Determining the dynamic insulation resistance of DC cables used in photovoltaic systems under operational conditions

In this article an extended literature surveying review is launched on a set of comparative studies of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques. Different MPPT methods are addressed with an ultimate aim of how to be maximizing the PV system output power by tracking Pmax in a set of different operational circumstances. In this paper maximum power point tracking, MPPT techniques are reviewed on basis of different parameters related to the design simplicity and/or complexity, implementation, hardware required, and other related aspects.he technology of solar systems has been booming for a while due to its ability to replace current fossil fuels like coal and gas for generation of electricity that produce air, water, and land pollution. In addition it decreased the issue of global warming and climate changes substantially due to being produced in a clean environmental manner and was proved to be an Eco-friendly resource of energy. The photovoltaic systems’ manufacturing process has been improving continuously over the last decade and photovoltaic systems have become an interesting solution. Precisely, PV systems are constituted from arrays of photovoltaic cells, choppers (mainly buck-boost or boost DC/DC converter), MPPT control systems and storage devices and/or grid connections. To improve the efficiency of such systems, various studies have been performed. The demand of PV generation systems seems to be increased for both standalone and grid-connected modes of PV systems. Therefore, an efficient maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique is necessary to initialize the process of tracking the maximum power point MPP at all environmental conditions and then force the PV system to operate at that MPP point.

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The Role of National Energy Policies and Life Cycle Emissions of PV Systems in Reducing Global Net Emissions of Greenhouse Gases

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14040961 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 961

Author(s):

Gabriel Constantino de Lima ◽

Andre Luiz Lopes Toledo ◽

Leonidas Bourikas

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Electricity Generation ◽

Unconditional Stimulus ◽

Average Energy ◽

Carbon Intensity ◽

Photovoltaic Systems ◽

Low Carbon ◽

Operational Conditions ◽

Pv Systems ◽

Carbon Offset

The energy sector and electricity generation in particular, is responsible for a great share of the global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. World electricity generation is still largely based on the burning of fossil fuels. However, Brazil has already a very low electricity carbon intensity due to the country’s large hydropower capacity. In countries with low grid carbon intensities such as Brazil, the investment in photovoltaic solar systems (PVSS) even if it is cost-effective, might become challenging as any new generation competes essentially against other renewable generation and the carbon offset is not a key driver for investment anymore. This study builds further upon that case to examine if national renewable energy incentives could actually lead to an increase of global net carbon emissions from the installation of PVSS in countries with a low grid carbon intensity. The study presents a life cycle analysis (LCA) of ten photovoltaic systems representative of the different operational conditions in regions across Brazil. It was found that the average energy payback time of the studied PV plants is between 3 and 5 years of operation. This result shows the feasibility and viability of such investments in the Brazilian context. When the LCA was integrated into the analysis though, the results showed that the “local” direct emissions avoidance from two out of ten studied PV plants would not manage to offset their “global” life cycle emissions due to the 2020 projected Brazilian grid emission factor which is already low. It is important to recognize that public policies of unrestricted, unconditional stimulus to photovoltaic systems investment might not help towards reducing global net emissions when the PV systems are installed at countries with a low carbon emission electric matrix. That is also something to consider for other countries as the carbon intensity of their grids will start reducing at levels similar to Brazil’s. It is likely that in the near future, the real net carbon offset achieved by PV systems at the global level will be largely defined by the manufacture procedures and the production’s carbon intensity at the country of origin of the PV panels.

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Maximum power point tracking in photovoltaic systems under different operational conditions by using ZA-INC algorithm

SN Applied Sciences ◽

10.1007/s42452-019-1536-7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (12) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mohammadali Rajabi ◽

S. M. Hassan Hosseini

Keyword(s):

Maximum Power Point Tracking ◽

Maximum Power ◽

Photovoltaic Systems ◽

Maximum Power Point ◽

Operational Conditions ◽

Point Tracking ◽

Power Point Tracking ◽

Power Point

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New maximum power point tracker for photovoltaic systems exposed to realistic operational conditions

IET Renewable Power Generation ◽

10.1049/iet-rpg.2013.0170 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 629-637 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Maria Carla Di Vincenzo ◽

David Infield

Keyword(s):

Maximum Power ◽

Photovoltaic Systems ◽

Maximum Power Point ◽

Operational Conditions ◽

Maximum Power Point Tracker ◽

Power Point

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Computers for data, control and simulation

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100106661 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 920-921

Author(s):

David C. Joy

Keyword(s):

Personal Computers ◽

Monitoring And Control ◽

Data Logging ◽

Data Logger ◽

Operational Conditions ◽

Data Control ◽

The Many ◽

And Control

Personal computers (PCs) are a powerful resource in the EM Laboratory, both as a means of automating the monitoring and control of microscopes, and as a tool for quantifying the interpretation of data. Not only is a PC more versatile than a piece of dedicated data logging equipment, but it is also substantially cheaper. In this tutorial the practical principles of using a PC for these types of activities will be discussed.The PC can form the basis of a system to measure, display, record and store the many parameters which characterize the operational conditions of the EM. In this mode it is operating as a data logger. The necessary first step is to find a suitable source from which to measure each of the items of interest. It is usually possible to do this without having to make permanent corrections or modifications to the EM.

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Dual-sensitized upconversion-assisted, triple-band absorbing luminescent solar concentrators

Nanoscale ◽

10.1039/d0nr01008a ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (33) ◽

pp. 17265-17271

Author(s):

Seong Kyung Nam ◽

Kiwon Kim ◽

Ji-Hwan Kang ◽

Jun Hyuk Moon

Keyword(s):

Solar Light ◽

Photovoltaic Systems ◽

Solar Concentrator ◽

Solar Concentrators ◽

Luminescent Solar Concentrators ◽

Luminescent Solar Concentrator ◽

Triple Band

Luminescent solar concentrator-photovoltaic systems (LSC-PV) harvest solar light by using transparent photoluminescent plates, which is expected to be particularly useful for building-integrated PV applications.

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