Reduce the Degradation of Polyhydroxyalkanoates: Feeding in the Oxygen-limiting Section Increases the Accumulation of PHAs

To solve the problem that the content of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) in the aerobic section of the traditional anaerobic-aerobic process continues to decrease, two different feeding modes in the oxygen-limiting section were explored under the anaerobic-oxygen limiting process(for reducing the energy consumption of aeration). Based on 16SrRNA sequence analyses, the results show that the abundance of Hydrogenovora(9.57%), Zoogloea(6.73%), Thaurea(1.49%) and other bacterial genera in the microbial community had increased after enrichment. PHAs were synthesized in the oxygen-limiting stage of both one-time feeding and batch feeding mode. The maximum content of PHA reached 52.17% when C/N increased to 150 in the one-time feeding mode, and that reached 42.04% in batch feeding mode when C/N was 100. The one-time feeding mode shows a more significant accumulation potential of PHAs than the batch feeding mode. The content of PHAs shows an increasing trend with the increase of C/N ratio, and a high C/N ratio may lead to sludge bulking and other problems, making the sludge system unsteady.

Endurance product for sprinters

Endurance in sprint running is determined by the runner's ability to maintain maximum high speed at a distance and resist its decline due to fatigue that occurs during running. At present, recommendations for the development of sprint endurance are mainly intended for athletes using various means and methods of sports training. The development of this quality in athletes with the use of nutritional improvement technology has mainly general recommendations. Thanks to the nitrate contained in beets, the body absorbs more oxygen and fatigue less during exercise, contributing to the aerobic process. The main task of our work was: to determine the indicators of endurance in sprint running (repeated running of 100 m segments 5-6 times with the determination of the average), and to substantiate the methodology for the development of this quality in athletes using the technology of taking probiotics. The experimental data made it possible to reveal the effectiveness of the applied methodology for the development of endurance in sprint running. Moreover, the greatest effect was achieved using the method of circular training, with the inclusion of the means of speed-strength training in combination with running, as well as repeated running of short and long segments (30-200 m), alternating in one lesson, with a gradual decrease in the rest intervals. The experimental group that took beet juice showed a higher endurance increase in an average of 0.5 seconds than the control group, which allows us to draw a conclusion about the importance of taking nitrate in beets and its positive effect on the endurance of sprinters.

PENGOLAHAN LINDI (LEACHEATE) DENGAN METODE MOVING BED BIOFILM REACTOR (MBBR) DENGAN PROSES AEROBIK-ANOKSIK UNTUK MENURUNKAN KONSENTRASI COD, TSS, DAN AMONIA.

ABSTRACT Leachate contains high levels of organic matter, TSS and ammonia. Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) is a biological treatment that can reduce the concentration contained in leachate. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of MBBR to reduce the content of organic matter, TSS, and ammonia, by using variations in the detention time of aerobic-anoxic processes and sticky media. This research is a laboratory scale research. Leachate samples came from the Kotawaringin Timur TPA Inlet. The reactor is operated in batches. During the aerobic process the moving media is assisted by an aerator pump and submersible pump, while in the anoxic process it is only from a submersible pump. The MBBR processing used has a capacity of 5L with a media capacity of 2L. The variations of the media used were K1 and K3 caldness, while the aerobic detention time was 14.5 hours - anoxic 10 hours and aerobic 10 hours anoxic 7 hours. The results obtained show that MBBR can be used to treat leachate. The best decrease in COD, TSS, and ammonia concentrations occurred in K1 media with 14.5-anoxic 10-hour aerobic detention time with a reduction of 74.8%, 93.14%, and 83.72%.

Comparative Analysis of Different Combinations of Composting and Testing of Soil Physical Properties

During composting process, soils undergo many changes in their physical, chemical and biological properties. Composting has been widely known as an aerobic process during which organic matter is decomposed to humus like substances broken into many organic materials or compounds. The project aims to compare and analyze different combination of composting that yield different properties and nature of soils, and testing their soil physical properties. Dug three compost pits each 1.5 m in depth, labeled compost pit A consisting of potato peels – the only kitchen waste most common around the college hostels, compost pit B consisting of leaf litter and other garden trimmings and compost pit C consisting of cow dung and the other as a controlled experiment with no composting practices.