The effects of general anaesthesia on oxygen consumption: A meta-analysis guiding future studies on perioperative oxygen transport

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Jakobsson ◽  
Sofia Vadman ◽  
Eva Hagel ◽  
Sigridur Kalman ◽  
Erzsébet Bartha
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
General Anaesthesia ◽  
Oxygen Transport ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Future Studies

Characterisation of production of organic rich topsoil from sludge

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 195-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Andreasen ◽  
P. B. Mortensen ◽  
A. Stubsgaard ◽  
B. Langdahl
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Transport ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Soil Mixture ◽  
Water Suspension ◽  
Aerobic Process ◽  
Stable Product

The stabilisation of a sludge-mineral soil mixture and a method to evaluate the state of stabilisation were investigated. The organic matter and nitrogen content are reduced up to 50% during a stabilisation process of three months under Danish climatic conditions. The stabilisation was shown to be an aerobic process limited by oxygen transport within the mixture. The degree of stabilisation was evaluated by oxygen consumption in a water suspension and the results showed that a stable product was achieved when oxygen consumption was stable and in the level of natural occurring aerobic soils (0.1 mgO2/(g DS*hr). The study thereby demonstrates that a stability of a growth media can be controlled by the oxygen consumption method tested.

scholarly journals Zumba®, Fat Mass and Maximum Oxygen Consumption: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Manuel Chavarrias ◽  
Santos Villafaina ◽  
Ana Myriam Lavín-Pérez ◽  
Jorge Carlos-Vivas ◽  
Eugenio Merellano-Navarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Mass Percentage ◽  
Large Heterogeneity

Background and objectives: Obesity or overweight is associated with many health risk factors and preventable mortality. Even people with normal weight and without history of obesity or overweight should avoid weight gain to reduce health risks factors. In this regard Latin aerobic dances involved in Zumba® practice make this modality motivating for people. Apart from weight loss and VO2peak benefits, Zumba practice is also interesting by the increase in adherence which can also avoid weight regain. The aim was to systematically review the scientific literature about the effects of any randomized intervention of Zumba® practice on total fat mass (%) and maximum oxygen consumption (VO2peak), besides establishing directions for the clinical practice. Evidence acquisition: Two systematic searches were conducted in two electronic databases following the PRISMA guidelines. The eligibility criteria were (a) outcomes: body mass or VO2peak data including mean and standard deviation (SD) before and after Zumba® intervention, (b) study design: randomized controlled trial (RCT) and (c) language: English. GRADE guidelines were used to assess the quality of evidence. A meta-analysis was performed to determine mean differences. Nine and four studies were selected for fat mass percentage and VO2peak in the systematic review, respectively. However, only eight studies for fat mass percentage and three for VO2peak could be included in the meta-analysis. Evidence synthesis: The overall standardized mean difference for fat mass was −0.25 with a 95% CI from −0.67 to 0.16 with a p-value of 0.69, with large heterogeneity. On the other hand, the overall effect size for VO2peak was 0.53 (95% CI from 0.04 to 1.02 with a p-value of 0.03) with large heterogeneity. Conclusions: Based on the evidence, we cannot conclude that Zumba® is effective at reducing body mass but it may improve VO2peak. However, the limited number of studies that met the inclusion criteria makes it too early to reach a definite conclusion, so more research is needed.

scholarly journals Deep learning for cephalometric landmark detection: systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Falk Schwendicke ◽  
Akhilanand Chaurasia ◽  
Lubaina Arsiwala ◽  
Jae-Hong Lee ◽  
Karim Elhennawy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Automated Detection ◽  
Reference Test ◽  
Landmark Detection ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Objectives Deep learning (DL) has been increasingly employed for automated landmark detection, e.g., for cephalometric purposes. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the accuracy and underlying evidence for DL for cephalometric landmark detection on 2-D and 3-D radiographs. Methods Diagnostic accuracy studies published in 2015-2020 in Medline/Embase/IEEE/arXiv and employing DL for cephalometric landmark detection were identified and extracted by two independent reviewers. Random-effects meta-analysis, subgroup, and meta-regression were performed, and study quality was assessed using QUADAS-2. The review was registered (PROSPERO no. 227498). Data From 321 identified records, 19 studies (published 2017–2020), all employing convolutional neural networks, mainly on 2-D lateral radiographs (n=15), using data from publicly available datasets (n=12) and testing the detection of a mean of 30 (SD: 25; range.: 7–93) landmarks, were included. The reference test was established by two experts (n=11), 1 expert (n=4), 3 experts (n=3), and a set of annotators (n=1). Risk of bias was high, and applicability concerns were detected for most studies, mainly regarding the data selection and reference test conduct. Landmark prediction error centered around a 2-mm error threshold (mean; 95% confidence interval: (–0.581; 95 CI: –1.264 to 0.102 mm)). The proportion of landmarks detected within this 2-mm threshold was 0.799 (0.770 to 0.824). Conclusions DL shows relatively high accuracy for detecting landmarks on cephalometric imagery. The overall body of evidence is consistent but suffers from high risk of bias. Demonstrating robustness and generalizability of DL for landmark detection is needed. Clinical significance Existing DL models show consistent and largely high accuracy for automated detection of cephalometric landmarks. The majority of studies so far focused on 2-D imagery; data on 3-D imagery are sparse, but promising. Future studies should focus on demonstrating generalizability, robustness, and clinical usefulness of DL for this objective.

Planning future studies based on the precision of network meta-analysis results

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 978-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriani Nikolakopoulou ◽  
Dimitris Mavridis ◽  
Georgia Salanti
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Future Studies

The family impact of dental general anaesthesia in children: A meta‐analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joon Soo Park ◽  
Robert P. Anthonappa ◽  
Nigel M. King ◽  
Colman P. McGrath
Keyword(s):  
General Anaesthesia ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Family Impact ◽  
The Family ◽  
Dental General Anaesthesia

scholarly journals How is Intelligence Test Performance Associated with Creative Achievement? A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Karwowski ◽  
Marta Czerwonka ◽  
Ewa Wiśniewska ◽  
Boris Forthmann
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Intelligence Test ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Creative Achievement ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Everyday Creativity ◽  
Intelligence Test Scores ◽  
Intelligence Scores

This paper presents a meta-analysis of the links between intelligence test scores and creative achievement. A three-level meta-analysis of 117 correlation coefficients from 30 studies has found a correlation of r = .16 (95% CI: .12, .19), closely mirroring previous meta-analytic findings. The estimated effects were stronger for overall creative achievement and achievement in scientific domains than for correlations between intelligence scores and creative achievement in the arts and everyday creativity. No signs of publication bias were found. We discuss theoretical implications and provide recommendations for future studies.

scholarly journals The incidence of left-handedness: a meta-analysis [1993]

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Christopher McManus
Keyword(s):  
Sex Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Left Handedness ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Method Of Measurement ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
Unpublished Manuscripts

A meta-analysis is reported of 88 studies, examining 100 study populations, in which the handedness of 284665 individuals has been assessed. The overall incidence of left-handedness was 7.78%. The incidence of left-handedness was not related to the method of measurement, or the length or number of response items included in inventories. Study populations with lower response rates and smaller study populations showed some evidence of higher incidences of left-handedness, presumably due to response biasses. There was no evidence that the incidence of left-handedness was related to the year of publication of studies; however the incidence of left-handedness was lower in older subjects and in those from earlier birth cohorts, the two effects not being statistically distinguishable.Information was available from 64 study populations concerning the incidence of left-handedness in males and females; overall 8.52% of males were left-handed compared with 6.69% of females, the male incidence being 27.4% higher than that in females. Although there was some suggestion that the sex difference was greater in larger studies, and in studies whose main purpose was not the study of handedness, these differences were not significant. It is concluded that the size of the sex difference is unrelated to any of the moderator variables we have studied.It was not possible to carry out a meta-analysis of degree of handedness due to wide-spread differences in the method of reporting of degree of handedness.We recommend that future studies of handedness should, as a minimum, use one of three standard methods of assessment, so that comparison of studies is facilitated. Note: This manuscript was originally prepared in 1993 but due to problems at a major journal, described briefly, was never eventually published. It has however been cited on a number of occasions, and has been available at https://www.ucl.ac.uk/medical-education/publications/unpublished-manuscripts/meta-analysis-of-handedness . A major meta-analysis of handedness in 2019 by another author has now been submitted which cites this manuscript, and therefore it needs to be available in a more archivable format.

scholarly journals Why is cyanide acutely lethal at very low doses?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelath Murali Manoj
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Transport ◽  
Atp Synthesis ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome ◽  
Futile Cycles ◽  
New Hypothesis ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase

Cyanide is conventionally perceived as a binder of heme-Fe centers, disrupting oxygen transport by blood hemoglobin and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase function. This explanation of toxicity would require millimolar (g/Kg dosage) concentration of cyanide, whereas it is lethal even at micromolar (mg/Kg dosage) ranges. It is long known that oxygen consumption by cells leads to the production of diffusible reactive oxygen species (DROS). Recently, DROS mediated catalytic/metabolic roles were proposed as a physiological source of heat and phosphorylation of ADP within mitochondria. In this purview, it is hypothesized herein that cyanide uses the catalytic DROS via futile cycles, stopping ATP-synthesis and thus killing cells. A quantitative mechanistic perspective delineating the old and new explanations is provided herein. Further, experimental modalities and predictable outcomes are detailed to test the new hypothesis.

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