The Five Biggest Factors Challenging Startups in Nepal

There are a variety of factors that pose challenges for start-ups globally. These challenges vary based on the country, region, or economy of operation. Research identified the challenges start-ups face depending on whether start-ups were established in developed or undeveloped countries. However, few research studies have been conducted in Nepal. Hence, the purpose of this study was to examine the top five factors that hindered start-up formation or posed difficulty for the growth of start-ups within Nepal between 2017 to 2020. The primary data was collected using a mixed method using purposive sampling consisting of an in-depth interview followed by a survey with entrepreneurs and experts of the entrepreneurial ecosystem of Nepal. The authors administered an in-depth interview with open-ended questions and then conducted key informant interviews. Throughout the interviews, the five major issues identified as hindering start-ups were human capital, finance, support system, policy, and marketing.

RESEARCH OF ELEMENTS OF TECHNICAL REGULATORY REGARDING THE INTRODUCTION AND OPERATION OF AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY TRACTORS

The purpose of the study is to analyse the quantitative and qualitative composition of registered and registered in Ukraine in 2020 agricultural and forestry tractors (hereinafter - tractors) and to identify areas for improvement of technical regulatory elements for their commissioning and operation. Research methods. The methodological basis of the work is the analysis and generalization of data on registered and registered tractors, as well as certain elements of technical regulation (technical regulations, standards, procedures for assessment and confirmation of conformity). Results. To summarize the structure of data on tractors, an analysis of their quantitative and qualitative composition, namely new (2018-2020 years of production) and first commissioned in 2020 in Ukraine wheeled and tracked tractors, based on the report of the State Food and Consumer Service of Ukraine for 2020 [Register ( open data), 2020]. The results of the analysis showed that for the first time in Ukraine mostly new tractors are registered (96 %) and only about 4 % - imported, used tractors. Analysis of the distribution of registered new tractors by origin showed that about 60 % of new tractors are Chinese tractors, the vast majority of which are small tractors, about 22 % ― Belarusian production, domestic serial tractors are a small percentage ― within 6 %. Some elements of technical regulation used for putting into operation and operation of tractors in terms of their efficiency (technical regulations, procedures for confirmation of conformity and registration) are analysed. The results of the research are generalized and the directions of improvement of the elements of technical regulation on the commissioning and operation of tractors in Ukraine are determined. Conclusions. Taking into account the results of research on the structure and origin of tractors placed on the market and put into operation in Ukraine, analysis of the provisions of current regulations, it is determined that the issue of putting into operation and operation of single models of tractors, agricultural and forestry trailers remains unresolved. , trailer vehicles (hereinafter - vehicles), in particular the type of which is not approved in Ukraine, as well as used, converted, etc. Therefore, the current technical legislation governing the introduction of mass-produced vehicles covered by the Technical Regulation approving the type of agricultural and forestry tractors, their trailers and replaceable trailers, systems, components and individual technical units [CMU Resolution № 1367 of 28.12.2011] (hereinafter ― the Technical Regulation of type approval 1367/2011) must be supplemented by regulations, which establish the requirements and procedures for confirming the conformity of individual models of vehicles. This will allow for a more complete settlement of the issue of admission to traffic of safe vehicles.

Tuning of Friction Oscillation Amplitude in Halloysite, Montmorillonite, and Wollastonite Filled Friction Composites: Load, Speed, and Temperature Sensitivity

The influence of clay mineral silicate types, such as halloysite, montmorillonite, and wollastonite with tubular, plate like, and acicular morphologies respectively, on frictional oscillation of composite materials have been evaluated on Chase type dynamometer and optimised following the combination of Taguchi's L9 design of experiment and regression analysis approaches. The coefficient of friction of ~0.35-0.45 and cumulative wear at < 10 % remained well within the acceptable range. The optimal tuning of friction oscillation to reduce braking induced noise and vibration propensity has been achieved by montmorillonite clay with platelet type morphology or by combination of MgO and wollastonite clay with acicular morphology. The extent of Fe- content in wear debris close to ~ 80 % on the composite surface led to an optimal level of friction oscillation amplitude (Aamp). The hierarchical ranking of the clay based composites by TOPSIS based operation research approach lead to the understanding of design ideology optimization for composites to ensure minimal friction oscillations.

Preface

International Conference on Mathematical and Statistical Sciences (ICMSS) 2021 Study Program of Mathematics and the Study Program of Statistics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Lambung Mangkurat Banjarbaru - Indonesia, 15 - 16 September 2021 The International Conference on Mathematical and Statistical Sciences (ICMSS) 2021 was organized through a collaboration between the Study Program of Mathematics and the Study Program of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences - Universitas Lambung Mangkurat (ULM). The theme raised was “Mathematical and Statistical Sciences in Multidisciplinary Research”, with the aims are to acknowledge, learn, share, and transfer the results of scientific knowledge and research among academia and practitioners who have used or implemented Mathematical and Statistical Sciences to solve real-world problems and improve the quality of life. The scopes of our conference are Mathematical modeling, Artificial intelligence, Mathematical physics, Algebra and its applications, Statistics and its applications, Computational fluid dynamics, Data mining and its applications, Dynamical nonlinear systems, Mathematics Educations, Financial mathematics, Mathematical biology, Numerical methods and analysis, Operation research and optimizations, and Real analysis. On behalf of the committee, we would like to thank the Rector of Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, the Dean of Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Coordinator of the Study Program of Mathematics and Coordinator of the Study Program of Statistics, advisory board, steering committee, all committee members, reviewers, presenters, and participants. We also would thank the Indonesian Mathematical Society (IndoMS), The Indonesian Algebra Society (IAS), and The Forum Pendidikan Tinggi Statistika (Forstat). Special thanks are also given to the Journal of Physics: Conference Series. We, on behalf of the ICMSS 2021 committee, would like to thank all parties for their participation in supporting this publication. We hope to see you all at the next conference. Kind regards, Dr. Muhammad Ahsar Karim Chair of the ICMSS 2021 List of Organizing Committees, Photographs and Peer review statement are available in this pdf.

A Novel Method for Solving Multiobjective Linear Programming Problems with Triangular Neutrosophic Numbers

In the field of operation research, linear programming (LP) is the most utilized apparatus for genuine application in various scales. In our genuine circumstances, the manager/decision-makers (DM) face problems to get the optimal solutions and it even sometimes becomes impossible. To overcome these limitations, neutrosophic set theory is presented, which can handle all types of decision, that is, concur, not certain, and differ, which is common in real-world situations. By thinking about these conditions, in this work, we introduced a method for solving neutrosophic multiobjective LP (NMOLP) problems having triangular neutrosophic numbers. In the literature study, there is no method for solving NMOLP problem. Therefore, here we consider a NMOLP problem with mixed constraints, where the parameters are assumed to be triangular neutrosophic numbers (TNNs). So, we propose a method for solving NMOLP problem with the help of linear membership function. After utilizing membership function, the problem is converted into equivalent crisp LP (CrLP) problem and solved by any suitable method which is readily available. To demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method, we consider one classical MOLP problem and solve it. Finally, we conclude that the proposed approach also helps decision-makers to not only know and optimize the most likely situation but also realize the outcomes in the optimistic and pessimistic business situations, so that decision-makers can prepare and take necessary actions for future uncertainty.

APPLICATIONS OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH IN FORMULA ONE

Formula one is one of the world's most high-paced sports in which a fraction of seconds can cost a win. From the method of calculating the time spent on a pitstop, when the car should come for the pitstop, fuel consumption, race strategy, aerodynamics, mechanics, engine power is all influenced by operation research. The paper aims at different techniques such as optimization and simulation, further discussing the different types of methods used. It provides brief information about the outcomes, drawbacks, and recommendations given for the efficient use of these techniques in the F1 racing world. It also addresses improvements that can be done by logistics, the necessary factors which need to be considered in the simulation model, and so on. The main objective is to study these techniques and provide an overview and limitations of each method, emphasizing the need for additional research to find solutions.

A Proximal Bundle Method with Exact Penalty Technique and Bundle Modification Strategy for Nonconvex Nonsmooth Constrained Optimization

The bundle modification strategy for the convex unconstrained problems was proposed by Alexey et al. [[2007] European Journal of Operation Research, 180(1), 38–47.] whose most interesting feature was the reduction of the calls for the quadratic programming solver. In this paper, we extend the bundle modification strategy to a class of nonconvex nonsmooth constraint problems. Concretely, we adopt the convexification technique to the objective function and constraint function, take the penalty strategy to transfer the modified model into an unconstrained optimization and focus on the unconstrained problem with proximal bundle method and the bundle modification strategies. The global convergence of the corresponding algorithm is proved. The primal numerical results show that the proposed algorithms are promising and effective.

Applications of Operation research in the Field of IOT

These days Internet of Things (IoT) increased an extraordinary consideration structure specialist, since it turns into a significant innovation that guarantees a shrewd individual life, by permitting an interchanges between objects, machines and each thing together with people groups. IoT speaks to a framework which comprises a things in reality, and sensors joined to or consolidated to thesethings, associated with the Internet through wired and remote system structure.In this paper I have represented the various application of the operation research in the field of IoT.

Evaluation of the Kinect controller precision

The subject of this work is to evaluate the precision of the Kinect controller operation. Research study was performed and a measuring stand have been prepared. Then an application was created that captures the user's throw gesture and simulates the flight of a virtual ball. Based on this, measurements were made to determine the difference between hand movement and it’s detection by the application, and differences among throw made in real life and in VR. The analysis of these results allowed the accuracy of the controller to be assessed.