Molting process revealed by the detailed expression profiles of RXR1/RXR2 and mining the associated genes in a spider mite, Panonychus citri

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Li ◽  
Xun‐Yan Liu ◽  
Guy Smagghe ◽  
Jin‐Zhi Niu ◽  
Jin‐Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Spider Mite ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Panonychus Citri ◽  
Molting Process

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Characterization and Identification of Long Non-Coding RNAs during the Molting Process of a Spider Mite, Panonychus citri

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 6909
Author(s):  
Gang Li ◽  
Xunyan Liu ◽  
Guy Smagghe ◽  
Jinzhi Niu ◽  
Jinjun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Spider Mite ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Spider Mites ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Panonychus Citri ◽  
Molting Process ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

Molting is essential for arthropods to grow. As one of the important arthropod pests in agriculture, key spider mite species (Tetranychus and Panonychus) can normally molt three times from the larva to adult stage within a week. This physiological strategy results in the short lifecycle of spider mites and difficulties in their control in the field. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate transcriptional editing, cellular function, and biological processes. Thus, analysis of the lncRNAs in the spider mite molting process may provide new insights into their roles in the molting mechanism. For this purpose, we used high-throughput RNA-seq to examine the expression dynamics of lncRNAs and mRNAs in the molting process of different development stages in Panonychus citri. We identified 9199 lncRNAs from 18 transcriptomes. Analysis of the lncRNAs suggested that they were shorter and had fewer exons and transcripts than mRNAs. Among these, 356 lncRNAs were differentially expressed during three molting processes: late larva to early protonymph, late protonymph to early deutonymph, and late deutonymph to early adult. A time series profile analysis of differentially expressed lncRNAs showed that 77 lncRNAs were clustered into two dynamic expression profiles (Pattern a and Pattern c), implying that lncRNAs were involved in the molting process of spider mites. Furthermore, the lncRNA–mRNA co-expression networks showed that several differentially expressed hub lncRNAs were predicted to be functionally associated with typical molting-related proteins, such as cuticle protein and chitin biosynthesis. These data reveal the potential regulatory function of lncRNAs in the molting process and provide datasets for further analysis of lncRNAs and mRNAs in spider mites.

RNAi of the nuclear receptor HR3 suggests a role in the molting process of the spider mite Panonychus citri

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
Gang Li ◽  
Xun-Yan Liu ◽  
Xi Han ◽  
Jin-zhi Niu ◽  
Jin-Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Receptor ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Panonychus Citri ◽  
Molting Process

Transcriptome-Wide Identification of MicroRNAs and Analysis of Their Potential Roles in Development of Indian Meal Moth (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 1535-1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Er-Hu Chen ◽  
Ye-Xin Tao ◽  
Wei Song ◽  
Fei Shen ◽  
Ming-Long Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Target Genes ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Plodia Interpunctella ◽  
Indian Meal Moth ◽  
Molting Process ◽  
Complex Development ◽  
Indian Meal ◽  
Eggs And Larvae

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to play indispensable roles in regulating various developmental processes via the posttranscriptional repression of target genes in insect species. In the present paper, we studied the miRNAs in Indian meal moth (Plodia interpunctella (Hübener)), one of the most economically important stored grains pests around the world. In total, 12 small RNA libraries from four developmental stages of P. interpunctella were constructed, and 178 known and 23 novel miRNAs were identified. In addition, the expression profiles of these miRNAs were assessed across different developmental stages and miRNAs that were highly expressed in eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults were identified. Specifically, 100, 61, and 52 miRNAs were differentially expressed between eggs and larvae, larvae and pupae, and pupae and adults, respectively. The KEGG and GO analysis of the predicted target genes suggested the essential roles of miRNAs in the regulation of complex development of P. interpunctella. Importantly, we also found a set of miRNAs might be involved in the larval metamorphic molting process, with their expressions increasing and then decreasing during the larva-pupa-adult stages of P. interpunctella. In conclusion, the current paper has discovered numerous miRNAs, and some key miRNAs that might be responsible for regulating development in P. interpunctella. To our knowledge, this is the first study to document miRNAs and their expression patterns in interpunctella, and those findings would lay an important molecular foundation for future functional analysis of these miRNAs in P. interpunctella.

scholarly journals Disruption of a horizontally transferred phytoene desaturase abolishes carotenoid accumulation and diapause in Tetranychus urticae

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (29) ◽  
pp. E5871-E5880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Bryon ◽  
Andre H. Kurlovs ◽  
Wannes Dermauw ◽  
Robert Greenhalgh ◽  
Maria Riga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Spider Mites ◽  
Phytoene Desaturase ◽  
Panonychus Citri ◽  
Biosynthetic Genes ◽  
Gall Midges ◽  
Citrus Red Mite ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Carotenoids underlie many of the vibrant yellow, orange, and red colors in animals, and are involved in processes ranging from vision to protection from stresses. Most animals acquire carotenoids from their diets because de novo synthesis of carotenoids is primarily limited to plants and some bacteria and fungi. Recently, sequencing projects in aphids and adelgids, spider mites, and gall midges identified genes with homology to fungal sequences encoding de novo carotenoid biosynthetic proteins like phytoene desaturase. The finding of horizontal gene transfers of carotenoid biosynthetic genes to three arthropod lineages was unprecedented; however, the relevance of the transfers for the arthropods that acquired them has remained largely speculative, which is especially true for spider mites that feed on plant cell contents, a known source of carotenoids. Pigmentation in spider mites results solely from carotenoids. Using a combination of genetic approaches, we show that mutations in a single horizontally transferred phytoene desaturase result in complete albinism in the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, as well as in the citrus red mite, Panonychus citri. Further, we show that phytoene desaturase activity is essential for photoperiodic induction of diapause in an overwintering strain of T. urticae, consistent with a role for this enzyme in provisioning provitamin A carotenoids required for light perception. Carotenoid biosynthetic genes of fungal origin have therefore enabled some mites to forgo dietary carotenoids, with endogenous synthesis underlying their intense pigmentation and ability to enter diapause, a key to the global distribution of major spider mite pests of agriculture.

scholarly journals Biodiversity of spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) in Serbia: a review, new records and key to all known species

Acarologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
Ivana Marić ◽  
Dejean Marčić ◽  
Radmila Petanović ◽  
Philippe Auger
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
New Records ◽  
Spider Mites ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Panonychus Citri ◽  
Tetranychus Evansi ◽  
Host Plant Species

Despite the economic importance of spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae), data on their biodiversity are scarce in some regions of Europe, such as Balkan Peninsula and particularly in Serbia. In this country, according to the Spider Mites Web database, only 17 spider mite species belonging to seven genera have been reported. This study provides a review of the Serbian literature dealing with spider mites species recorded in Serbia and presents results of a four-year faunistic survey in which spider mites were collected on cultivated plants and native vegetation throughout the country. In the survey, a total of 23 species were recorded, including six species new to Serbian acarofauna: Bryobia praetiosa, Eotetranychus aceri, E. fraxini, E. pruni, Panonychus citri and Tetranychus evansi. Together with previously reported data, it raises the number of known spider mite species in Serbia to 36. A total of 90 host plant species from 21 families that are favorable to spider mites were recorded in this study; there were 62 new host records for 20 spider mite species with 11 records of new plant species as hosts of spider mites. There were 63 new records for Serbia among host plant species, raising the number of Serbian hosts for tetranychid mites to 137. The spider mite species new to Serbian acarofauna were found on 17 newly recorded host plants from 11 families. A key to all known spider mites species from Serbia is provided.

scholarly journals Field Experiment Effect on Citrus Spider Mite Panonychus citri of Venom from Jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai: The Potential Use of Jellyfish in Agriculture

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
Huahua Yu ◽  
Rongfeng Li ◽  
Xueqin Wang ◽  
Yang Yue ◽  
Song Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Acaricidal Activity ◽  
Nemopilema Nomurai ◽  
Panonychus Citri ◽  
Potential Approach ◽  
Field Efficacy ◽  
Potential Use

Jellyfish are rich in resources and widely distributed along coastal areas. As a potential approach to respond to jellyfish blooms, the use of jellyfish-derived products is increasing. The citrus spider mite (Panonychus citri) is one of the key citrus pests, negatively impacting the quality and quantity of oranges. Due to the resistance and residue of chemical acaricides, it is important to seek natural substitutes that are environmentally friendly. The field efficacy of the venom from the jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai against P. citri was assayed in a citrus garden. The frozen N. nomurai tentacles were sonicated in different buffers to isolate the venom. The venom isolated by PBS buffer (10 mM, pH 6.0) had the strongest acaricidal activity of the four samples, and the corrected field efficacy 7 days after treatment was up to 95.21%. This study demonstrated that jellyfish has potential use in agriculture.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of the Intermolt and Postmolt Hepatopancreas Transcriptomes Provides Insight into the Mechanisms of Procambarus clarkii Molting Process

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 480
Author(s):  
Shengyan Su ◽  
Brian Pelekelo Munganga ◽  
Can Tian ◽  
JianLin Li ◽  
Fan Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Procambarus Clarkii ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
R Package ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Molting Process

In the present study, we used RNA-Seq to investigate the expression changes in the transcriptomes of two molting stages (postmolt (M) and intermolt (NM)) of the red swamp crayfish and identified differentially expressed genes. The transcriptomes of the two molting stages were de novo assembled into 139,100 unigenes with a mean length of 675.59 bp. The results were searched against the NCBI, NR, KEGG, Swissprot, and KOG databases, to annotate gene descriptions, associate them with gene ontology terms, and assign them to pathways. Furthermore, using the DESeq R package, differentially expressed genes were evaluated. The analysis revealed that 2347 genes were significantly (p > 0.05) differentially expressed in the two molting stages. Several genes and other factors involved in several molecular events critical for the molting process, such as energy requirements, hormonal regulation, immune response, and exoskeleton formation were identified and evaluated by correlation and KEGG analysis. The expression profiles of transcripts detected via RNA-Seq were validated by real-time PCR assay of eight genes. The information presented here provides a transient view of the hepatopancreas transcripts available in the postmolt and intermolt stage of crayfish, hormonal regulation, immune response, and skeletal-related activities during the postmolt stage and the intermolt stage.

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