Chitosan-smectite composite on the urea adsorption–desorption study for slow-release fertilizer application

Purpose The purpose of this study is to prepare composite of chitosan-modified smectite clays consisting of montmorillonite and saponite clay minerals and their urea adsorption–desorption study. Prepared materials were designed for slow-release fertilizer application. Design/methodology/approach Preparation of the composites was conducted by a simple intercalation of chitosan solution and clay suspension followed by hydrogel beads formation. Physicochemical characterization of materials was performed by X-ray diffraction, gas sorption analysis by using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface areas and pore volume, water absorbency and Fourier transform-infrared. Urea adsorption and desorption studies of prepared materials were conducted by using batch method, and the adsorbed and desorbed urea content was analyzed by using high-performance liquid chromatography method. Findings The results revealed that the composites have higher absorptivity and lower absorptivity toward urea from and into water solution compared to raw clay minerals. Adsorption capacity and slow desorption rate of urea from the composites suggested the potential application of the composites as slow urea-releasing agent. Originality/value There are many papers that study the formation of chitosan-clay composites, but the study on the urea adsorption–desorption properties based on chitosan-smectite minerals have not been reported. Intensive study related to physicochemical properties and its related kinetics study is an important basic finding for further applications.

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Slow- Release Fertilizer Formulation Using Acrylic and Chitosan Coating

Journal of Tropical Soils ◽

10.5400/jts.2015.v20i1.37-45 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 37 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lili Handayani ◽

Gunawan Djajakirana ◽

. Darmawan ◽

Canecio Peralta Munoz

Keyword(s):

Citric Acid ◽

Slow Release ◽

Nutrient Release ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Coating Material ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Chitosan Coating ◽

Slow Release Fertilizer ◽

Low Efficiency ◽

Nutrient Solubility

The low-efficiency problem in fertilizer application can be overcome by controlling fertilizer solubility, i.e. by rendering the fertilizer to be released gradually; such material is also known as slow-release fertilizer (SRF). This research was aimed to formulate SRF by coating technique using acrylic and chitosan as the coating material, and to evaluate fertilizer resistance to too fast disintegration, and rate of nutrient release method. The results demonstrated that fertilizer formulation containing N, P, K, Fe, Cu, and Zn with granulation technique yielded 74% of granules with 2-5 mm in diameter. The SRFs (formulated fertilizer with acrylic or chitosan coating) were more resistant to water pounding than non-SRF. Furthermore, shaking test with distilled water or 2% citric acid, or by percolation test with distilled water showed that the SRFs had lower nutrient solubility than the non-SRFs. The results of shaking test also specifically indicated that coating with acrylic made the fertilizer more resistant to the citric acid,suggesting that this coating material would be more suitable in acidic soils. The SRFs formulated with the addition of chitosan during blending of micronutrients prior to mixing with macronutrients, granulation, and final coating exhibited lower nutrient solubility than the SRFs without the pre-coating chitosan addition. [How to Cite: Lili H, G Djajakirana, Darmawan, and CP Munoz. 2015. Slow- Release Fertilizer Formulation Using Acrylic and Chitosan Coating. J Trop Soils 19: 37-45. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2015.20.1.37][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2015.20.1.37]

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127 Growth of Impatiens `Accent Orange' in Substrates Containing Compost with Four Slow-release Fertilizer Concentrations

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.34.3.463d ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 463D-463

Author(s):

Kimberly Klock-Moore

Keyword(s):

Slow Release ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Application Rate ◽

Slow Release Fertilizer ◽

Application Rates ◽

Fertilizer Application Rate ◽

Fertilizer Rates ◽

Pot Plants

The objective of this experiment was to compare the growth of impatiens `Accent Orange' in substrates containing compost made from biosolids and yard trimmings with four slow-release fertilizer application rates. Plugs of impatiens were transplanted into 400-ml pots filled with 100% compost as a stand-alone substrate or with 60%, 30%, or 0% compost combined with control substrate components. Six days after transplanting, all plants were top-dressed with 0.5, 1, 2, or 4 g of Nutricote 13N-5.7P-10.8K (type 180) per pot. Shoot dry mass increased as the percentage of compost in the substrate increased from 0% to 100%. Shoot dry mass also increased as the fertilizer application rate increased from 0.5 to 4 g per pot. Plants grown in 30% and 60% compost with 0.5 g of fertilizer were similar in size to plants grown in 0% compost with 4 g of fertilizer per pot. Plants grown in 100% compost at all of the fertilizer rates were larger than all other plants in this study.

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Desorption of crystal violet from alkali-treated agricultural material waste: an experimental study, kinetic, equilibrium and thermodynamic modeling

Pigment & Resin Technology ◽

10.1108/prt-02-2021-0019 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Noureddine El Messaoudi ◽

Mohammed El Khomri ◽

Zahra Goodarzvand Chegini ◽

Abdellah Dbik ◽

Safae Bentahar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crystal Violet ◽

Organic Pollutant ◽

Phoenix Dactylifera ◽

Content Type ◽

Desorption Study ◽

Adsorption Desorption ◽

First Time ◽

Practical Implications ◽

Kinetic Equilibrium ◽

Agricultural Material

Purpose This paper aims to focus on studying the batch desorption of adsorbed crystal violet (CV) from date stones (Phoenix dactylifera), untreated (UDS) and treated using NaOH (TDS). Design/methodology/approach The process variables such as different desorbing agents, volume and concentration of the desorbing agent, contact time, dye concentration before adsorption and temperature affecting CV desorption from CV-loaded untreated date stones (CV@UDS) and treated adsorbent (CV@TDS) were optimized. The UDS and TDS were regenerated using 0.6 m HCl as eluent. Findings The HCl solution was an excellent eluent for the CV desorption from CV@UDS (96.45%) and CV@TDS (98.11%). The second-order model and the Langmuir model well exemplified experimental data with maximum desorption capacities were 63.29 mg g−1 for the CV@UDS and 243.90 mg g−1 for the CV@TDS. The calculated thermodynamic showed that the CV desorption was spontaneous, endothermic and physical. Good regeneration and reusability of UDS and TDS for the CV removal for four consecutive adsorption–desorption cycles. Practical implications This study provided a good example of reusing UDS and TDS with NaOH for fast removal of a toxic organic pollutant, CV from the wastewaters. Originality/value The use of UDS and TDS with NaOH for the first time for desorption study and their reusability to removing CV from their aqueous solutions.

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Water Absorbency Properties of OPEFB Filled Hydrogels Composites

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.980.18 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 980 ◽

pp. 18-22

Author(s):

Nurul Ekmi Rabat ◽

Shahrir Hashim ◽

Rohah A. Majid

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Slow Release ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Water Absorbency ◽

Empty Fruit Bunch ◽

Drying Process ◽

Hydrogel Composite ◽

Slow Release Fertilizer ◽

Hydrogel Composites ◽

Scanning Electron

For slow release fertilizer application, oil palm empty fruit bunch-grafted-poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) [OPEFB-g-P(AA-co-AAm)] hydrogel composites were synthesized via two techniques; Two Steps (T1) and in-situ (T2). Scanning electron microscopy of hydrogel composite T1 has higher surface area and holes while hydrogel T2 displays smoother and tighter surface. Water absorbency capacity of hydrogel T1 is 42.90 gram/gram (g/g) and hydrogel T2 is 39.96 g/g. WAC of hydrogel T2 has much better re-swelling ability compared to T1 after it went through five cycles of drying-swelling-drying process. Hence, T2 has produced a hydrogel composite that is reusable with great morphology properties.

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Salmonella enterica in Soils Amended with Heat-Treated Poultry Pellets Survived Longer than Bacteria in Unamended Soils and More Readily Transferred to and Persisted on Spinach

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.00334-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 85 (10) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Manoj K. Shah ◽

Rhodel Bradshaw ◽

Esmond Nyarko ◽

Eric T. Handy ◽

Cheryl East ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salmonella Enterica ◽

Slow Release ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Plate Count ◽

Amended Soils ◽

Content Type ◽

Slow Release Fertilizer ◽

Unamended Soil ◽

Heat Treated ◽

Mutant Strains

ABSTRACT Untreated biological soil amendments of animal origin (BSAAO) are commonly used as biological fertilizers but can harbor foodborne pathogens like Salmonella enterica, leading to potential transfer from soils to fruits and vegetables intended for human consumption. Heat-treated poultry pellets (HTPP) can provide produce growers with a slow-release fertilizer with a minimized risk of pathogen contamination. Little is known about the impact of HTPP-amended soil on the survival of Salmonella enterica. The contributions of RpoS and formation of viable but nonculturable cells to Salmonella survival in soils are also inadequately understood. We quantified the survival of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Newport wild-type (WT) and rpoS-deficient (ΔrpoS mutant) strains in HTPP-amended and unamended soil with or without spinach plants over 91 days using culture and quantitative PCR methods with propidium monoazide (PMA-qPCR). Simulated “splash” transfer of S. Newport from soil to spinach was evaluated at 35 and 63 days postinoculation (dpi). The S. Newport WT and ΔrpoS mutant reached the limit of detection, 1.0 log CFU/g (dry weight), in unamended soil after 35 days, whereas 2 to 4 log CFU/g (dry weight) was observed for both WT and ΔrpoS mutant strains at 91 dpi in HTPP-amended soil. S. Newport levels in soils determined by PMA-qPCR and plate count methods were similar (P > 0.05). HTPP-amended soils supported higher levels of S. Newport transfer to and survival on spinach leaves for longer periods of time than did unamended soils (P < 0.05). Salmonella Newport introduced to HTPP-amended soils survived for longer periods and was more likely to transfer to and persist on spinach plants than was S. Newport introduced to unamended soils. IMPORTANCE Heat-treated poultry pellets (HTPP) often are used by fruit and vegetable growers as a slow-release fertilizer. However, contamination of soil on farms may occur through contaminated irrigation water or scat from wild animals. Here, we show that the presence of HTPP in soil led to increased S. Newport survival in soil and to greater likelihood of its transfer to and survival on spinach plants. There were no significant differences in survival durations of WT and ΔrpoS mutant isolates of S. Newport. The statistically similar populations recovered by plate count and estimated by PMA-qPCR for both strains in the amended and unamended soils in this study indicate that all viable populations of S. Newport in soils were culturable.

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Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Recovery of Container-Grown Red Oak and Blackgum Seedlings Under Different Fertilizer Application Methods

Journal of Environmental Horticulture ◽

10.24266/0738-2898-13.4.169 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 169-175

Author(s):

Daniel K. Struve

Keyword(s):

Slow Release ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Red Oak ◽

Plant Nutrient ◽

Slow Release Fertilizer ◽

Application Methods ◽

Soluble Fertilizer ◽

Daily Application

Abstract Red oak (Quercus rubra L.) and blackgum (Nyssa sylvatica L.) seedlings were grown under five fertilizer application methods: 60 or 30 g slow release fertilizer (21N-1.8P-8.3K: Woodace 21-4-10) with a daily application of 3.8 liters of 25 mg/liter N from a water soluble fertilizer (15N-6.9P-14.1K: 15-16-17 Peter's) or not, or 3.8 liters daily application of 25 mg/liter N from a water soluble fertilizer. The largest red oak and blackgum seedlings were grown under a combination of water soluble plus 60 g slow release fertilizer. Red oak N, P and K recovery rates ranged from 4.1 to 8.6%, 4.5 to 8.8% and 4.2 to 16.5%, respectively. Blackgum N, P and K recovery rates ranged from 12.1 to 19.2%, 15.5 to 23.6% and 13.7 to 37.8%. Plant growth (both dry weight and height) was more highly correlated with total plant nutrient content (mg N/plant) than with whole plant nutrient concentration (mg N/g dry weight), except for K in blackgum seedlings. The results suggest that red oak and blackgum seedling N and P nutritional status is more accurately predicted by plant height or dry weight than by tissue concentration.

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