The relationship between the Laplace transform and Fourier transform

1986 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 751-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Seo ◽  
C. Chen
Author(s):  
Michael J Corinthios

In this paper, the author uses his recently proposed complex variable generalized distribution theory to expand the domains of existence of bilateral Laplace and z transforms, as well as a whole new class of related transforms. A vast expansion of the domains of existence of bilateral Laplace and z transforms and continuous-time and discrete-time Hilbert, Hartley and Mellin transforms, as well as transforms of multidimensional functions and sequences are obtained. It is noted that the Fourier transform and its applications have advanced by leaps and bounds during the last century, thanks to the introduction of the theory of distributions and, in particular, the concept of the Dirac-delta impulse. Meanwhile, however, the truly two-sided ‘bilateral’ Laplace and z transforms, which are more general than Fourier, remained at a standstill incapable of transforming the most basic of functions. In fact, they were reduced by half to one-sided transforms and received no more than a passing reference in the literature. It is shown that the newly proposed generalized distributions expand the domains of existence and application of Laplace and z transforms similar to and even more extensively than the expansion of the domain of Fourier transform that resulted from the introduction, nearly a century ago, of the theory of distributions and the Dirac-delta impulse. It is also shown that the new generalized distributions put an end to an anomaly that still exists today, which meant that for a large class of basic functions, the Fourier transform exists while the more general Laplace and z transforms do not. The anomaly further manifests itself in the fact that even for the one-sided causal functions, such as the Heaviside unit step function u ( t ) and the sinusoid sin βtu ( t ), the Laplace transform does not exist on the j ω -axis, and the Fourier transform which does exist cannot be deduced thereof by the substitution s =j ω in the Laplace transform, which by definition it should. The extended generalized transforms are well defined for a large class of functions ranging from the most basic to highly complex fast-rising exponential ones that have so far had no transform. Among basic applications, the solution of partial differential equations using the extended generalized transforms is provided. This paper clearly presents and articulates the significant impact of extending the domains of Laplace and z transforms on a large family of related transforms, after nearly a century during which bilateral Laplace and z transforms of even the most basic of functions were undefined, and the domains of definition of related transforms such as Hilbert, Hartley and Mellin transforms were confined to a fraction of the space they can now occupy.


2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (Suppl. 6) ◽  
pp. 1929-1934
Author(s):  
Resat Yilmazer ◽  
Neslihan Demirel

In this study, we obtain the solution of a local fractional Schrodinger equation. The solution is obtained by the implementation of the Laplace transform and Fourier transform in closed form in terms of the Mittag-Leffler function.


Geophysics ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Mareschal

A relationship is derived between the Fourier transform of a potential field at the Earth’s surface and the transform of the inducing source distribution. The Fourier transform of the field is the Laplace transform of the source distribution spectrum when the Laplace transform variable p is equal to the wavenumber. This relationship can be used to determine all possible source distributions compatible with the data. The solution is the superposition of a particular solution to an inhomogeneous problem and of the general solution to the homogeneous problem (i.e., for which the field vanishes at the surface). Source distribution can be expanded into a set of known functions; coefficients of the expansion are determined by solving a system of linear equations. Physical constraints can be introduced to restrict the variation range of the coefficients of expansion. Two examples are presented to illustrate the method: a synthetic gravity profile and a heat flow profile are inverted to determine density or heat source distributions compatible with the data.


Geophysics ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1384-1393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anas M. Abo‐Zena

For an elastic material with an infinite circular cylindrical hole, the exact solution due to a pressure on a finite length of the cylinder is obtained as a function of the Laplace transform parameter on time and Fourier transform parameter on the z-coordinate (the axis of the cylinder). The applied pressure is a function of the time and the position z. Numerical inversion of the Laplace and Fourier transforms are required to determine the field quantities in the time and space parameters. In the far field, the inverse Fourier transform can be obtained by an asymptotic expansion. It remains to obtain the inverse Laplace transform numerically. We have found that for cylinders whose radius is small compared with the smallest wavelength of interest, an analytical solution can be obtained. Graphical results for the cases of instantaneous explosion and progression of the detonation with constant velocity are given. In both cases an exponential decay of the explosion pressure is assumed.


Filomat ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 2869-2876
Author(s):  
H.M. Srivastava ◽  
Mohammad Masjed-Jamei ◽  
Rabia Aktaş

This article deals with a general class of differential equations and two general classes of integral equations. By using the Laplace transform and the Fourier transform, analytical solutions are derived for each of these classes of differential and integral equations. Some illustrative examples and particular cases are also considered. The various analytical solutions presented in this article are potentially useful in solving the corresponding simpler differential and integral equations.


2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (06) ◽  
pp. 1750067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhui Chung

This paper analyzed the vibration of planar frame structures using the transfer function, which is obtained as the Laplace transform of Green’s function. The transfer function was used to represent the relationship between the excitation (including the initial and boundary conditions) and the response of the system; that is, it can determine the vibration response and stability of the system. The frame was divided into several joint blocks with substructures (beams). A state-space matrix form was used to represent the equation of motion in the beams. The compatibility between the joint blocks and beams allows us to establish the characteristic matrix of the frame, of which the determinant is the characteristic equation. With the eigenvalues obtained as the roots of the characteristic equation, one can establish the eigenfunction of the frame. The receptance of the structure with a single point excitation was also studied. The application of the transfer function to analysis of the L- and H-shaped planar frame structures was conducted in this paper. The results agree well with those published in the literature.


Physics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 640-653
Author(s):  
Brunello Tirozzi

In this paper, the Maxwell equations for the electric field in a cold magnetized plasma in the half-space of x≥0 cm are solved. The boundary conditions for the electric field include a pointwise source at the plane x=0 cm, the derivatives of the electric field that are zero statV/cm2 at x=0 cm, and the field with all its derivatives that are zero at infinity. The solution is explored in terms of the Laplace transform in x and the Fourier transform in y-z directions. The expressions of the field components are obtained by the inverse Laplace transform and the inverse Fourier transform. The saddle-point technique and power expansion have been used for evaluating the inverse Fourier transform. The model represents the propagation of a lower hybrid wave generated by a pointwise antenna located at the boundary of the plasma. Here, the antenna is the boundary condition. The validation of the model is performed assuming that the electric field component Ey=0 statV/cm and by comparing it with the model of electromagnetic waves generated by a local small antenna located near the boundary of a tokamak, and an experiment is suggested.


Geophysics ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Knight ◽  
A. P. Raiche

Calculations for the transient electromagnetic (TEM) method are commonly performed by using a discrete Fourier transform method to invert the appropriate transform of the solution. We derive the Laplace transform of the solution for TEM soundings over an N‐layer earth and show how to use the Gaver‐Stehfest algorithm to invert it numerically. This is considerably more stable and computationally efficient than inversion using the discrete Fourier transform.


2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
André Langlet ◽  
Ophélie Safont ◽  
Jérôme Renard

This paper presents the analytical solutions for bilaterally infinite strings and infinite beams on which a point force is initially applied, which then moves on the structure at a constant velocity. The solutions are sought by first applying the Fourier transform to the spatial coordinate dependence, and then the Laplace transform to the time variable of dependence, of the governing equations of motion. For the strings, it is necessary to distinguish between the case of a sonic load (a force moving at the phase velocity of transverse waves) and the cases of subsonic and supersonic loads. This is achieved by a suitable expansion in polynomial ratios of the Laplace transform, before going back to the original Fourier transform, whose inverse is obtained by exact calculations of the integrals over the complex infinite domain. For the Euler-Bernoulli beam, the same process leads to the closed-form (exact) formula for the displacement, from which the stress can be deduced. The displacement consists of the sum of two integrals: one representing the transient part, and the other, the stationary part of the solution. The stationary part is observed in the vicinity of the force for a very long travel time. The transient part is observed at a finite position coordinate, in relative proximity to the starting point of the moving force. For the Timoshenko beam, the final step in the calculation of the displacement and rotation, which requires a numerical evaluation of the integrals, leads to Fourier cosine and sine transforms. The response of the beam depends on the load velocity, relative to the two characteristic velocities: those of shear waves and longitudinal waves. This demonstrates that the transient parts of the solutions, in the Euler-Bernoulli beam or in the Timoshenko beam, are quasi identical. However, classical theory fails to forecast high frequency responses, occurring with velocities of the load exceeding twenty per cent of the bar velocity. For a velocity greater than the velocity of the shear waves, classical theory wrongly forecasts the response. In addition, according to the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, the flexural waves are able to exceed the bar velocity, which is not realistic. If the load moves for a long period, the solution in the vicinity of the load tends towards a stationary solution. It is important to note that the solution to the stationary problem must be completed by the solution to the associated homogeneous system to represent the physical stationary solution.


Author(s):  
A Michel ◽  
J-P Boy

Summary Long term deformations strongly depend on the Earth model and its rheological parameters, and in particular its viscosity. We give the general theory and the numerical scheme to compute them for any spherically non rotating isotropic Earth model with linear rheology, either elastic or viscoelastic. Although the Laplace transform is classically used to compute viscoelastic deformation, we choose here instead, to implement the integration with the Fourier transform in order to take advantage of the Fast Fourier Transform algorithm and avoid some of the Laplace transform mathematical difficulties. We describe the methodology to calculate deformations induced by several geophysical signals regardless of whether they are periodic or not, especially by choosing an adapted time sampling for the Fourier transform. As examples, we investigate the sensitivity of the displacements due to long period solid Earth tides, Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA), and present-day ice melting, to anelastic parameters of the mantle. We find that the effects of anelasticity are important for long period deformation and relatively low values of viscosities for both Maxwell and Burgers models. We show that slight modifications in the rheological models could significantly change the amplitude of deformation but also affect the spatial and temporal pattern of the signal to a lesser extent. Especially, we highlight the importance of the mantle anelasticity in the low degrees deformation due to present-day ice melting and encourage its inclusion in future models.


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