Relating a Small-Scale Experiment to a Full-Scale Railgun Using Simulation and Similarity Theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 9749-9756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizhong Xu ◽  
Dewen Wu
Keyword(s):  
Similarity Theory ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Experiment

Generation and analysis of biogas from kitchen waste at a small scale

2020 ◽  
pp. 140-148
Author(s):  
Md. Kumail Naqvi ◽  
Mrinal Anthwal ◽  
Ravindra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Retention Period ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Replacement Model ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Scale Experiment ◽  
Small Period

Biogas is the product of anaerobic vitiation of biodegradable matter. This paper focuses on the need of alternative and green sources of energy at a household level and how biogas produced from the everyday organic waste has the potential and possibility to replace LPG cylinders at houses, shops etc. and empower us to step towards an eco-friendly future. The purpose this small-scale experiment has been to find the perfect input matter that is easy to acquire and which produces the maximum amount of gas from minimum input and within small period of waste retention. Four different types of input waste material containing different quantities of cow dung and kitchen food waste were studied through individual experimental setups. Waste was mixed and kept at room temperature and the pH and total solid concentration of the samples were recorded on regular intervals. From the experiment it was found that the optimum yield of biogas at a small scale, based on the parameters such as retention period, pH and total solid con-centration can be obtained by the use of food waste form households and kitchens. The exact composition has been discussed in this paper. The energy generated by the small-scale generator has also been compared to that of an LPG cylinder and an LPG replacement model has also been presented.

scholarly journals Upscaling THM modeling from small-scale to full-scale in-situ experiments in the Callovo-Oxfordian claystone

2021 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 104582
Author(s):  
D.M. Seyedi ◽  
C. Plúa ◽  
M. Vitel ◽  
G. Armand ◽  
J. Rutqvist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Full Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
In Situ Experiments

Evaluating Visualisations in Voting Advice Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Bastiaan Bruinsma
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
First Results ◽  
Scale Experiment ◽  
Voting Advice Applications

AbstractWhile the design of voting advice applications (VAAs) is witnessing an increasing amount of attention, one aspect has until now been overlooked: its visualisations. This is remarkable, as it are those visualisations that communicate to the user the advice of the VAA. Therefore, this article aims to provide a first look at which visualisations VAAs adopt, why they adopt them, and how users comprehend them. For this, I will look at how design choices, specifically those on matching, influence the type of visualisation VAAs not only do but also have to, use. Second, I will report the results of a small-scale experiment that looked if all users comprehend similar visualisations in the same way. Here, I find that this is often not the case and that the interpretations of the users often differ. These first results suggest that VAA visualisations are wrongly underappreciated and demand closer attention of VAA designers.

Full Scale Fatigue Experiment on Submarine Pipelines

2014 ◽  
Vol 633-634 ◽  
pp. 659-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zong Tao Fang ◽  
De Yu Tang ◽  
Yan Hua Hu ◽  
Hu Li Niu
Keyword(s):  
Welded Joints ◽  
Fatigue Property ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Butt Joints ◽  
Weld Toe ◽  
Small Test ◽  
Weld Root ◽  
Fatigue Experiment

This paper focus on fatigue problem of submarine pipelines, four points bending full scale fatigue experiment were conducted on X65 pipelines butt joints specimens, utilizing pipeline full scale fatigue test machine developed by CNPC. Meanwhile contrast test was also carried out on small specimens. The results show that the fatigue strength of full scale welded joints is lower than the small scale joints. Owing to having no regard for the influence of residual stress and size effect, the small test would provide dangerous results. The fatigue property of full scale welded joints only meets the requirement of DNV C203 W3 curve, and meets the needs of DNV C203 F3 curve basically while not meet BS 7608 F2 curve’s requirements which relatively demand higher. Weld toe and geometric discontinuous near weld root is the weak point for the whole welded joints.

Coupled Thermo-Hydro-Geochemical Models of Engineered Barrier Systems: The Febex Project

2000 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Samper ◽  
R. Juncosa ◽  
V. Navarro ◽  
J. Delgado ◽  
L. Montenegro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
In Situ Test ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Engineered Barrier

ABSTRACTFEBEX (Full-scale Engineered Barrier EXperiment) is a demonstration and research project dealing with the bentonite engineered barrier designed for sealing and containment of waste in a high level radioactive waste repository (HLWR). It includes two main experiments: an situ full-scale test performed at Grimsel (GTS) and a mock-up test operating since February 1997 at CIEMAT facilities in Madrid (Spain) [1,2,3]. One of the objectives of FEBEX is the development and testing of conceptual and numerical models for the thermal, hydrodynamic, and geochemical (THG) processes expected to take place in engineered clay barriers. A significant improvement in coupled THG modeling of the clay barrier has been achieved both in terms of a better understanding of THG processes and more sophisticated THG computer codes. The ability of these models to reproduce the observed THG patterns in a wide range of THG conditions enhances the confidence in their prediction capabilities. Numerical THG models of heating and hydration experiments performed on small-scale lab cells provide excellent results for temperatures, water inflow and final water content in the cells [3]. Calculated concentrations at the end of the experiments reproduce most of the patterns of measured data. In general, the fit of concentrations of dissolved species is better than that of exchanged cations. These models were later used to simulate the evolution of the large-scale experiments (in situ and mock-up). Some thermo-hydrodynamic hypotheses and bentonite parameters were slightly revised during TH calibration of the mock-up test. The results of the reference model reproduce simultaneously the observed water inflows and bentonite temperatures and relative humidities. Although the model is highly sensitive to one-at-a-time variations in model parameters, the possibility of parameter combinations leading to similar fits cannot be precluded. The TH model of the “in situ” test is based on the same bentonite TH parameters and assumptions as for the “mock-up” test. Granite parameters were slightly modified during the calibration process in order to reproduce the observed thermal and hydrodynamic evolution. The reference model captures properly relative humidities and temperatures in the bentonite [3]. It also reproduces the observed spatial distribution of water pressures and temperatures in the granite. Once calibrated the TH aspects of the model, predictions of the THG evolution of both tests were performed. Data from the dismantling of the in situ test, which is planned for the summer of 2001, will provide a unique opportunity to test and validate current THG models of the EBS.

Preliminary Evaluation of the 24 Ft. Diameter Fan Performance In the MinWaterCSP Large Cooling Systems Test Facility

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. van der Spuy ◽  
D. N. J. Els ◽  
L. Tieghi ◽  
G. Delibra ◽  
A. Corsini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scaling Laws ◽  
Static Pressure ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Cfd Analysis ◽  
Setting Angle

Abstract The MinWaterCSP project was defined with the aim of reducing the cooling system water consumption and auxiliary power consumption of concentrating solar power (CSP) plants. A full-scale, 24 ft (7.315 m) diameter model of the M-fan was subsequently installed in the Min WaterCSP cooling system test facility, located at Stellenbosch University. The test facility was equipped with an in-line torque arm and speed transducer to measure the power transferred to the fan rotor, as well as a set of rotating vane anemometers upstream of the fan rotor to measure the air volume flow rate passing through the fan. The measured results were compared to those obtained on the 1.542 m diameter ISO 5801 test facility using the fan scaling laws. The comparison showed that the fan power values correlated within +/− 7% to those of the small-scale fan, but at a 1° higher blade setting angle for the full-scale fan. To correlate the expected fan static pressure rise, a CFD analysis of the 24 ft (7.315 m) diameter fan installation was performed. The predicted fan static pressure rise values from the CFD analysis were compared to those measured on the 1.542 m ISO test facility, for the same fan. The simulation made use of an actuator disc model to represent the effect of the fan. The results showed that the predicted results for fan static pressure rise of the installed 24 ft (7.315 m) diameter fan correlated closely (smaller than 1% difference) to those of the 1.542 m diameter fan at its design flowrate but, once again, at approximately 1° higher blade setting angle.

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