Reduction of the supply current of single-flux-quantum time-to-digital converters by current recycling techniques

Abstract A new 0.5 um 1 Megabit SRAM which employed a double metal, triple poly CMOS process with Tungsten plug metal to poly /silicon contacts was introduced. During burn-in of this product, high currents, apparently due to electrical overstress, were experienced. Electrical analysis showed abnormal supply current characteristics at high voltages. Failure analysis identified the sites of the high currents of the bum-in rejects and discovered cracks in the glue layer prior to Tungsten deposition as the root cause of the failure. The glue layer cracks allowed a reaction with the poly/silicon, causing opens at the bottom of contacts. These floating nodes caused high currents and often latch-up during burn-in. Designed experiments in the wafer fab identified an improved glue layer process, which has been implemented. The new process shows improvement in burn in performance as well as outgoing product quality.

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Advanced Single Flux Quantum Devices

10.21236/ada361044 ◽

1999 ◽

Author(s):

Konstantin K. Likharev ◽

P. Bunyk ◽

W. Chao ◽

T. Filippov ◽

Y. Kameda

Keyword(s):

Flux Quantum ◽

Quantum Devices

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Simulation of Quantum Time-Frequency Transform Algorithms

10.21236/ada435027 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

Chao Lu

Keyword(s):

Time Frequency ◽

Quantum Time

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Quantum Becoming?

10.1093/oso/9780198797302.003.0004 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Craig Callender

Keyword(s):

Quantum Mechanics ◽

Quantum Theory ◽

Quantum Time ◽

Quantum Non Locality ◽

Time Quantum ◽

Temporal Becoming ◽

Non Locality ◽

Quantum Wavefunction

Two of quantum mechanics’ more famed and spooky features have been invoked in defending the idea that quantum time is congenial to manifest time. Quantum non-locality is said by some to make a preferred foliation of spacetime necessary, and the collapse of the quantum wavefunction is held to vindicate temporal becoming. Although many philosophers and physicists seek relief from relativity’s assault on time in quantum theory, assistance is not so easily found.

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Quantum simulations

10.1093/oso/9780198803195.003.0013 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Michael P. Allen ◽

Dominic J. Tildesley

Keyword(s):

Ab Initio ◽

Quantum Monte Carlo ◽

Degrees Of Freedom ◽

Small Region ◽

Time Correlation ◽

Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics ◽

Classical Dynamics ◽

Integral Methods ◽

Quantum Time ◽

Low Mass

This chapter covers the introduction of quantum mechanics into computer simulation methods. The chapter begins by explaining how electronic degrees of freedom may be handled in an ab initio fashion and how the resulting forces are included in the classical dynamics of the nuclei. The technique for combining the ab initio molecular dynamics of a small region, with classical dynamics or molecular mechanics applied to the surrounding environment, is explained. There is a section on handling quantum degrees of freedom, such as low-mass nuclei, by discretized path integral methods, complete with practical code examples. The problem of calculating quantum time correlation functions is addressed. Ground-state quantum Monte Carlo methods are explained, and the chapter concludes with a forward look to the future development of such techniques particularly to systems that include excited electronic states.

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Supply current testing in linear bipolar ICs

Electronics Letters ◽

10.1049/el:19940088 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 128-130 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

D.K. Papakostas ◽

A.A. Hatzopoulos

Keyword(s):

Current Testing ◽

Supply Current

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