MOS: Towards Scaling Out-of-distribution Detection for Large Semantic Space

Definitions of concept and sphere of the concept are widely used in different aspects of modern linguistics. There is no single understanding of these notions and universal methodology of research has not been invented by linguists yet. This predetermines topicality of the article. The aim of our research is analysis, generalization, and systematization of different approaches to the interpretation of the notion ‘concept’ that exist in modern linguistics. It results in the following tasks: analysis of existing definitions of concept and its division into certain ranges and defining classification features. Modern linguists raise the questions of the conceptual and linguistic image of the world, the role of a human factor in its formation and interaction as in a linguistic process more frequently and it is defined as a fact in today’s linguistic scientific literature. The problem of individual language formation, poetic one in particular gains important meaning in this context. Ukrainian linguists use the notion of ‘concept’ for a long time now although they adhere to different views on its definition. Researches of the question define two major approaches in the analysis of the notion ‘concept’ that is linguistic-cognitive and linguistic-cultural. We can claim that words-concepts are agents between material reality and the ideal world that is synthesized in poetry, carriers of sense since with their help the versatility of the real world correlates with eternal spiritual values. Therefore, main features of the notion ‘concept’ in which objectively-cognitive and subjectively-creative features are combines are as follow sensual authenticity, time-spatial features, mediation between material and spiritual, semantic filling, ability to polysemy. A word with a generally symbolic meaning that is implemented in a language process through literary techniques typical for poet’s idiotype is the main core of the concept. The concept in poetic language formation by modern Uman poets is semantically integral, fulfilled, able to penetrate into other concepts and absorb semantically narrower images saving unity and semantic independence, varying numerous interpretations that project it in a certain semantic space, saving potential of real reflection.

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Value and motivational aspects of employee personality in the monetary and financial sector

Economics and Management ◽

10.35854/1998-1627-2019-6-95-101 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 95-101

Author(s):

D. V. Vel’misova

Keyword(s):

Organizational Performance ◽

Labor Relations ◽

Employee Performance ◽

Group Analysis ◽

Financial Sector ◽

Employee Motivation ◽

Semantic Space ◽

Value Systems ◽

Professional Activity ◽

Professional Qualification

The presented study examines the value and motivational aspects of employee personality in the monetary and financial sector in 2017–2019.Aim. The study aims to perform a sociological analysis of value and motivational aspects and to substantiate their regulatory role in improving employee performance in the monetary and financial sector.Tasks. Based on the proposed methodology for the diagnostics of the value and motivational aspects of employee personality in the monetary and financial sector, the author performs an empirical analysis of the professional activity of different employee categories, identifies the major orientations and preferences, and develops a five-step plan to improve employee motivation in professional activity.Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of this study includes findings of Russian and foreign authors in the field of value systems, motives, personal priorities, their formation, dynamics, and impact on individual and social development.Results. The study determines the essence of value and motivational aspects; develops a refined methodology for the diagnostics of the value and motivational aspects of employee personality in the monetary and financial sector; performs a comparative analysis of value and motivational aspects, including detection of statistically significant differences depending on employee affiliation with professional qualification and status groups; identifies patterns in the dynamics of the value-semantic space of monetary and financial organizations in the field of social and labor relations.Conclusions. The main conclusion to be drawn from this study is that the structure of value and motivational aspects, which are an attribute of the quality and performance of employee labor in the monetary and financial sector, differs significantly depending on employee affiliation with a certain status or professional qualification group. Analysis, modeling, and monitoring of the value and motivational aspects that characterize certain social and professional roles, interpretation of this information and its application in the regulation of social and labor relations are the crucial componentsof management of labor quality and organizational performance.

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To The Problem Of Researching Individual Concepts In Author’s Texts

Tyumen State University Herald Humanities Research Humanitates ◽

10.21684/2411-197x-2020-6-1-6-19 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 6-19

Author(s):

Nadezhda V. Razumkova

Keyword(s):

Intercultural Communication ◽

Semantic Space ◽

Individual Characteristics ◽

Literary Translation ◽

Anthropological Linguistics ◽

Individual Concepts ◽

And Gender ◽

Further Development ◽

Aesthetic Values ◽

Individual Style

This article reviews the text concept studies on the material of a Russian poem and its translation into Chinese within the framework of the anthropological linguistics. The study of individual concepts, embodying the ethical and aesthetic values of a creative person, is relevant and promising for the further development of establishing their role in the implementation of a writer’s individual style in translation. The author analyzes the lexical-semantic space, which implements a fragment of the content of the universal concept of HOME, presented in the original and translated texts. The author presents a linguistic experiment carried out among Chinese students. Its purpose was to consider the cognitive (indicative, figurative, and situational) basis of the content of the translation and the degree of its compliance with the author’s intention. The tasks include the description of translation transformations as well as interpretation of the mental reactions of Chinese respondents. The results obtained indicate that the author’s representation of the HOME concept is achieved through the use of cognitive structures, associated with Russian traditional views. The representation of the discursive concept by interpreters is accompanied by cognitive refraction in terms of the associative development of thoughts. Literary translation is seen as an indirect act of intercultural communication, the subjects of which — the author, translator, and reader — have a set of individual characteristics, lining up on the principle of following an ethnic cultural standard to individual-emotional and gender marked manifestations.

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Patients with amnestic MCI Fail to Adapt Executive Control When Repeatedly Tested with Semantic Verbal Fluency Tasks

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society ◽

10.1017/s1355617721000849 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Johannes Tröger ◽

Hali Lindsay ◽

Mario Mina ◽

Nicklas Linz ◽

Stefan Klöppel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Executive Control ◽

Verbal Fluency ◽

Fixed Time ◽

Semantic Space ◽

Semantic Knowledge ◽

Semantic Verbal Fluency ◽

Amnestic Mci ◽

Retrieval Processes ◽

Theoretical View ◽

First Time

Abstract Objective: Semantic verbal fluency (SVF) tasks require individuals to name items from a specified category within a fixed time. An impaired SVF performance is well documented in patients with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI). The two leading theoretical views suggest either loss of semantic knowledge or impaired executive control to be responsible. Method: We assessed SVF 3 times on 2 consecutive days in 29 healthy controls (HC) and 29 patients with aMCI with the aim to answer the question which of the two views holds true. Results: When doing the task for the first time, patients with aMCI produced fewer and more common words with a shorter mean response latency. When tested repeatedly, only healthy volunteers increased performance. Likewise, only the performance of HC indicated two distinct retrieval processes: a prompt retrieval of readily available items at the beginning of the task and an active search through semantic space towards the end. With repeated assessment, the pool of readily available items became larger in HC, but not patients with aMCI. Conclusion: The production of fewer and more common words in aMCI points to a smaller search set and supports the loss of semantic knowledge view. The failure to improve performance as well as the lack of distinct retrieval processes point to an additional impairment in executive control. Our data did not clearly favour one theoretical view over the other, but rather indicates that the impairment of patients with aMCI in SVF is due to a combination of both.

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Generation of Cross-Lingual Word Vectors for Low-Resourced Languages Using Deep Learning and Topological Metrics in a Data-Efficient Way

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics10121372 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 1372

Author(s):

Sanjanasri JP ◽

Vijay Krishna Menon ◽

Soman KP ◽

Rajendran S ◽

Agnieszka Wolk

Keyword(s):

Deep Learning ◽

Language Processing ◽

Semantic Space ◽

Semantic Interpretation ◽

Learning Approaches ◽

Qualitative Comparison ◽

Bilingual Dictionary ◽

Pos Tagging ◽

Part Of Speech ◽

Cross Lingual

Linguists have been focused on a qualitative comparison of the semantics from different languages. Evaluation of the semantic interpretation among disparate language pairs like English and Tamil is an even more formidable task than for Slavic languages. The concept of word embedding in Natural Language Processing (NLP) has enabled a felicitous opportunity to quantify linguistic semantics. Multi-lingual tasks can be performed by projecting the word embeddings of one language onto the semantic space of the other. This research presents a suite of data-efficient deep learning approaches to deduce the transfer function from the embedding space of English to that of Tamil, deploying three popular embedding algorithms: Word2Vec, GloVe and FastText. A novel evaluation paradigm was devised for the generation of embeddings to assess their effectiveness, using the original embeddings as ground truths. Transferability across other target languages of the proposed model was assessed via pre-trained Word2Vec embeddings from Hindi and Chinese languages. We empirically prove that with a bilingual dictionary of a thousand words and a corresponding small monolingual target (Tamil) corpus, useful embeddings can be generated by transfer learning from a well-trained source (English) embedding. Furthermore, we demonstrate the usability of generated target embeddings in a few NLP use-case tasks, such as text summarization, part-of-speech (POS) tagging, and bilingual dictionary induction (BDI), bearing in mind that those are not the only possible applications.

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