Implementation North West Corner and Stepping Stone Methods for Solving Logistical Distribution Problem in Tape Production

Model transportasi merupakan suatu model yang dapat digunakan untuk menentukan pengalokasian barang yang paling efektif dari suatu sumber ke suatu tujuan dengan biaya yang seminimum mungkin. Wira Shoes adalah salah satu usaha dagang yang begerak di bidang industri. Usaha ini memproduksi sepatu yang dikirim sesuai dengan permintaan masing – masing distribusi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah model transportasi dapat meminimumkan biaya distribusi. Metode sudut barat laut (North-West Corner/ NWC), biaya terendah (Least Cost/ LC), dan Vogel’s Approximation Method (VAM) yang merupakan solusi awal serta metode modified distribution (MODI) dan stepping stone (batu loncatan) yang merupakan solusi optimal adalah metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Dari pehitungan yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh biaya minimum sebesar Rp 8.400.000,-.

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OPTIMALISASI MASALAH TRANSSHIPMENT DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN VOGEL APPROXIMATION METHOD PADA DISTRIBUSI PLASTIK DI PT. SENTOSA PLASTIK MEDAN

KARISMATIKA: Kumpulan Artikel Ilmiah, Informatika, Statistik, Matematika dan Aplikasi ◽

10.24114/jmk.v3i2.8804 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Swandi . Simanjorang ◽

Faiz . Ahyaningsih

Keyword(s):

Approximation Method ◽

Distribution Method ◽

Stepping Stone ◽

North West ◽

Distribution Costs ◽

Distribution Process ◽

Calculation Results ◽

Itu Model ◽

The Difference ◽

The Cost

AbstrakPenelitian ini mengkaji hasil model transshipment dari proses pendistribusian barang di PT Sentosa Plastik Medan dengan menggunakan program WinQSB. Selain itu, model transshipment proses pendistribusian barang oleh perusahaan dibandingkan dengan model transshipment yang dihasilkan oleh program Solver.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode dokumentasi, metode wawancara, dan studi pustaka. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari perusahaan. Adapun uraian dari metode-metode transshipment adalah sebagai berikut: (1) Metode untuk menyusun tabel awal antara lain Metode Sudut Barat Laut atau North West Corner Method (NWC), Metode Biaya Terkecil atau Least Cost Method, Vogell’s Aproximation Method atau VAM. (2) Model pegujian optimalitas algoritma transportasi antara lain Stepping Stone Method; dan Modified Distribution Method atau MODI. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa selisih biaya pendistribusian untuk seluruh produk kain mori dengan menggunakan program WinQSB adalah sebesar Rp. 22.561.250,- lebih kecil dibandingkan hasil perhitungan perusahaan sebesar Rp.35.488.750,- Ini berarti terdapat selisih antara biaya pendistribusian yang menggunakan program WinQSB dengan biaya pendistribusian yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan yaitu sebesar Rp 12.927.500,-. Jadi biaya pendistribusian masih dapat diminimalkan sebesar 36,4%. Akan tetapi, sebelum melakukan tindakan lanjutan. Perusahaan juga perlu mempertimbangkan mengenai aspek dilapangan untuk meminimalkan biaya pendistribusian yang adaKata Kunci: Biaya Pendistribusian, Optimalisasi, WinQSB, dan Transshipment, Vogel Approximation Method (VAM)ABSTRACTThis study examines the results of the model transshipment of goods distribution process in PT Sentosa Plastic Medan using WinQSB program. In addition, the process of distributing goods transshipment models by the company compared to the transshipment models produced by the Solver program. The method used in this research is the method of documentation, interviews, and literature. Data in this study were obtained from the company. The description of the methods of transshipment is as follows: (1) A method for preparing the initial table among other methods Northwest Angle or North West Corner Method (NWC), or Least Least Cost Method Cost Method, Vogell's aproximation Method or VAM. (2) Model test of optimality transport algorithms include Stepping Stone Method; and Modified Distribution Method or MODI. The research showed that the difference in the cost of distribution for all products cloth using WinQSB program is Rp. 22.56125 , - lower than the calculation results of the company for Rp.35.488.750, - This means that there is a difference between the cost of distribution that uses WinQSB program at a cost of distribution conducted by the company in the amount of Rp. 12.9275 -. So the cost of distribution can still be minimized by 36.4%. However, before making any further action. Companies also need to consider the aspect of the field to minimize the cost of existing distribution. Keywords: Distribution Costs, Optimizing, WinQSB, and Transshipment, Vogel Approximation Method (VAM)

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The optimization of distribution and transportation costs for common good products

International Journal of Industrial Optimization ◽

10.12928/ijio.v1i2.2368 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 111

Author(s):

Fibi Eko Putra ◽

Humiras Hardi Purba ◽

Indah Astri Anggraeni

Keyword(s):

Cost Reduction ◽

Common Good ◽

Optimal Solution ◽

Minimum Cost ◽

Distribution Model ◽

Transportation Problems ◽

Stepping Stone ◽

North West ◽

Long Time ◽

Single Method

Transportation problems, which concerned in finding the minimum cost of transporting a single commodity from a given number of sources to a given number of destinations, are an integral part of the industrial system that has been around for a long time. The number of potential losses caused by transportation problems has made many parties take initiatives and efforts to solve those problems, usually by designing an optimal distribution model. The current study employs two methods named North West Corner (NWC) and Stepping Stone (SS) method in order to find distribution model with the most optimal costs for common good products. Through this research, the NWC method is utilized to generate initial model or solution, while the SS method is used afterward to find the optimal solution. According to it scheme, the result shows that through the NWC method there was cost reduction of $ 8,301, while the distribution model obtained from the Stepping Stone method resulted in a significant cost increased of $ 307,369. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of single method, namely NWC method, in this study provides much better results than using the combined NWC and Stepping Stone method.

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Pengoptimalan Biaya Transportasi dengan Metoda North West Corner (NWC) dan Stepping Stone (SS) untuk Distribusi Produk Farmasi

Jurnal Teknik Industri: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian dan Karya Ilmiah dalam Bidang Teknik Industri ◽

10.24014/jti.v6i1.9468 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 34

Author(s):

Tatun Uswatun Hasanah ◽

Puji Utami ◽

Muchammad Fauzi

Keyword(s):

Operation Research ◽

Stepping Stone ◽

North West ◽

Core Business

Model transportasi diadopsi untuk pengendalian operasi pabrik, penentuan daerah penjualan, pengalokasian lokasi distribusi dan pergudangan. PT. XYZ adalah salah satu perusahaan multinasional yang memiliki core business dibidang industry farmasi. Model optimasi merupakan salah satu model analisis sistem yang diidentikkan dengan operation research. penelitian ini menggunakan Northwest corner method (NWC)untuk memberikan prioritas pengalokasian dari pojok kiri atas matriks transportasi. Stepping Stone Method (SS) merupakan lanjutan dari NWC untuk mendapatkan solusi optimal dengan total biaya terendah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan biaya optimal antara perhitungan dengan NWC dan SS. study ini juga membuktikan bahwa dengan menggunakan NWC dan SS, biaya yang didapatkan lebih optimal dibandingkan dengan biaya yang dikeluarkan pada studi kasus ini.

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MENGOPTIMALKAN BIAYA DISTRIBUSI PAKAN TERNAK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE TRANSPORTASI (Studi Kasus di PT. X Krian)

Teknika: Engineering and Sains Journal ◽

10.51804/tesj.v1i2.128.95-100 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 95

Author(s):

Ika Widya Ardhyani

Keyword(s):

Approximation Method ◽

Stepping Stone ◽

North West

Metode transportasi adalah metode yang digunakan untuk mengatur distribusi dari sumber-sumber yang menyediakan produk yang sama ke tempat-tempat yang membutuhkan secara optimal. Alokasi produk ini harus diatur sedemikian rupa, karena terdapat perbedaan biaya-biaya alokasi dari satu sumber ke suatu tempat tujuan. Kasus transportasi timbul ketika suatu perusahaan mencoba menentukan cara pengiriman (distribusi) suatu jenis barang (item) dari beberapa sumber (lokasi penawaran) ke beberapa tujuan (lokasi permintaan) yang dapat meminimalkan biaya. PT. X dihadapkan pada pemasalahan semakin tingginya biaya pemasaran karena tidak teraturnya pola pendistribusian dari tempat sumber ke tempat tujuan pemasaran, sehingga perusahaan berusaha untuk mengoptimalkan biaya transportasi yang dikeluarkan. Hal ini, jika di biarkan dapat mengakibatkan kerugian bagi perusahaan. Metode analisa data yang digunakan untuk memecahkan masalah tersebut menggunakan metode transportasi, untuk solusi awal menggunakan metode pojok kiri atas pojok kanan bawah (North West Corner Method), ongkos terkecil (Least Cost Method), VAM (Vogelâ€™s Approximation Method) dan uji optimal menggunakan metode batu loncatan (Stepping Stone Method) dan MODI (Modified Distribution). Pendistribusian produk pakan ternak di PT. X dengan menggunakanÂ metode transportasi didapatkan hasil yang optimal. Total biaya transportasi untuk solusi awal menggunakan metode pojok kiri atas pojok kanan bawah (North West Corner Method) = Rp. 43.118.639.196,-; ongkos terkecil (Least Cost Method) = Rp. 43.094.262.979,-; VAM (Vogelâ€™s Approximation Method) = Rp. 43.089.578.434,- dan uji optimal menggunakan metode batu loncatan (Stepping Stone Method) dan MODI (Modified Distribution) didapatkan hasil yang optimal adalah : Rp. 43.087.656.564,-. Â

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Implementasi Metode North-West Corner dan Stepping Stone Pengiriman Barang Galeri Bimasakti

Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer ◽

10.25126/jtiik.2020701625 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 845

Author(s):

Yekti Asmoro Kanthi ◽

Bagus Kristomoyo Kristanto

Keyword(s):

Design Method ◽

Product Distribution ◽

Stepping Stone ◽

North West ◽

Analysis And Design ◽

The North ◽

Shipping Cost ◽

Distribution Process ◽

Huge Impact ◽

Sales Industry

Transportasi adalah proses pengiriman atau pendistribusian komoditas yang dihasilkan suatu perusahaan dari sumber tujuan (pabrik) ke tempat tujuan (gudang / lokasi penjualan). Proses pengiriman barang merupakan proses penting yang terjadi dalam suatu perusahaan, sebab tanpa adanya pola pengiriman barang yang baik dan tepat berakibat pada tingginya biaya tranportasi. Metode North-west Corner dan Stepping Stone adalah metode yang digunakan untuk menyelesaikan proses trasnportasi untuk menghasilkan biaya total dan biaya total optimum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan biaya tarnsportasi distribusi pengiriman barang pada Galeri Bimasakti menggunakan metode north-west corner dan stepping stone. Galeri Bimasakti merupakan salah satu usaha bergerak di bidang industri penjualan furniture dan memiliki pabrik di dua kota yaitu Jepara dan Sidoarjo serta memiliki tiga lokasi penjualan di Karangploso, Batu dan Malang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu teknik analisis data dan pembuatan program. Teknik analisis data terdiri dari studi literature dan pustaka, survey dan wawancara obyek penelitian. Setelah menganalisis data, langkah selanjutnya membuat program atau aplikasi berbasis desktop. Hasil yang ingin dicapai yaitu untuk memberikan sarana pada Galeri Bimasakti berupa program atau aplikasi perhitungan biaya distribusi produk dari pabrik ke lokasi penjualan. Biaya pengiriman barang yang sudah dihitung dalam program dapat tersimpan dengan baik dan aman pada program atau aplikasi. AbstractTransportation is closely related to the process of distributing products from one or several origin to one or several destinations. The destination can be a factory that produce a commodity while the others can be a sales or warehouse location. Product distribution have very important part in a company or organization because without a excellence and appropriate distribution design, the distribution process could be inefficiency and causes huge impact such as very high costs, waste in terms of time, distance, and energy. The North-west Corner and Stepping Stone method is the method used to complete the transportation process to find optimum total costs and total costs. This study aims to implement the distribution cost of shipping goods to the Bimasakti Gallery using the north-west corner and stepping stone methods. Bimasakti Gallery is one of the businesses engaged in the furniture sales industry and has factories in two cities, Jepara and Sidoarjo and has three sales locations in Karangploso, Batu and Malang. The research methodology used are analysis and design. The analysis method used consists of literature studies, field surveys and interviews with research objects. While the design method uses desktop-based object design. Expected result from this study is providing an application to facilities the Bimasakti Gallery for calculate product distribution costs from the factory to the sales location. It will stored safely because the shipping cost data is stored in the system.

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Electron Microscopic Examination of a Transplantable Rat Mammary Carcinoma

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100099842 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 20-21

Author(s):

S. Shirahama ◽

G. C. Engle ◽

R. M. Dutcher

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Osmium Tetroxide ◽

Electron Microscopic Examination ◽

Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽

Uranyl Acetate ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

North West ◽

X Irradiation ◽

Tissue Specimens

A transplantable carcinoma was established in North West Sprague Dawley (NWSD) rats by use of X-irradiation by Engle and Spencer. The tumor was passaged through 63 generations over a period of 32 months. The original tumor, an adenocarcinoma, changed into an undifferentiated carcinoma following the 19th transplant. The tumor grew well in NWSD rats of either sex at various ages. It was invariably fatal, causing death of the host within 15 to 35 days following transplantation.Tumor, thymus, spleen, and plasma from 7 rats receiving transplants of tumor at 3 to 9 weeks of age were examined with an electron microscope at intervals of 8, 15, 22 and 30 days after transplantation. Four normal control rats of the same age were also examined. The tissues were fixed in glutaraldehyde, postfixed in osmium tetroxide and embedded in Epon. The plasma was separated from heparanized blood and processed as previously described for the tissue specimens. Sections were stained with uranyl acetate followed by lead citrate and examined with an RCA EMU-3G electron microscope.

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SEM and TEM observations of sperm development in the testis of the freshwater fish Oreochromis mossambicus

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100157838 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 58-59

Author(s):

Daryl A. Cornish ◽

George L. Smit

Keyword(s):

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Oreochromis Mossambicus ◽

Breeding Cycle ◽

Limited Information ◽

North West ◽

The North ◽

Sem And Tem ◽

Sperm Development ◽

Ultrastructural Characteristics ◽

The University

Oreochromis mossambicus is currently receiving much attention as a candidater species for aquaculture programs within Southern Africa. This has stimulated interest in its breeding cycle as well as the morphological characteristics of the gonads. Limited information is available on SEM and TEM observations of the male gonads. It is known that the testis of O. mossambicus is a paired, intra-abdominal structure of the lobular type, although further details of its characteristics are not known. Current investigations have shown that spermatids reach full maturity some two months after the female becomes gravid. Throughout the year, the testes contain spermatids at various stages of development although spermiogenesis appears to be maximal during November when spawning occurs. This paper describes the morphological and ultrastructural characteristics of the testes and spermatids.Specimens of this fish were collected at Syferkuil Dam, 8 km north- west of the University of the North over a twelve month period, sacrificed and the testes excised.

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