Author response for "COVID‐19‐related self‐harm and suicidality among individuals with mental disorders"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oskar Hougaard Jefsen ◽  
Christopher Rohde ◽  
Bettina Nørremark ◽  
Søren Dinesen Østergaard
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Author Response ◽  
Self Harm

Tobacco smoking and mental disorders in Australian adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 000486742110096
Author(s):  
David Lawrence ◽  
Sarah E Johnson ◽  
Francis Mitrou ◽  
Sharon Lawn ◽  
Michael Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Current Tobacco

Objectives: This study aimed to (1) examine the strength of the association between mental disorders/mental health problems, risk behaviours and tobacco smoking among Australian adolescents, (2) compare rates of tobacco smoking among Australian adolescents with major depressive disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and/or conduct disorder in 2013/14 vs 1998, and (3) identify the extent to which an association between tobacco smoking and mental health problems among adolescents can be attributed to non-mental health risk factors. Methods: The study utilised data from the first (1998) and second (2013/14) child and adolescent components of the National Surveys of Mental Health and Wellbeing. Both surveys identified nationally representative samples of Australian young people aged 4–17 years, living in private dwellings. Information was collected from parents and 13- to 17-year-olds about mental disorders, mental health problems, risk behaviours and tobacco smoking. Results: In the 2013/14 survey, the rate of current tobacco smoking among those with a mental disorder was 20% compared to 5% in those without a mental disorder. Rates were highest for young people with conduct disorder (50%), major depressive disorder (24%) and anxiety disorders (19%). In 2013/14, 38% of current tobacco smokers had a mental disorder and 32% reported self-harm and/or suicidal ideation vs 10% and 5%, respectively, among adolescents who had never smoked. Females with mental disorders or reporting self-harm or suicidal ideation had higher rates of current smoking than males. Other significant factors associated with current smoking included school-related problems, binge eating and having had more than one sexual partner. Conclusion: While smoking rates in 13- to 17-year-olds with mental disorders had declined since 1998, the strength of the association between mental disorders and smoking had increased, especially among females. Our findings highlight the need to address the tobacco smoking among adolescents with mental disorders, particularly females.

scholarly journals Mental imagery in psychiatry: conceptual & clinical implications

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie L. Ji ◽  
David J. Kavanagh ◽  
Emily A. Holmes ◽  
Colin MacLeod ◽  
Martina Di Simplicio
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Imagery ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Transdiagnostic Treatment ◽  
Treatment Decision Making ◽  
Behavioral Dysfunction ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Linguistic Cognition

Mental imagery refers to the experience of perception in the absence of external sensory input. Deficits in the ability to generate mental imagery or to distinguish it from actual sensory perception are linked to neurocognitive conditions such as dementia and schizophrenia, respectively. However, the importance of mental imagery to psychiatry extends beyond neurocognitive impairment. Mental imagery has a stronger link to emotion than verbal-linguistic cognition, serving to maintain and amplify emotional states, with downstream impacts on motivation and behavior. As a result, anomalies in the occurrence of emotion-laden mental imagery has transdiagnostic significance for emotion, motivation, and behavioral dysfunction across mental disorders. This review aims to demonstrate the conceptual and clinical significance of mental imagery in psychiatry through examples of mood and anxiety disorders, self-harm and suicidality, and addiction. We contend that focusing on mental imagery assessment in research and clinical practice can increase our understanding of the cognitive basis of psychopathology in mental disorders, with the potential to drive the development of algorithms to aid treatment decision-making and inform transdiagnostic treatment innovation.

scholarly journals COVID‐19‐related self‐harm and suicidality among individuals with mental disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. H. Jefsen ◽  
C. Rohde ◽  
B. Nørremark ◽  
S. D. Østergaard
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Self Harm

scholarly journals The association between a history of self-harm and mental disorders in pregnancy

2019 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 159-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine MacLeod Hall ◽  
Emma Molyneaux ◽  
Hannah Gordon ◽  
Kylee Trevillion ◽  
Paul Moran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
In Pregnancy

Prevalence of mental disorders and deliberate self-harm in Greek male prisoners

2006 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fotiadou ◽  
M. Livaditis ◽  
I. Manou ◽  
E. Kaniotou ◽  
K. Xenitidis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Male Prisoners

scholarly journals Self-harm in women with postpartum mental disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 1563-1569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedicte Marie Johannsen ◽  
Janne Tidselbak Larsen ◽  
Thomas Munk Laursen ◽  
Karyn Ayre ◽  
Louise M. Howard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Facility ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Childless Women ◽  
First Child ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
First Onset ◽  
Self Harm

AbstractBackgroundWomen suffering from first onset postpartum mental disorders (PPMD) have a highly elevated risk of suicide. The current study aimed to: (1) describe the risk of self-harm among women with PPMD and (2) investigate the extent to which self-harm is associated with later suicide.MethodsWe conducted a register-based cohort study linking national Danish registers. This identified women with any recorded first inpatient or outpatient contact to a psychiatric facility within 90 days after giving birth to their first child. The main outcome of interest was defined as the first hospital-registered episode of self-harm. Our cohort consisted of 1 202 292 women representing 24 053 543 person-years at risk.ResultsAmong 1554 women with severe first onset PPMD, 64 had a first-ever hospital record of self-harm. Women with PPMD had a hazard ratio (HR) for self-harm of 6.2 (95% CI 4.9–8.0), compared to mothers without mental disorders; but self-harm risk was lower in PPMD women compared to mothers with non-PPMD [HR: 10.1, (95% CI 9.6–10.5)] and childless women with mental disorders [HR: 9.3 (95% CI 8.9–9.7)]. Women with PPMD and records of self-harm had a significantly greater risk for later suicide compared with all other groups of women in the cohort.ConclusionsWomen with PPMD had a high risk of self-harm, although lower than risks observed in other psychiatric patients. However, PPMD women who had self-harmed constituted a vulnerable group at significantly increased risk of later suicide.

Mental health

2021 ◽  
pp. 767-794
Author(s):  
Charlotte Hanlon ◽  
Asnake Limenhe
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Learning Disability ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Adjustment Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Post Traumatic

Suicide and deliberate self-harm?, Acute behavioural disturbance?, Common mental disorders?, Severe mental disorders psychoses?, Disorders due to substance abuse?, Withdrawal states?, Adjustment disorders and bereavement?, Post-traumatic stress disorder?, Intellectual learning disability?, Disorders in children and adolescents?

scholarly journals Estimating income-related and area-based inequalities in mental health among nationally representative adolescents in Australia: The concentration index approach

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257573
Author(s):  
Md Irteja Islam ◽  
Gail M. Ormsby ◽  
Enamul Kabir ◽  
Rasheda Khanam
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Concentration Index ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Bullying Victimization ◽  
Self Harm

Despite the awareness of the importance of mental health problems among adolescents in developed countries like Australia, inequality has not been widely researched. This study, is therefore, aimed to measure and compare household income-related and area-based socioeconomic inequalities in mental health problems (bullying victimization, mental disorders–single and multiple, self-harm and suicidality–ideation, plan and attempt) among Australian adolescents aged 12–17 years. Young Minds Matter (YMM)—the 2nd national cross-sectional mental health and well-being survey involving Australian children and adolescents conducted in 2013–14, was used in this study to select data for adolescents aged 12–17 years (n = 2521). Outcome variables included: bullying, mental disorders, self-harm, and suicidal ideation, plan and attempt. The Erreygers’s corrected concentration index (CI) approach was used to measure the socioeconomic inequalities in mental health problems using two separate rank variables–equivalised household income quintiles and area-based Index of Relative Socioeconomic Advantage and Disadvantage (IRSAD) quintiles. The prevalence of mental health problems in the previous 12-months among these study participants were: bullying victimization (31.1%, 95% CI: 29%-33%), mental disorder (22.9%, 95% CI: 21%-24%), self-harm (9.1%, 95% CI: 8%-10%), suicidal ideation (8.5%, 95% CI: 7%-10%), suicidal plan (5.9%, 95% CI: 5%-7%) and suicidal attempt (2.8%, 95% CI: 2%-3%). The concentration indices (CIs) were statistically significant for bullying victimization (CI = -0.049, p = 0.020), multiple mental disorders (CI = -0.088, p = <0.001), suicidal ideation (CI = -0.023, p = 0.047) and suicidal attempt (CI = -0.021, p = 0.002), implying pro-poor socioeconomic inequalities based on equivalized household income quintiles. Similar findings revealed when adolescents mental health inequalities calculated on the basis of area based IRSAD (Index of Relative Socio-economic Advantage and Disadvantage) quintiles. Overall, adolescents from economically worse-off families experienced more mental health-related problems compared to those from economically better-off families. This has implications for prevention strategies and government policy in order to promote mental health and provide equitable healthcare facility.

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