP) is studied in relation to the hydrogen concentration in the range 0 . 1–100 vol % in a nitrogen–hydrogen gas mixture. It is shown that, under simultaneous exposure of the structure to light and hydrogen, the photovoltage decay rate and the hydrogen concentration are exponentially related to each other: N _H = a exp( bS ). Here, N _H is the hydrogen concentration (vol %) in the nitrogen–hydrogen mixture. S = dU / dt |_ t  _= 0 is the rate at which the signal U changes in the initial portion of the photovoltage decay, beginning from the instant at which the structure is brought into contact with the gas mixture. a and b are constants dependent on the thicknesses of the palladium layer and anodic oxide film on InP.

Electrochemical gas sensor with extremely fast response times

1993 ◽  
Vol 65 (23) ◽  
pp. 3435-3440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Tierney ◽  
Hyun Ok L. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Fast Response
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