A built-in I/sub DDQ/ test circuit utilizing upper and lower limits

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Miura ◽  
S. Naito
Keyword(s):  
Test Circuit ◽  
Lower Limits

The Value of Subjective Appreciation in the Medical Record – II. The Evalution of the General Condition of the Patient

1978 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 103-105
Author(s):  
D. Lahaye ◽  
D. Roosels ◽  
J. Viaene
Keyword(s):  
Medical Record ◽  
General Condition ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Computer File ◽  
Real Group ◽  
Empiric Data ◽  
Medical Examinations ◽  
Lower Limits

Based on the analysis of 13,110 medical examinations performed on a standardized population of pneumoconiosis patients recorded on the F.O.D. computer file, the authors describe the value of the subjective estimations of »obesity«, »thinness« or »normal weight« by their correlation with the observed weight and height. Although there are striking differences in appreciation between the physicians performing the examinations, the qualifications »obese«, »thin« or »normal« correspond with real group differences in weight, between certain limits which can be defined. The ratio between the observed weight and the expected weight (using the Broca formula) shows the same pattern. In tins way it becomes possible to propose upper and lower limits for obesity, thinness and normal weight based on purely empiric data. Feeding back this information to the examining physicians should help reduce the differences between physicians and improve the results. Therefore, the authors find it useful to keep such information in the computer file.

Test Circuit Conditioning for Soft Defect Localization

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristopher D. Staller ◽  
Corey Goodrich
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Signal Frequency ◽  
Dynamic Failure ◽  
The Third ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Test Circuit ◽  
Defect Localization ◽  
Manual Input ◽  
Fast Dynamic

Abstract Soft Defect Localization (SDL) is a dynamic laser-based failure analysis technique that can detect circuit upsets (or cause a malfunctioning circuit to recover) by generation of localized heat or photons from a rastered laser beam. SDL is the third and seldom used method on the LSM tool. Most failure analysis LSM sessions use the endo-thermic mode (TIVA, XIVA, OBIRCH), followed by the photo-injection mode (LIVA) to isolate most of their failures. SDL is seldom used or attempted, unless there is a unique and obvious failure mode that can benefit from the application. Many failure analysts, with a creative approach to the analysis, can employ SDL. They will benefit by rapidly finding the location of the failure mechanism and forgoing weeks of nodal probing and isolation. This paper will cover circuit signal conditioning to allow for fast dynamic failure isolation using an LSM for laser stimulation. Discussions of several cases will demonstrate how the laser can be employed for triggering across a pass/fail boundary as defined by voltage levels, supply currents, signal frequency, or digital flags. A technique for manual input of the LSM trigger is also discussed.

A Rapid Method for Determination of Buprenorphine and Norbuprenorphine in Urine by UPLC-MS/MS

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aykut Kul ◽  
Murat Ozdemir ◽  
Selma Ozilhan ◽  
Olcay Sagirli
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Rapid Method ◽  
Proficiency Testing ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Illicit Market ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Lower Limits

Background: Buprenorphine is quite common in the illicit market. Buprenorphine-containing drugs abuse is frequently encountered in patients. The analysis methods used to determine the abuse of buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine are important for forensic science. Buprenorphine is metabolized to norbuprenorphine by the liver. Objective: Therefore, the determination of buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine in urine is one of the methods to determine the abuse of buprenorphine. Methods: In this study, we have developed a precise, simple, and rapid ultra-performance liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometer method for the determination of buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine simultaneously. Results: The developed method was validated in terms of selectivity and linearity, which was in the range of 9–1800 ng/mL for both buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine. The intra-assay and inter-assay accuracy and precision were found within acceptable limits of the EMA guideline. Lower limits of quantitation were 9 ng/mL for both buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine. Conclusion: The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of both analytes in the proficiency testing samples.

scholarly journals Positive solutions of a discrete second-order boundary value problems with fully nonlinear term

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyun Jin ◽  
Hua Luo
Keyword(s):  
Positive Solutions ◽  
Fixed Point Index ◽  
Nonlinear Term ◽  
Boundary Value ◽  
Index Theory ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Fully Nonlinear ◽  
Fixed Point Index Theory ◽  
Weaker Conditions ◽  
Lower Limits

Abstract In this paper, we mainly consider a kind of discrete second-order boundary value problem with fully nonlinear term. By using the fixed-point index theory, we obtain some existence results of positive solutions of this kind of problems. Instead of the upper and lower limits condition on f, we may only impose some weaker conditions on f.

Test Method of Current Leakage for Dielectric Paste

2012 ◽  
Vol 220-223 ◽  
pp. 1573-1576
Author(s):  
Zhi Hong Hou
Keyword(s):  
Glass Substrate ◽  
Dielectric Layer ◽  
Screen Printing ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Conducting Layer ◽  
Current Leakage ◽  
Test Circuit ◽  
Conductive Line ◽  
Hybrid Microcircuit ◽  
Sintering Processes

A test method of current leakage for dielectric paste was proposed by simulating the application processes of dielectric paste for manufacturing the dielectric layer in the multilayer thick film hybrid microcircuit. That is, by screen printing and sintering processes, the sliver conducting layer was fabricated on the surface of glass substrate, and then dielectric layer, finally the glass substrate sample with conducting layer and dielectric layer was dipped in 5 Wt% NaCl aqueous solution. The conductive line was soldered on the silver conducting layer to form the test circuit, and powered with 5 volts direct power, the current in the test circuit was taken as the current leakage of the dielectric paste. The method may be used to evaluate the current leakage of dielectric paste.

Lower limits of evaluation parameters for the lower Paleozoic Longmaxi shale gas in southern Sichuan Province

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 710-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
YanJun Li ◽  
Huan Liu ◽  
LieHui Zhang ◽  
ZongGang Lu ◽  
QiRong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shale Gas ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Lower Paleozoic ◽  
Longmaxi Shale ◽  
Lower Limits ◽  
Evaluation Parameters

scholarly journals Effect of Cover Plate on the Ballistic Performance of Ceramic Armor

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Miao Sun ◽  
Wuxiong Cao ◽  
Diqi Hu ◽  
Nana Zhang ◽  
Runqiang Chi
Keyword(s):  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Cover Plate ◽  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
Transition Velocity ◽  
Free Mode ◽  
Long Rod ◽  
Lower Limits ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Velocity Region ◽  
Cover Plates

The interface defeat and dwell can effectively improve the ballistic performance of ceramic armors under high velocity impact of long rod projectiles. Confinement conditions along both axial and radial directions of ceramic armors can affect these behaviors. With the aim of giving an insight into the effect of cover plate thickness and connection mode of cover plates with confining tubes on these behaviors, numerical simulations were performed in which the confined silicon carbide (SiC) targets with cover plates were impacted by tungsten rods. The pressure on the surfaces of SiC targets with fixed cover plates are compared to that with free cover plates, showing that the plates fixed with the confining tubes can produce higher pressure by way of wedging. With the increase in cover plate thickness, the dwell duration of the tungsten rods on the ceramic interface gradually grows. In addition, the upper and lower limits of transition impact velocities for the SiC targets with cover plates in different connection modes (i.e., free or fixed) were obtained and analyzed. The results show that the increase rate of the transition velocity region for the cover plate with the fixed-mode is relatively stable and lower than with the free-mode. On this basis, the fixed cover plate contributes higher ballistic performances to the SiC target than the free cover plate. It is also noteworthy that the size of transition velocity region does not enlarge linearly with the increase in cover plate thickness due to the slow growth of the upper limit. Accordingly, thickness thresholds exist, which are 5 mm and 6 mm for the fixed and free cover plates, respectively. Considering the ballistic performance and economy, the cover plate with the thickness ranging from 3 mm to 5 mm, i.e., 1.5~2.5 times of the tungsten rod diameter, is ideal for the structural dimensions in this paper.

Economies in ferroalloys when working at the lower limits of the content of alloying components

Metallurgist ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 442-443
Author(s):  
M. Chekalkin ◽  
A. Sergushin
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limits

A 35Cl magnetic resonance study of chloride exchange on indium(III) and thallium(III) in aqueous hydrochloric acid solution

1975 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1901 ◽  
Author(s):  
SF Lincoln ◽  
AC Sandercock ◽  
DR Stranks
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid Solution ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Study ◽  
Aqueous Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Chloride Exchange ◽  
Lower Limits ◽  
Aqueous Hydrochloric Acid Solution

The parameters describing chloride exchange on indium(III), determined by 35Cl N.M.R., are: k(298 K)= (8.8�0+4) x 106 s-1, ΔH? = 45.7�2.3 kJ mol-1 and ΔS? = 42�8 J mol-1 K-1; and k(298 K)= (2.0�0.1)x106 s-1, ΔH? = 37.7�1.9 kJ mol-1, and ΔS? = 3�6 J mol-1 K-1 in 10.95M and 7.00M aqueous hydrochloric acid respectively, calculated from the observed exchange rate kex4[InCl4(H2O)2-].��� For thallium(III) lower limits of kex(219 K) = 1.6 x 106 s-1 and 1.3 x 106 s-1 were obtained in 10.95M and 7.00M aqueous hydrochloric acid, respectively, where [TlCl6]3- is assumed to be the exchanging species.

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