The Effect of the Melatonin-containing Drug on the Histological Structure of the Organs of the Immune System of Mice under Round-the-Clock Illumination

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V Shurlygina ◽  
A.E. Serykh ◽  
S.V. Michurina ◽  
E.E. Rachkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Histological Structure

scholarly journals Histopatologi Ginjal Ikan Jambal Siam (Pangasiodon hypophthalmus) yang Diberi Pakan Mengandung Tepung Kunyit

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Morina Riauwaty ◽  
Windarti Windarti
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Kidney Cell ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Herbal Plant

Turmeric is an herbal plant that has antibacterial and antioxidant abilities, and also to improve the fish's immune system. The aim of this research was to look at the histological structure of kidney and survival rate fish which was given feed with turmeric flour before and after infected with A. hydrophila. This research was conducted from February to May 2019 in the Laboratory of Parasites and Fish Diseases of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of Riau. The method in this research was the experimental method by one-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five levels. Kn (feeding without given turmeric flour and without infection with A. hydrophila), Kp (Feeding without given turmeric flour and infected with A. hydrophila), P1 (turmeric flour at a dose of 0.5 g / kg of feed), P2 (dose of 0.7 g / kg), P3 (dose of 0.9 g / kg). The results showed that the histological structure of catfish which was given the addition of turmeric flour in feed by normal conditions and after being challenged with A. hydrophila showed some damage to the gill and kidney structure. The best dose of adding turmeric flour to feed is 0.7 g / kg of feed (P2), seen from the structure of the kidney cell, and the best survival. Histological structure of kidney cell structure in P2 treatment has abnormality such as hemorrhage and survival rate 100%.

scholarly journals Influence of Selenium on the Morphology of Immune System Organs in Healthy Broilers

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Korzeniowska ◽  
Jan P. Madej ◽  
Tadeusz Stefaniak ◽  
Wieslaw Kopec
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Organic Selenium ◽  
Inorganic Selenium ◽  
Partial Depletion

Abstract This study aimed to establish the effect of dietary supplementation in broiler chickens of organic and inorganic selenium on the weight and structure of the thymus, bursa of Fabricius and spleen. Three dietary regimes were studied in Flex and F15 Hubbard chickens: (i) control, (ii) diets containing 0.5 mg organic selenium/kg by selenized yeast, (iii) diets supplemented with 0.5 mg ionic selenium/kg (sodium selenite). The results showed that the feed additives did not affect the relative weight of the immune system organs, i.e. bursa of Fabricius, thymus and spleen. The organic selenium in the F15 resulted in thinning of the thymic cortex and partial depletion of the lymphoid cells. Moreover, both the organic and inorganic selenium supplementation resulted in depopulation of bursal medulla from lymphocytes in the F15 group. In contrast, in Flex chickens no significant differences in histological structure and morphometric values of lymphoid organs between chickens fed organic and inorganic selenium were found.

scholarly journals Pathomorphology of certain organs of immunogenesis by experimental reproduction of coronavirus infection in dogs

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (99) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
N. Radzikhovsky ◽  
I. Sokulskiy ◽  
O. Dyshkant
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Field Isolate ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Rabbit Kidney ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Experimental Reproduction ◽  
Immunocompetent Organs ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

The article, based on the results of histological studies, presents data on the microscopic structure of the immune system – thymus, spleen, lymph nodes of dogs with experimental infection with coronavirus enteritis. Pathomorphological studies of immunocompetent organs from the dead (n = 5) puppies crossed Labrador breeds with outbred, infected with a coronavirus field isolate cultured on heterologous cell cultures (kidney kidney hamster (BHK-21), rabbit kidney (RK-13) and the renal mumps (SPEV). Pathological dissection of dogs was performed by partial evisceration in the usual sequence. Prepared histological sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin according to standard recipes. The general histological structure and microstructural changes of histo- and cytostructures of organs in histological samples were studied under a light microscope. During coronavirus enteritis in dogs, pathomorphological changes in immunocompetent organs were found, which characterize the suppression of immunogenesis function during an infectious disease of viral etiology. Thus, in the spleen there are spotted hemorrhages, lymph nodes, moderate hyperplasia, with signs of hemorrhagic inflammation. Active proliferation of lymphoid cells, which leads to hyperplasia, is one of the markers of the pathogen's effect on the macroorganism in the form of an inflammatory process in regional lymph nodes, which indicates the multiplication of the virus and the development of immunological processes. Based on our analysis of literature sources, monitoring results and our own research, it was found that viral enteritis occupies a leading place in the infectious pathology of dogs and causes significant harm to animal owners. Thus, the need for additional research to clarify, supplement and summarize data on the pathomorphology of various organs and tissues in canine corona viridae enteritis, current immunoprophylaxis and treatment can significantly reduce the incidence and mortality from infection. We found a set of histological changes in the immune system during the experimental reproduction of coronavirus infection, can be considered a characteristic criterion for pathomorphological differential diagnosis of coronavirus enteritis in dogs.

Learned Placebo Effects in the Immune System

2014 ◽  
Vol 222 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Vits ◽  
Manfred Schedlowski
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Associative Learning ◽  
Placebo Response ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drug ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Placebo Effects ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Biological Variables ◽  
Experimental Approaches

Associative learning processes are one of the major neuropsychological mechanisms steering the placebo response in different physiological systems and end organ functions. Learned placebo effects on immune functions are based on the bidirectional communication between the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral immune system. Based on this “hardware,” experimental evidence in animals and humans showed that humoral and cellular immune functions can be affected by behavioral conditioning processes. We will first highlight and summarize data documenting the variety of experimental approaches conditioning protocols employed, affecting different immunological functions by associative learning. Taking a well-established paradigm employing a conditioned taste aversion model in rats with the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine A (CsA) as an unconditioned stimulus (US) as an example, we will then summarize the efferent and afferent communication pathways as well as central processes activated during a learned immunosuppression. In addition, the potential clinical relevance of learned placebo effects on the outcome of immune-related diseases has been demonstrated in a number of different clinical conditions in rodents. More importantly, the learned immunosuppression is not restricted to experimental animals but can be also induced in humans. These data so far show that (i) behavioral conditioned immunosuppression is not limited to a single event but can be reproduced over time, (ii) immunosuppression cannot be induced by mere expectation, (iii) psychological and biological variables can be identified as predictors for this learned immunosuppression. Together with experimental approaches employing a placebo-controlled dose reduction these data provide a basis for new therapeutic approaches to the treatment of diseases where a suppression of immune functions is required via modulation of nervous system-immune system communication by learned placebo effects.

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