Quantitative In Vitro Assessment of Phototoxicity by a Fibroblast-Neutral Red Assay

1992 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 725-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M Lasarow ◽  
R Rivkah Isseroff ◽  
Edward C Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Neutral Red ◽  
Neutral Red Assay ◽  
In Vitro Assessment

scholarly journals Biocompatibility Evaluation of Electrospun Scaffolds of Poly (L-Lactide) with Pure and Grafted Hydroxyapatite

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Manuel Cornejo-Bravo ◽  
Luis Jesús Villarreal-Gómez ◽  
Ricardo Vera-Graziano ◽  
María Raquel Vega-Ríos ◽  
José Luis Pineda-Camacho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
C2c12 Cells ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Neutral Red Assay ◽  
Electrospun Scaffolds ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin

<p>The objective of this work was to evaluate the biocompatibility of scaffolds of poly(<em>L</em>-lactide) with pure and grafted hydroxyapatite, at various concentrations of reinforcement. The biocompatibility tests were carried out <em>in vivo </em>in Wistar rats by implanting the material into the subcutaneous and muscle tissues from 1 to 14 weeks and evaluating the surrounding tissue stained with hematoxylin-eosin. For <em>in vitro </em>assays, MTT and neutral red assay were used to evaluate any cytotoxicity in Mioblast Muscle C2C12 Cells (ATCC® CRL-1772™) and Bovine Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells (BCAEC); <em>Escherichia coli </em>and <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>were used to evaluate bacterial adhesion. All variants of scaffolds provoked a mild inflammatory response, without showing necrosis. No evidence of cytotoxicity was presented in cell viability tests and good bacterial cell adhesion was visualized for all of the materials studied.</p>

scholarly journals 413. Differences in Inflammatory Mechanisms in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphyloccoccus auereus Infections in Cystic Fibrosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S209-S209
Author(s):  
Melissa S Phuong ◽  
Rafael E Hernandez ◽  
Subash Sad
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Neutral Red Assay ◽  
The One ◽  
The University

Abstract Background Chronic bacterial lung infections are the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF). The most common CF pathogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) or Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), are common commensal or environmental organisms that adapt to the CF lung. We sought to investigate whether adaptation from early lung colonizer to chronic pathogen alters the bacterial effects on host inflammation. Methods P. aeruginosa (n = 25) and S. aureus (n = 25) isolates from CF patients with early and chronic infections were acquired from Seattle Children’s CF. Environmental (n = 8) and clinical, non-CF P. aeruginosa (n = 8) isolates were obtained from the University of Ottawa. P. aeruginosa reference strain PA14 and PA14 transposon mutants for T3SS and flagellin were used to observe the relationship between cell death and cytokine production. We infected THP-1-derived macrophages (PMA differentiated) in vitro for 3 hours with various MOIs. We subsequently measured cell death of THP-1-derived macrophages using neutral red assay and cytokine production using ELISAs. Results Infections with PA14 mutants and non-CF P. aeruginosa isolates demonstrated that rapid cell death of THP-1-derived macrophages caused a reduction in cytokine production relative to strains that did not cause as much cell death. At 10 MOI, early P. aeruginosa isolates from CF patients induced more THP-1-derived macrophage cell death compared with chronic isolates (P < 0.0001). Chronic P. aeruginosa isolates induced greater production of TNF, IL-8, and IL-6 (P < 0.01, P < 0.0001, and P < 0.0001, respectively) compared with early strains. No difference in IL-1β production was observed. When controlling for cell death between the two groups by using heat-killed bacteria, the only difference maintained was in TNF production (P < 0.01). Between early and chronic S. aureus isolates, the one difference observed was greater IL-8 production among early isolates (P < 0.01). Conclusion Chronic P. aeruginosa isolates from CF patients induce less cell death but more TNF, IL-8, and IL-6 production compared with early isolates. This suggests that P. aeruginosa producing chronic infections induce inflammatory signals that may contribute to increased morbidity among CF patients. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

The neutral red assay can be used to evaluate cell viability during autophagy or in an acidic microenvironment in vitro

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jorge G. Gomez-Gutierrez ◽  
Neal Bhutiani ◽  
Molly W. McNally ◽  
Phillip Chuong ◽  
Wenyuan Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
Acidic Microenvironment ◽  
Neutral Red Assay

Neutral Red Uptake, Cellular Growth and Lysosomal Function: In Vitro Effects of 24 Metals

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Repetto ◽  
Pilar Sanz
Keyword(s):  
Neuroblastoma Cells ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Lysosomal Activity ◽  
Neutral Red Assay ◽  
Neutral Red Uptake ◽  
Group B ◽  
Relative Uptake

Specific toxic interference in lysosomal activity was evaluated by the relative uptake of neutral red by lysosomes. In this adaptation of the standard neutral red cytotoxicity assay, the results are expressed relative to cell culture protein content to avoid misinterpretation due to the influence on cell proliferation of the chemicals tested. Neuro-2a mouse neuroblastoma cells were exposed in vitro to 24 metal compounds and the lysosomal activity was quantified. Five different patterns of alterations were identified. Group A (ZnCl2, NaAsO2, Na2HAsO4, CdCl2, SnCl2, HgCl2, HgCH3Cl and TlCOOCH3) produced an inhibition of the relative uptake of the dye, in marked contrast to the greater inhibition shown by the neutral red uptake assay. Group B (MgCl2, A1C13, KMnO4) NiCl2, BaCl2 and Pb[NO3]2) showed less inhibition with strong parallelism with the neutral red assay. In Group C (CrCl3, Na2Cr2O7, FeCl3, CoCl2, CuCl2 and Sn[C2H5]4), low-dose stimulation, and inhibition at higher concentrations were found. Group D (LiCl and CrCl2) stimulated uptake, and Group E (MnCl2 and Sr[NO3]2) produced no significant modifications. The relative uptake of neutral red can be a convenient tool for the study of specific toxic alterations of lysosomes.

Aquatic Pollutants Tested in vitro with Early Passage Fish Cells

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
Harvey Babich ◽  
Ellen Borenfreund
Keyword(s):  
Neutral Red ◽  
Fibroblast Cells ◽  
Bluegill Sunfish ◽  
Epithelioid Cells ◽  
Fibroblastic Cell ◽  
Early Passage ◽  
Neutral Red Assay ◽  
Aquatic Pollutants ◽  
Fish Cells

Epithelioid cells derived from fin tissues of bluegill sunfish fingerlings were used at early passage with the neutral red assay to assess the relative cytotoxicities of organochlorine pesticides. These fin cells were able to differentiate between the cytotoxicities of various test agents, although they were less sensitive than were the BF-2 cells, an established fibroblastic cell-line derived from the caudal trunk of bluegill fry. Both the fin epithelioid and the BF-2 fibroblast cells lacked significant xenobiotic metabolising capacity, based on determinations of 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase as the indicator of monooxygenase activities. Such enzymatic activity could not be induced by exposure of the cultures to Arochlor 1254.

scholarly journals Cytotoxic effects of individual and binary combinations of zearalenone and ochratoxin a on liver

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
D.E. Marin ◽  
G. C. Pistol ◽  
I. Taranu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Neutral Red Assay ◽  
Human Liver Cancer Cell ◽  
Human Liver Cancer ◽  
Contaminated Food

AbstractCo-contamination with mycotoxin represents a serious concern for human and animal health. In this in vitro study, we investigated the combined effects of ZEA and OTA, mycotoxins which frequently contaminate cereals, in binary mixtures on the viability of human liver cancer cell line (HepG2). Cell viability was assessed after 24 h using a neutral red assay. An antagonistic effect was observed for binary toxins combinations affecting 25% of cell viability (CI=4.18), which turn into a synergistic effect as followed: slight at IL50 (CI=1.51), moderate at IL75 (CI=0.554) and strong at IL90 (CI=0.203). In conclusion, our results show an important additive and even synergistic cytotoxic effect of two commonly occurred mycotoxins: zearalenone and ochratoxin when they are present simultaneously in food or feed. The co-exposure to mycotoxins lead to a higher toxicity than the exposure to single toxin. Our study provides important data for mycotoxins risk assessment. In this context, a re-evaluation of the guidance levels for mycotoxins will be required in the future, in order to reduce the health risk associated with the possible consumption of mycotoxin co-contaminated food or feed.

scholarly journals In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Some Natural and Semi-Synthetic Isocoumarins from Paepalanthus bromelioides

2002 ◽  
Vol 57 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina F. Devienne ◽  
Maria Stella G. Raddi ◽  
Eliana A. Varanda ◽  
Wagner Vilegas
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Neutral Red Assay ◽  
Chemically Modified

Numerous natural compounds have a potential for therapeutic applications, but may have to be chemically modified to alter toxic side effects. We investigated structural parameters that could affect the cytotoxicity of isocoumarins similar to 9,10-dihydroxy-5,7-dimethoxy- 1H-naphtho(2,3c)pyran-1-one (paepalantine 1). Paepalantine 1 has antimicrobial activity, as well as significant in vitro cytotoxic effects in the McCoy cell line. Two other natural and two semi-synthetic isocoumarins with similar structures obtained from the capitula of Paepalanthus bromelioides were tested on the same cell line by the neutral red assay. Substitution of the 9 and/or 10-OH group made these compounds less cytotoxic.

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