A systematic review of the methodologies used in research related to adult drug and alcohol rehabilitation in therapeutic communities published 2000-2013

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to summarize research conducted in long-term residential rehabilitation centers, including therapeutic communities (TCs), in order to further clarify the effectiveness of this treatment approach and to evaluate the quality of TC research conducted in the period 2000-2013. Design/methodology/approach – The composite search engine UQ database Summon were used to find articles with “Therapeutic Community” as title words, and the search was limited to adult participants, peer-reviewed articles, published between January 2000 and June 2013 in the English language. The review was conducted using Cochrane Collaboration methods and reported under the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses guidelines. Findings – In total, 25 studies met inclusion criteria for the review and represented data from n=5,923 participants in the USA, Australia, Spain, England, and Belgium. Evidence supports the TC approach for a diverse range of individuals who misuse a range of substances. Several studies reported a relationship between retention and outcomes however dropout from treatment is a widespread issue. A paucity of research using multiple time points precludes any firm conclusions regarding the optimal length of treatment in a TC. There is a lack of research on the interplay between individual and community-level factors on client well-being, retention, and longer term outcomes. Research limitations/implications – This review highlights the need for TC research that includes multiple time points and follow-up assessments, and measures of change in theoretically meaningful constructs alongside standard measures of demographics, substance use, and psychiatric symptoms. Practical implications – The reporting format of TC research should be better standardized in order to create a better basis for research comparison. More standardized reporting would also allow for effect size analysis, and create a more efficacious evidence base. Originality/value – This updates the systematic review body of research.

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Use of TanDEM-X and SRTM-C Data for Detection of Deforestation Caused by Bark Beetle in Central European Mountains

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13153042 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (15) ◽

pp. 3042

Author(s):

Kateřina Gdulová ◽

Jana Marešová ◽

Vojtěch Barták ◽

Marta Szostak ◽

Jaroslav Červenka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bark Beetle ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Canopy Height ◽

Surface Model ◽

Multiple Time ◽

Central European ◽

Time Points ◽

Bohemian Forest ◽

Multiple Time Points ◽

Surrounding Areas

The availability of global digital elevation models (DEMs) from multiple time points allows their combination for analysing vegetation changes. The combination of models (e.g., SRTM and TanDEM-X) can contain errors, which can, due to their synergistic effects, yield incorrect results. We used a high-resolution LiDAR-derived digital surface model (DSM) to evaluate the accuracy of canopy height estimates of the aforementioned global DEMs. In addition, we subtracted SRTM and TanDEM-X data at 90 and 30 m resolutions, respectively, to detect deforestation caused by bark beetle disturbance and evaluated the associations of their difference with terrain characteristics. The study areas covered three Central European mountain ranges and their surrounding areas: Bohemian Forest, Erzgebirge, and Giant Mountains. We found that vertical bias of SRTM and TanDEM-X, relative to the canopy height, is similar with negative values of up to −2.5 m and LE90s below 7.8 m in non-forest areas. In forests, the vertical bias of SRTM and TanDEM-X ranged from −0.5 to 4.1 m and LE90s from 7.2 to 11.0 m, respectively. The height differences between SRTM and TanDEM-X show moderate dependence on the slope and its orientation. LE90s for TDX-SRTM differences tended to be smaller for east-facing than for west-facing slopes, and varied, with aspect, by up to 1.5 m in non-forest areas and 3 m in forests, respectively. Finally, subtracting SRTM and NASA DEMs from TanDEM-X and Copernicus DEMs, respectively, successfully identified large areas of deforestation caused by hurricane Kyril in 2007 and a subsequent bark beetle disturbance in the Bohemian Forest. However, local errors in TanDEM-X, associated mainly with forest-covered west-facing slopes, resulted in erroneous identification of deforestation. Therefore, caution is needed when combining SRTM and TanDEM-X data in multitemporal studies in a mountain environment. Still, we can conclude that SRTM and TanDEM-X data represent suitable near global sources for the identification of deforestation in the period between the time points of their acquisition.

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Meta-analysis of effect sizes reported at multiple time points: A multivariate approach

Clinical Trials ◽

10.1177/1740774512453218 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 610-620 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Thomas A Trikalinos ◽

Ingram Olkin

Keyword(s):

Random Effects ◽

Treatment Effects ◽

Multivariate Analyses ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Effect Sizes ◽

Multiple Time ◽

Time Points ◽

Fixed And Random Effects ◽

Multiple Time Points ◽

Meta Analyses

Background Many comparative studies report results at multiple time points. Such data are correlated because they pertain to the same patients, but are typically meta-analyzed as separate quantitative syntheses at each time point, ignoring the correlations between time points. Purpose To develop a meta-analytic approach that estimates treatment effects at successive time points and takes account of the stochastic dependencies of those effects. Methods We present both fixed and random effects methods for multivariate meta-analysis of effect sizes reported at multiple time points. We provide formulas for calculating the covariance (and correlations) of the effect sizes at successive time points for four common metrics (log odds ratio, log risk ratio, risk difference, and arcsine difference) based on data reported in the primary studies. We work through an example of a meta-analysis of 17 randomized trials of radiotherapy and chemotherapy versus radiotherapy alone for the postoperative treatment of patients with malignant gliomas, where in each trial survival is assessed at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months post randomization. We also provide software code for the main analyses described in the article. Results We discuss the estimation of fixed and random effects models and explore five options for the structure of the covariance matrix of the random effects. In the example, we compare separate (univariate) meta-analyses at each of the four time points with joint analyses across all four time points using the proposed methods. Although results of univariate and multivariate analyses are generally similar in the example, there are small differences in the magnitude of the effect sizes and the corresponding standard errors. We also discuss conditional multivariate analyses where one compares treatment effects at later time points given observed data at earlier time points. Limitations Simulation and empirical studies are needed to clarify the gains of multivariate analyses compared with separate meta-analyses under a variety of conditions. Conclusions Data reported at multiple time points are multivariate in nature and are efficiently analyzed using multivariate methods. The latter are an attractive alternative or complement to performing separate meta-analyses.

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Structural elaboration in police organizations: an exploration

Policing An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management ◽

10.1108/pijpsm-01-2016-0008 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 351-365 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alicia L. Jurek ◽

Matthew C. Matusiak ◽

Randa Embry Matusiak

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Structural Complexity ◽

Essential Elements ◽

Multiple Time ◽

Police Departments ◽

Content Type ◽

Police Organizations ◽

The Usa ◽

Multiple Time Points ◽

American Police

Purpose The current research explores the structural elaboration of municipal American police organizations, specifically, the structural complexity of police organizations and its relationship to time. The purpose of this paper is to describe and test essential elements of the structural elaboration hypothesis. Design/methodology/approach The authors explore the structural elaboration hypothesis utilizing a sample of 219 large police departments across the USA. Data are drawn from multiple waves of the Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics survey and are analyzed using tobit and OLS regression techniques. Findings While there is some evidence that police departments are becoming more elaborate, little evidence for the structural elaboration hypothesis as a function of time is found. Originality/value This project is the first to specifically explore the structural elaboration hypothesis across multiple time points. Additionally, results highlight structural trends across a panel of large American police organizations and provide potential explanations for changes. Suggestions for large-scale policing data collection are also provided.

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THE ROLE OF MEMORY PERSPECTIVE IN SOCIAL PHOBIA: IMMEDIATE AND DELAYED MEMORIES FOR ROLE-PLAYED SITUATIONS

Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy ◽

10.1017/s1352465802004034 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 415-425 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Meredith E. Coles ◽

Cynthia L. Turk ◽

Richard G. Heimberg

Keyword(s):

Social Phobia ◽

Multiple Time ◽

Behavioral Models ◽

Social Situations ◽

Time Points ◽

Cognitive Behavioral Models ◽

Multiple Time Points ◽

Memory Perspective ◽

Field Perspective

Cognitive-behavioral models (Clark & Wells, 1995; Rapee & Heimberg, 1997) and recent research suggest that individuals with social phobia (SP) experience both images (Hackmann, Surawy, & Clark, 1998) and memories (Coles, Turk, Heimberg, & Fresco, 2001; Wells, Clark, & Ahmad, 1998) of anxiety-producing social situations from an observer perspective. The current study examines memory perspective for two role-played situations (speech and social interaction) at multiple time points (immediate and 3 weeks post) in 22 individuals with generalized SP and 30 non-anxious controls (NACs). At both time points, SPs recalled the role-plays from a more observer/less field perspective than did NACs. Further, over time, the memory perspective of SPs became even more observer/less field while the memory perspective of NAC remained relatively stable.

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The Silicon Peaches

Innovation in Real Places ◽

10.1093/oso/9780197508114.003.0003 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 31-42

Author(s):

Dan Breznitz

Keyword(s):

Information And Communication Technologies ◽

Silicon Valley ◽

Communication Technologies ◽

Multiple Time ◽

Rapid Rise ◽

Time Points ◽

Start Up ◽

Information And Communication ◽

Multiple Time Points ◽

Start Ups

This chapter acknowledges that, for many regions, the idea of attracting cutting-edge tech start-ups is almost irresistible. Seemingly every community aspires to become the next Silicon Valley. But is that feasible? This chapter make these lessons concrete by elaborating on the rapid rise and, even faster and deeper, decline of America’s first Silicon Valley—Cleveland, Ohio. It then shows the near impossibility of trying to become the next Silicon Valley by analyzing the mysterious failure of Atlanta, Georgia—a city that diligently followed all the advice ever given to an aspiring new start-up hub, but somehow was always left only with the “potential.” We will see how at multiple time-points Atlanta’s companies were the leading innovators with the best products in the newest information and communication technologies (ICT), only to falter and be taken over by Silicon Valley companies without leaving any apparent impact on the region. It then brings in social-network research and the concept of embeddedness to explain why trying to recreate a Silicon Valley is a doomed (and expensive) enterprise.

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The use of product scarcity in marketing

European Journal of Marketing ◽

10.1108/ejm-04-2018-0285 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. 380-418 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xiaohui Shi ◽

Feng Li ◽

Pattarin Chumnumpan

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Future Research ◽

Key Factors ◽

Research Papers ◽

Diverse Range ◽

Content Type ◽

The Core ◽

New Directions ◽

Business And Management

Purpose As a frequently observed business phenomenon, the use of product scarcity to improve a product’s market performance has received increasing attention from both academics and practitioners. The resulting literature has covered a wide variety of issues based on various theories, using different research methods, in a diverse range of settings. However, this diversity also makes it difficult to grasp the core themes and findings, and to see the outstanding knowledge gaps. This paper aims to review previous studies on the use of product scarcity in marketing and identifies new directions for future research. Design/methodology/approach A systematic review was conducted to identify and analyse 66 research papers published in business and management journals between 1970 and 2017. Findings The authors examined the underlying theories of scarcity-based marketing, and developed a conceptual framework that describes the key factors of product scarcity and how they influence both consumers and the market. They also highlighted some key achievements in modelling the processes involved in using product scarcity in marketing. Originality/value This analysis of the identified papers suggests that there are substantial gaps in our knowledge of this field, which opens up new paths for future research. For future research, the authors identified three directions aimed at: addressing the practical needs of firms in understanding product scarcity; guiding the implementation of scarcity-based strategies; and measuring, monitoring and predicting the level of product scarcity and its impacts during implementation.

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A porcine model of relief of unilateral ureteral obstruction: study on self-repairing capability over multiple time points

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry ◽

10.1007/s11010-016-2755-5 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 419 (1-2) ◽

pp. 115-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yingying Liu ◽

Jing Sun ◽

Lining Miao ◽

Lei Ji ◽

Manyu Luo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ureteral Obstruction ◽

Porcine Model ◽

Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction ◽

Multiple Time ◽

Time Points ◽

Multiple Time Points

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Knowledge discovery out of text data: a systematic review via text mining

Journal of Knowledge Management ◽

10.1108/jkm-11-2017-0517 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (7) ◽

pp. 1471-1488 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Antonio Usai ◽

Marco Pironti ◽

Monika Mital ◽

Chiraz Aouina Mejri

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Text Mining ◽

Knowledge Discovery ◽

Research Collaboration ◽

Collaborative Writing ◽

Web Based ◽

Diverse Range ◽

Content Type ◽

Mining Technique ◽

Database Technology

Purpose The aim of this work is to increase awareness of the potential of the technique of text mining to discover knowledge and further promote research collaboration between knowledge management and the information technology communities. Since its emergence, text mining has involved multidisciplinary studies, focused primarily on database technology, Web-based collaborative writing, text analysis, machine learning and knowledge discovery. However, owing to the large amount of research in this field, it is becoming increasingly difficult to identify existing studies and therefore suggest new topics. Design/methodology/approach This article offers a systematic review of 85 academic outputs (articles and books) focused on knowledge discovery derived from the text mining technique. The systematic review is conducted by applying “text mining at the term level, in which knowledge discovery takes place on a more focused collection of words and phrases that are extracted from and label each document” (Feldman et al., 1998, p. 1). Findings The results revealed that the keywords extracted to be associated with the main labels, id est, knowledge discovery and text mining, can be categorized in two periods: from 1998 to 2009, the term knowledge and text were always used. From 2010 to 2017 in addition to these terms, sentiment analysis, review manipulation, microblogging data and knowledgeable users were the other terms frequently used. Besides this, it is possible to notice the technical, engineering nature of each term present in the first decade. Whereas, a diverse range of fields such as business, marketing and finance emerged from 2010 to 2017 owing to a greater interest in the online environment. Originality/value This is a first comprehensive systematic review on knowledge discovery and text mining through the use of a text mining technique at term level, which offers to reduce redundant research and to avoid the possibility of missing relevant publications.

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Investigating systematic review for multi-disciplinary research in the built environment

Built Environment Project and Asset Management ◽

10.1108/bepam-10-2016-0056 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 78-90

Author(s):

Subhadarsini Parida ◽

Kerry Brown

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Built Environment ◽

Review Paper ◽

Health Management ◽

Green Building ◽

Well Being ◽

Evidence Base ◽

Content Type ◽

Powerful Means ◽

The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which a systematic review approach is transferable from medicine to multi-disciplinary studies in the built environment research. Design/methodology/approach Primarily a review paper, it focuses on specific steps in the systematic review to clarify and elaborate the elements for adapting an evidence base in the built environment studies particular to the impact of green building on employees’ health, well-being and productivity. Findings While research represents a potentially powerful means of reducing the gap between research and practice by applying tried and tested methods, the methodological rigour is debatable when a traditional systematic review approach is applied in the built environment studies involving multi-disciplinary research. Research limitations/implications The foundational contribution of this paper lies in providing methodological guidance and an alternative framework to advance the longstanding efforts in the built environment to bridge the practitioner and academic divide. Originality/value A systematic review approach in the built environment is rare. The method is unique in multi-disciplinary studies especially in green building studies. This paper adopts the systematic review protocols in this cross-disciplinary study involving health, management and built environment expertise.

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