scholarly journals Ruthenium Decorated Polypyrrole Nanoparticles for Highly Sensitive Hydrogen Gas Sensors Using Component Ratio and Protonation Control

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1427
Author(s):  
Jungkyun Oh ◽  
Jun Seop Lee ◽  
Jyongsik Jang
Keyword(s):  
Active Surface ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Component Ratio ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Density Control ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Hydrogen Gas Sensors ◽  
Polypyrrole Nanoparticles

Despite being highly flammable at lower concentrations and causing suffocation at higher concentrations, hydrogen gas continues to play an important role in various industrial processes. Therefore, an appropriate monitoring system is crucial for processes that use hydrogen. In this study, we found a nanocomposite comprising of ruthenium nanoclusters decorated on carboxyl polypyrrole nanoparticles (Ru_CPPy) to be successful in detecting hydrogen gas through a simple sonochemistry method. We found that the morphology and density control of the ruthenium component increased the active surface area to the target analyte (hydrogen molecule). Carboxyl polypyrrole (CPPy) in the nanocomposite was protonated to increase the charge transfer rate during gas detection. This material-based sensor electrode was highly sensitive (down to 0.5 ppm) toward hydrogen gas and had a fast response and recovery time under ambient conditions. The sensing ability of the electrode was maintained up to 15 days without structure deformations.

scholarly journals ppb-Level Selective Hydrogen Gas Detection of Pd-Functionalized In2O3-Loaded ZnO Nanofiber Gas Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (19) ◽  
pp. 4276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Hyoung Lee ◽  
Jae-Hun Kim ◽  
Jin-Young Kim ◽  
Ali Mirzaei ◽  
Hyoun Woo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Strong Response ◽  
Pd Nanoparticle ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Hydrogen Gas Sensors ◽  
Zno Nanofibers ◽  
Gas Response ◽  
Hydrogen Gas Detection

Pd nanoparticle-functionalized, xIn2O3 (x = 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15)-loaded ZnO nanofibers were synthesized by an electrospinning and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation method and assessed for their hydrogen gas sensing properties. Morphological and chemical analyses revealed the desired morphology and chemical composition of the synthesized nanofibers. The optimal gas sensor namely Pd-functionalized, 0.1In2O3-loaded ZnO nanofibers showed a very strong response to 172–50 ppb hydrogen gas at 350 °C, which is regarded as the optimal sensing temperature. Furthermore, the gas sensors showed excellent selectivity to hydrogen gas due to the much lower response to CO and NO2 gases. The enhanced gas response was attributed to the excellent catalytic activity of Pd to hydrogen gas, and the formation of Pd/ZnO and In2O3/ZnO heterojunctions, ZnO–ZnO homojunction, as well as the formation of PdHx. Overall, highly sensitive and selective hydrogen gas sensors can be produced based on a simple methodology using a synergistic effect from Pd functionalization and In2O3 loading in ZnO nanofibers.

Performance of gas nanosensor in 1-4 per cent hydrogen concentration

Sensor Review ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 622-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghobad Behzadi Pour ◽  
Leila Fekri Aval ◽  
Parisa Esmaili
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Film ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Hydrogen Concentration ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hydrogen Gas Sensors ◽  
Mos Sensor

Purpose This study aims to investigate the fabrication of hydrogen gas sensor based on metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) microstructure. The palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) as gate metal have been deposited on the oxide film using spin coating. Design/methodology/approach The PdNPs and the surface of oxide film were analyzed using Transmission electron microscopy. The capacitance-voltage (C-V) curves for the MOS sensor in 1, 2 and 4 per cent hydrogen concentration and in 100 KHz frequency at the room temperature were reported. Findings The response times for 1, 2 and 4 per cent hydrogen concentration were 2.5 s, 1.5 s and 1 s, respectively. The responses (R per cent) of MOS sensor to 1, 2 and 4 per cent hydrogen concentration were 42.8, 47.3 and 52.6 per cent, respectively. Originality/value The experimental results demonstrate that the MOS hydrogen gas sensor based on the PdNPs gate, shows the fast response and recovery compared to other hydrogen gas sensors based on the Pd.

scholarly journals Highly Sensitive Hydrogen Gas Sensors Based on Gold Nanoparticle Decorated Zinc Oxide Nanosheets

2016 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 321-324
Author(s):  
Aled R. Lewis ◽  
Josef Náhlík ◽  
Daniel R. Jones ◽  
Thierry G.G. Maffeis
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Gold Nanoparticle ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Hydrogen Gas Sensors ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanosheets

Highly sensitive electrochemical sensor for toxic ractopamine based on the enhancement effect of acetylene black nanoparticles

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (19) ◽  
pp. 8069-8077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Wang ◽  
Kangbing Wu ◽  
Can Wu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Electrochemical Sensor ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Acetylene Black ◽  
Enhancement Effect ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Carbon Electrode ◽  
Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Electron Transfer Capacity

A highly sensitive electrochemical sensor for toxic ractopamine was developed using an acetylene black nanoparticle-modified glassy carbon electrode, exhibiting a large active surface area and enhanced electron transfer capacity.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on the Effect of Protonation Control for Resistive Gas Sensor Based on Close-Packed Polypyrrole Nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wooyoung Kim ◽  
Sunghun Cho ◽  
Jun Seop Lee
Keyword(s):  
Conducting Polymer ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Chain Structure ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Recovery Times ◽  
Response And Recovery ◽  
Polypyrrole Nanoparticles ◽  
Sensor Transducer

Conducting polymers are often used as sensor electrodes due to their conjugated chain structure, which leads to high sensitivity and rapid response at room temperature. Numerous studies have been conducted on the structures of conducting polymer nanomaterials to increase the active surface area for the target materials. However, studies on the control of the chemical state of conducting polymer chains and the modification of the sensing signal transfer with these changes have not been reported. In this work, polypyrrole nanoparticles (PPyNPs), where is PPy is a conducting polymer, are applied as a sensor transducer to analyze the chemical sensing ability of the electrode. In particular, the protonation of PPy is adjusted by chemical methods to modify the transfer sensing signals with changes in the polymer chain structure. The PPyNPs that were modified at pH 1 exhibit high sensitivity to the target analyte (down to 1 ppb of NH3) with short response and recovery times of less than 20 s and 50 s, respectively, at 25 °C.

Tenacious Mass Transfer Limitations Drive Catalytic Selectivity during Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kailun Yang ◽  
Recep Kas ◽  
Wilson A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Catalyst Layer ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Copper Electrodes ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Local Current

<p>This study evaluated the performance of the commonly used strong buffer electrolytes, i.e. phosphate buffers, during CO<sub>2</sub> electroreduction in neutral pH conditions by using in-situ surface enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (SEIRAS). Unfortunately, the buffers break down a lot faster than anticipated which has serious implications on many studies in the literature such as selectivity and kinetic analysis of the electrocatalysts. Increasing electrolyte concentration, surprisingly, did not extend the potential window of the phosphate buffers due to dramatic increase in hydrogen evolution reaction. Even high concentration phosphate buffers (1 M) break down within the potentials (-1 V vs RHE) where hydrocarbons are formed on copper electrodes. We have extended the discussion to high surface area electrodes by evaluating electrodes composed of copper nanowires. We would like highlight that it is not possible to cope with high local current densities on these high surface area electrodes by using high buffer capacity solutions and the CO<sub>2</sub> electrocatalysts are needed to be evaluated by casting thin nanoparticle films onto inert substrates as commonly employed in fuel cell reactions and up to now scarcely employed in CO<sub>2</sub> electroreduction. In addition, we underscore that normalization of the electrocatalytic activity to the electrochemical active surface area is not the ultimate solution due to concentration gradient along the catalyst layer.This will “underestimate” the activity of high surface electrocatalyst and the degree of underestimation will depend on the thickness, porosity and morphology of the catalyst layer. </p> <p> </p>

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