Apostasy and Debauchery (1601–1660): Behaviour, Passive Evangelism and the East India and Levant Company Chaplains

This Chapter investigates an extraordinary group of company agents who have often been overlooked, but were ubiquitous in overseas corporate life; the chaplain. It provides a detailed assessment of the daily lives and responsibilities of chaplains. Moreover, it traces how they became important figures of control who policed over the spiritual and earthly lives of personnel in religiously and governmentally diverse environments of India, the Levant and Japan. This chapter examines how corporate chaplains, such as Edward Terry, Edward Pococke and Patrick Copeland, became instrumental figures in establishing corporate authority, and thereby commercial success, in this period. Furthermore, it reveals, through their published works, such as Terry’s, A Voyage to East-India, Lord’s, A display of two forraigne sects and the letters and works of Pococke, the essential role chaplains played in the corporate exchange of ideas and religious knowledge overseas. Finally, this chapter highlights how, throughout much of its existence, the LC and, for a small period, the EIC’s government, helped to inform the flexible process of how companies established corporate governance abroad and how they interacted with peoples, faiths and cultures.

Growing Out before Out Growing - Flexible Housing for New Zealand

<p><b>Housing in New Zealand often makes its way into the headlines, with issues such as demand, shortfall and affordability dominating the news. There is, however, one issue that is prevalent but is barely addressed. This is the issue of suitability. Many New Zealanders are living in houses that are inappropriate for their needs. This problem exists along a spectrum and affects everyone. The truth is, at some stage in our lives, we may find ourselves living in a house that is either too big or too small.</b></p> <p>The purpose of this research is to investigate whether flexible housing is a feasible solution to address the problem of suitability. This is achieved through the design of a modular prefabricated construction system and the design of a connection which facilitates this flexibility. This system consists of a prefabricated modular panel system and a designed connection, which allows the physical fabric of the house to be altered, so it can increase or decrease in size to suit its occupants’.</p> <p>The feasibility of this system has been evaluated through the construction of a full-scale prototype and the design of a house to test its flexible abilities. Fundamentally, this research should hopefully change the way we think about constructing homes in New Zealand. An inversion of the current process and will see home construction suited to the occupant at the very beginning, middle and end of their lifespan instead of just a potentially small period. This solution could also bring about change in the way we finance our homes allowing for incremental change and incremental investment over the lifetime of the building.</p>

Growing Out before Out Growing - Flexible Housing for New Zealand

<p><b>Housing in New Zealand often makes its way into the headlines, with issues such as demand, shortfall and affordability dominating the news. There is, however, one issue that is prevalent but is barely addressed. This is the issue of suitability. Many New Zealanders are living in houses that are inappropriate for their needs. This problem exists along a spectrum and affects everyone. The truth is, at some stage in our lives, we may find ourselves living in a house that is either too big or too small.</b></p> <p>The purpose of this research is to investigate whether flexible housing is a feasible solution to address the problem of suitability. This is achieved through the design of a modular prefabricated construction system and the design of a connection which facilitates this flexibility. This system consists of a prefabricated modular panel system and a designed connection, which allows the physical fabric of the house to be altered, so it can increase or decrease in size to suit its occupants’.</p> <p>The feasibility of this system has been evaluated through the construction of a full-scale prototype and the design of a house to test its flexible abilities. Fundamentally, this research should hopefully change the way we think about constructing homes in New Zealand. An inversion of the current process and will see home construction suited to the occupant at the very beginning, middle and end of their lifespan instead of just a potentially small period. This solution could also bring about change in the way we finance our homes allowing for incremental change and incremental investment over the lifetime of the building.</p>

Crime pays; homogenized wave equations for long times

This article examines the accuracy for large times of asymptotic expansions from periodic homogenization of wave equations. As usual, ϵ denotes the small period of the coefficients in the wave equation. We first prove that the standard two scale asymptotic expansion provides an accurate approximation of the exact solution for times t of order ϵ − 2 + δ for any δ > 0. Second, for longer times, we show that a different algorithm, that is called criminal because it mixes different powers of ϵ, yields an approximation of the exact solution with error O ( ϵ N ) for times ϵ − N with N as large as one likes. The criminal algorithm involves high order homogenized equations that, in the context of the wave equation, were first proposed by Santosa and Symes and analyzed by Lamacz. The high order homogenized equations yield dispersive corrections for moderate wave numbers. We give a systematic analysis for all time scales and all high order corrective terms.

The stewardship of ‘Taiwan’s Economic Miracle’ and its feedback on national cultural context

Poverty – prosperity leap debates have been rising steeply across the globe in recent decades. Taking Taiwan with its Li Kwohting’s legacies as a good illustration how the agrarian-based colony turned into the ‘Silicon Island’ for a comparatively small period the authors analyse the man-made policies on making the ‘Taiwan’s Economic Miracle’. The article studies a ‘twilight zone’ within the gap as well as both the prerequisites and outcomes of the ‘Taiwan’s Godfather of Technology’ stewardship. The paper also considers the factors which determine the rapid growth of Taiwan.Despite the almost universal characteristics of the East Asia countries, differences between them remain substantial. This circumstance gives the authors a room for speculations over the reasons of one country becoming the world leaders. The authors use the ‘Four Asian Tigers’ as Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan for comparison. China is also included in the comparative analysis for better understanding. The study showed that the success phenomenon of the country is being determined in the national cultural context, inside of which the economy develops. The Geert Hofstede’s Six Cultural Dimensions model was utilized for employing the indexes as follows: Power Distance, Collectivism vs. Individualism, Uncertainty Avoidance Index, Femininity vs.Masculinity, Short-Term vs. Long-Term Orientation and Restraint vs. Indulgence. The cultural dimensions typology of the Geert Hofstede helped to explain the national predominance for this or that economic and political initiatives of the government, the comparison showed that the core of nation’s prosperity development mechanisms is incorporated in the Taiwanese cultural code.

An inverse Jacobian algorithm for Picard curves

We study the inverse Jacobian problem for the case of Picard curves over $${\mathbb {C}}$$ C . More precisely, we elaborate on an algorithm that, given a small period matrix $$\varOmega \in {\mathbb {C}}^{3\times 3}$$ Ω ∈ C 3 × 3 corresponding to a principally polarized abelian threefold equipped with an automorphism of order 3, returns a Legendre–Rosenhain equation for a Picard curve with Jacobian isomorphic to the given abelian variety. Our method corrects a formula obtained by Koike–Weng (Math Comput 74(249):499–518, 2005) which is based on a theorem of Siegel. As a result, we apply the algorithm to obtain equations of all the isomorphism classes of Picard curves with maximal complex multiplication by the maximal order of the sextic CM-fields with class number at most $$4$$ 4 . In particular, we obtain the complete list of maximal CM Picard curves defined over $${\mathbb {Q}}$$ Q . In the appendix, Vincent gives a correction to the generalization of Takase’s formula for the inverse Jacobian problem for hyperelliptic curves given in [Balakrishnan–Ionica–Lauter–Vincent, LMS J. Comput. Math., 19(suppl. A):283-300, 2016].

The epic “Künnü körgen Kün Köök” in self-recording and audio recording

The paper compares the variants of the Shor heroic epic “Künnü körgen Kün Köök” (“Kün Köök that saw the Sun”) recorded in 1999 with an interval of two months in the narrator’s self-recording (written in January 1999) and in audio recording (recorded in March 1999 by L. Arbachakova from V. E. Tannagashev (1932–2007). The version in the audio recording was performed by the Kai narrator accompanied by komus in the performer’s apartment in Myski city. V. E. Tannagashev learned this epic from his teacher P. N. Amzorov. The small period between the recordings resulted in insignificant discrepancies in the versions that were complementary and hardly influenced the qualitative content of the legend. The Kai narrator’s memory did not let him down, with the plots almost coinciding and different epic formulas used only in some fragments of typical places, or there were some permutations or omissions of lines. Sometimes the narrator uses synonymous words, or there are repetitions and reservations. However, there are practically no such flaws in the self-recordings. The typical points used by the kaichi, sometimes expanded and colorful, sometimes compressed, probably depended on his mood, as well as on different ways of fixing the epic (in the kaichi’s selfrecording and audio recordings). Live performance is influenced by the mood, health of the narrator, and other factors. Self-recordings made by hand are the most time-consuming since they require physical effort, perseverance, attention. It is perhaps for this reason that the recording turned out to be more shortened.

Introduction to Some Other Nature-Inspired Algorithms

In order to solve any problem through the use of computation, algorithms are required. These days, algorithms are inspired from the working of nature. These algorithms are becoming popular among researchers. Many real-world solutions are being obtained from them. Nature-inspired algorithms are powerful, flexible, find better results within a small period of time, and can be used to search optimal values for the problems. This chapter introduces some of the popular nature-inspired algorithms other than genetic algorithms (GAs), which were studied earlier.