Reaserch on the Impact of Satellite Navigation Time Service Interference on Power System Transmission Line Fault Location

This research work proposed an improved Resonant Fault Current Limiting (RFCL) protection scheme to reduce the impact of three-phase short-circuit faults in a power system sub-transmission network. The model used an interpolator-extrapolator technique based on a Resonant Fault Current Limiter (RFCL) for automating the procedure of predicting the required reactor value that must be in resonant circuit to limit the short-circuit current values to permissible values. Using the developed model, short-circuit fault simulations on the three phases of the transmission line (Phase A-C) were performed in the MATLAB-SIMULINK environment. Simulation results were obtained by varying the resonant inductance (reactor) parameter of the RFCL circuit for each of the phases to obtain permissible short-circuit current levels and the values used to program a functional interpolator-extrapolator in MATLAB; the resonant values were typically set to values of inductance equal to 0.001H, 0.01H and from 0.1H to 0.5H in steps of 0.1H. Simulation results revealed the presence of very high short-circuit current levels at low values of the resonant inductor. From the results of simulations, there are indications that the RFCL approach is indeed very vital in the reduction of the short circuit current values during the fault and can safeguard the circuit breaker mechanism in the examined power system sub-transmission system. In addition, lower fault clearing times can be obtained at higher values of inductances; however, the clearance times start to converge at inductance values of 0.1H and above.

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A Review of methodologies for Fault Location Techniques in Distribution Power System

Iraqi Journal for Electrical And Electronic Engineering ◽

10.37917/ijeee.17.2.4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 27-37

Author(s):

Ahmed Abbas ◽

Mazyed Al-Tak

Keyword(s):

Power Systems ◽

Power System ◽

Distribution Systems ◽

Fault Location ◽

Comprehensive Evaluation ◽

Distribution Networks ◽

Test System ◽

Lightning Strike ◽

Location Methods ◽

The Impact

Since recent societies become more hooked into electricity, a higher level of power supply continuity is required from power systems. The expansion of those systems makes them liable to electrical faults and several failures are raised due to totally different causes, like the lightning strike, power system element failure caused by mechanical aging as well as human mistakes. These conditions impact the stability of the power as well as lead to costly maintenance and loss of output. This article examines the latest technologies and strategies to determine the location of faults in medium voltage distribution systems. The aim is to classify and assess different strategies in order to determine the best recommended models in practice or for further improvement. Several ways to locate failures in distribution networks have therefore been established. Because faults are unpredictable, quick fault location as well as isolating are necessary to reduce the impact of faults in distribution networks as well as removing the emergency condition from the entire system. This study also includes a comprehensive evaluation of several defect location methods depending on the algorithm employed, the input, the test system, the characteristics retrieved, and the degree of complexity. In order to gain further insight into the strengths and limitations of each method and also comparative analysis is carried out. Then the main problems of the fault location methods in distribution network are briefly expounded

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Power system fault identification and localization using multiple linear regression of principal component distance indices

International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) ◽

10.11591/ijape.v9.i2.pp113-126 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 113

Author(s):

Alok Mukherjee ◽

Palash Kr. Kundu ◽

Arabinda Das

Keyword(s):

Linear Regression ◽

Power System ◽

Transmission Line ◽

Multiple Linear Regression ◽

Fault Location ◽

Principal Component ◽

Correct Prediction ◽

Error Matrix ◽

Ratio Error ◽

Index Matrix

<span>This paper is focused on the application of principal component analysis (PCA) to classify and localize power system faults in a three phase, radial, long transmission line using receiving end line currents taken almost at the midpoint of the line length. The PCA scores are analyzed to compute principal component distance index (PCDI) which is further analyzed using a ratio based analysis to develop ratio index matrix (R) and ratio error matrix (RE) and ratio error index (REI) which are used to develop a fault classifier, which produces a 100% correct prediction. The later part of the paper deals with the development of a fault localizer using the same PCDI corresponding to six intermediate training locations, which are analyzed with tool like Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) in order to predict the fault location with significantly high accuracy of only 87 m for a 150 km long radial transmission line.</span>

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Fault Location Based on Synchronized Measurements: A Comprehensive Survey

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/845307 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A. H. Al-Mohammed ◽

M. A. Abido

Keyword(s):

Wavelet Transform ◽

Metal Oxide ◽

Power System ◽

Transmission Line ◽

High Frequency ◽

Fault Location ◽

Future Research ◽

Comprehensive Survey ◽

Synchronized Measurements ◽

Transmission And Distribution

This paper presents a comprehensive survey on transmission and distribution fault location algorithms that utilize synchronized measurements. Algorithms based on two-end synchronized measurements and fault location algorithms on three-terminal and multiterminal lines are reviewed. Series capacitors equipped with metal oxide varistors (MOVs), when set on a transmission line, create certain problems for line fault locators and, therefore, fault location on series-compensated lines is discussed. The paper reports the work carried out on adaptive fault location algorithms aiming at achieving better fault location accuracy. Work associated with fault location on power system networks, although limited, is also summarized. Additionally, the nonstandard high-frequency-related fault location techniques based on wavelet transform are discussed. Finally, the paper highlights the area for future research.

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A New Single-Ended Fault Location Method Based on Bergeron Model

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.2939 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 433-440 ◽

pp. 2939-2944

Author(s):

Jian Bo Xin ◽

Xiang Ning Lin ◽

Zhi Qian Bo

Keyword(s):

Transmission Line ◽

Phase Angle ◽

Transmission Lines ◽

Fault Location ◽

Distributed Parameter ◽

Phase Voltage ◽

Location Method ◽

Distributed Parameter Model ◽

Location Algorithm ◽

The Impact

On EHV transmission lines, the impact of distributed capacitance is necessary to be considered in case of fault location. A novel fault location method for single-phase grounded fault of transmission lines is presented based on the distributed parameter model of transmission line. In this method only the voltage and current of single end is used. The residual phase voltage at the fault point should have the same phase angle as the current through fault branch due to the pure resistive characteristics of the fault path impedance. By virtue of searching the minimum phase angle differ-ence between the phase voltage along the transmission line and the fault-component current meas-ured at the side equipped with protection, the fault distance can be located. ATP simulations are used to generate data that are supplied as inputs to the fault location algorithm.

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Impact of optical current transformer on protection scheme of hybrid transmission line

Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science ◽

10.11591/ijeecs.v24.i1.pp1-11 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Zainal Arifin ◽

Muhammad Zulham ◽

Eko Prasetyo

Keyword(s):

Transmission Line ◽

Fault Location ◽

Power Transmission ◽

Current Transformer ◽

System Stability ◽

Protection Scheme ◽

Circulating Current ◽

Instrument Transformers ◽

Hybrid Transmission ◽

The Impact

Continuity of power transmission is important to ensure the reliability of the electricity supply. As most system faults are temporary, the auto reclose (AR) scheme has been used extensively to minimise the outage duration, prevent widespread outages, thus increase system stability. Meanwhile, the hybrid transmission line (HTL) combining overhead line (OHL) and high voltage cable has been introduced to provide an inexpensive solution for an urban power grid. Protecting HTL with a conventional protection system would forbid the operation of the AR scheme due to difficulty to ensure whether the fault occurred on the OHL or cable section. Therefore, the circulating current protection (CCP) scheme is used in the cable section to ensure the fault location and block the AR scheme. The technology of an optical current transformer (OCT) as one of the non-conventional instrument transformers (NCIT) has emerged to provide a solution to drawbacks on the conventional current transformer (CCT). Consequently, this paper investigated the impact of using OCT over the CCT for CCP of the HTL. The result shows that OCT could be used for CCP on much longer cable sections thus increase its reliability as the AR scheme can be used on longer or multiple cable section.

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Impact Analysis of 220 Kv And 400 Kv Transmission Lines on The Integrated Nepal Power System

Technical Journal ◽

10.3126/tj.v2i1.32842 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 75-80

Author(s):

Ganesh Bhandari ◽

Bishal Rimal ◽

Sandeep Neupane

Keyword(s):

Power System ◽

Transmission Line ◽

Transmission Lines ◽

Impact Analysis ◽

Flow Analysis ◽

Load Flow ◽

Active Power ◽

Total System ◽

Voltage Profile ◽

The Impact

Power is an essential requirement for the economic development of any country. To maintain the generation of electric power at an adequate level the power has to be transmitted in a proper form to the consumer. For determination of line losses, voltage profiles and expansion of system, load flow analysis is most essential tools. This paper deals with the impact analysis of new 220 kV and 400 kV lines on Interconnected Nepal Power System (132 kV grid) in Electrical Transient Analyzer Program (ETAP). It represents the present scenario of the power system of Nepal and their impact analysis. Load flow result of existing 132 kV line shows that there is about 44.56 MW active power losses in the transmission line before any compensation techniques. After the Optimal Capacitor Placement, in the existing transmission line the active power loss decreases to about 34.224 MW as well as the voltage profile at each bus improves. The load flow result of the under construction 220 kV and 400 kV lines on the existing line shows that the total system loss would decrease to about 27.445 MW with the voltage profile improvement. The simulated model, result and analysis are presented in this paper.

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Steady State Overvoltages of TCSC Terminals and Their Impact on Degree of Compensation and Transmitted Power of Radical Power System

International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems ◽

10.2202/1553-779x.1212 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fawzi A. Rahman Al Jowder

Keyword(s):

Steady State ◽

Power System ◽

Transmission Line ◽

Maximum Degree ◽

Transmitted Power ◽

Compensation Scheme ◽

Inductive Load ◽

The Impact

This paper studies, in a tutorial form, the impact of location of the TCSC on the degree of compensation and the transmitted power of a radial power system. The voltages of the two terminals of the TCSC have been examined at different locations with increase in the degree of compensation and transmitted power. The objective is to limit these voltages to 1.05 pu and obtaining maximum degree of compensation. Two cases were studied: (1) The case when the receiving end is a large AC system where the receiving end voltage is always maintained at 1.0 pu which is designated as case # 1 and (2) The case when the receiving end is an inductive load (R-L) load and it is designated as case # 2. For case #1, it has been found that sitting the TCSC at the sending or receiving end causes a large overvoltage. In contrast, sitting it at the midpoint could not cause overvoltage up to 0.5 degree of compensation. If it is higher than this value, overvoltage has been found. Thus placing the TCSC at the midpoint provides a compensation range up to 0.5. If the TCSC are disparted in two or three smaller TCSCs, which are equal in size and equally spaced along the transmission line, it has been found that higher degree of compensation can be obtained. This scheme has been found to be best compensation scheme to obtain a wide compensation range. In case 2, the sending end positioning has been found to cause overvoltage while the receiving end positioning provides a wide compensation range up to 1 without overvoltage at any point. Similar to case # 1, sitting the TCSC at the midpoint causes overvoltage at a degree of compensation greater than 0.5. For distributed TCSCs, a degree of compensation greater 0.5 can be obtained and the maximum degree of compensation depends upon the number of TCSCs. For case # 2, the best position has been found to be at the load end. In addition to the two study cases, a relation between the number of the distributed TCSCs and the maximum degree of compensation has been developed.

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Fault Location Effect on Short-Circuit Calculations of a TCVR Compensated Line in Algeria

International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) ◽

10.11591/ijece.v5i1.pp1-12 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Mohamed Zellagui ◽

Heba Ahmed Hassan ◽

Abdelaziz Chaghi

Keyword(s):

Transmission Line ◽

Fault Location ◽

Short Circuit ◽

Research Work ◽

Main Function ◽

High Voltage Transmission Line ◽

Fault Resistance ◽

Study Case ◽

Simulation Results ◽

The Impact

This research work investigated the effect of fault location on short-circuit calculations for a high voltage transmission line equipped with a novel FACTS device, namely Thyristor Controlled Voltage Regulator (TCVR). This main function of this device was to control the voltage and active power of the line. The paper considered a study case for a 220 kV transmission line, in the Algerian transmission power network, which was subjected to a phase to earth fault in the presence of a fixed fault resistance. The paper presented theoretical analysis of the short-circuit calculations which was confirmed by the illustrated simulation results. Simulation results showed the impact of the fault location on the symmetrical current and voltage components of the line, and transmission line phase currents and voltages; before using TCVR and in the presence of TCVR for both cases of positive and negative TCVR controlled voltage.

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