Grazing behavior and performance of beef cattle as a function of sward structure and herbage quality under rotational and continuous stocking on species-rich upland pasture

2013 ◽  
Vol 84 (8) ◽  
pp. 622-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Stejskalová ◽  
Pavla Hejcmanová ◽  
Vilém Pavlů ◽  
Michal Hejcman
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Grazing Behavior ◽  
Herbage Quality ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Upland Pasture ◽  
Sward Structure

185 Effect of concrete slats and rubber-covered slats on the intake and performance of growing ‘weanling’ beef cattle accommodated indoors

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Cathy McGettigan ◽  
Mark McGee ◽  
Edward O'Riordan ◽  
Alan Kelly ◽  
Bernadette Earley
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Genome-wide association for heifer reproduction and calf performance traits in beef cattle

Genome ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 549-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Everestus C. Akanno ◽  
Graham Plastow ◽  
Carolyn Fitzsimmons ◽  
Stephen P. Miller ◽  
Vern Baron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
And Performance

The aim of this study was to identify SNP markers that associate with variation in beef heifer reproduction and performance of their calves. A genome-wide association study was performed by means of the generalized quasi-likelihood score (GQLS) method using heifer genotypes from the BovineSNP50 BeadChip and estimated breeding values for pre-breeding body weight (PBW), pregnancy rate (PR), calving difficulty (CD), age at first calving (AFC), calf birth weight (BWT), calf weaning weight (WWT), and calf pre-weaning average daily gain (ADG). Data consisted of 785 replacement heifers from three Canadian research herds, namely Brandon Research Centre, Brandon, Manitoba, University of Alberta Roy Berg Kinsella Ranch, Kinsella, Alberta, and Lacombe Research Centre, Lacombe, Alberta. After applying a false discovery rate correction at a 5% significance level, a total of 4, 3, 3, 9, 6, 2, and 1 SNPs were significantly associated with PBW, PR, CD, AFC, BWT, WWT, and ADG, respectively. These SNPs were located on chromosomes 1, 5–7, 9, 13–16, 19–21, 24, 25, and 27–29. Chromosomes 1, 5, and 24 had SNPs with pleiotropic effects. New significant SNPs that impact functional traits were detected, many of which have not been previously reported. The results of this study support quantitative genetic studies related to the inheritance of these traits, and provides new knowledge regarding beef cattle quantitative trait loci effects. The identification of these SNPs provides a starting point to identify genes affecting heifer reproduction traits and performance of their calves (BWT, WWT, and ADG). They also contribute to a better understanding of the biology underlying these traits and will be potentially useful in marker- and genome-assisted selection and management.

1 Effect of Conditioning, Rest, and Post-rest Transport Duration on Welfare Indicators of Beef Cattle Transported by Road

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 2-3
Author(s):  
Daniela M Melendez ◽  
Sonia Marti ◽  
Timothy D Schwinghamer ◽  
Derek B Haley ◽  
Karen S Schwartzkopf-Genswein
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Flight Speed ◽  
Beef Calves ◽  
Welfare Indicators ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
And Performance

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the effects of conditioning, rest, and post-rest transport duration on welfare indicators of 6–7 mo old beef calves. Three hundred and twenty-eight weaned calves (237 ± 29.7 kg BW) were randomly assigned to a 2 × 2 × 2 nested factorial design: conditioning, conditioned (C) or non-conditioned (N); rest, 0 (R0) or 8 (R8) h, and post-rest transport, 4 (T4) or 15 (T15) h. Calves were sampled prior to the first loading (L1), after 20h of transport, prior to and after the additional 4 or 15-h transport, and at 1, 2, 3, 5, 14, and 28 d after transport ended. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS. Fixed effects included conditioning, transport and time nested within rest period, while random effects included animal and pen. Greater shrink (P < 0.01) was observed in C than N calves after the initial 20-h transport. The N calves had greater (P < 0.01) ADG than C calves between L1 and d 5, while C had greater (P < 0.01) ADG than N calves between 14 and 28 d. L-lactate concentrations and flight speed were greater (P ≤ 0.05) in C than N calves between L1 and d 5. The R8-T4 calves had greater (P < 0.01) ADG than R8-T15 calves between L1 and d 5. The R0-T4 calves had greater (P = 0.02) L-lactate concentrations than R0-T15 and R8-T4 calves on d 1. The R0 calves had greater (P < 0.01) ADG than R8 calves between 14 and 28 d. Preliminary results show physiological, behavioral, and performance differences across treatments, however, additional indicators are required to accurately assess the effect of conditioning, rest, and post-rest transport durations on calf welfare.

Effect of forage maize harvested at different stages of maturity on feed intake and performance by growing beef cattle

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 148-148
Author(s):  
E.M. Browne ◽  
M.J. Bryant ◽  
D.E. Beever ◽  
C.L. Thorp
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Forage Maize ◽  
Maize Variety ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
And Performance

Dry matter (DM) concentration of maize silage is directly related to maturity of the crop at harvest and widely reported to be positively correlated with total forage DM intake. The objective of this experiment was to investigate these effects using a late maturing beef genotype and a contemporary forage maize variety.Forage maize (variety Hudson) was harvested at four different stages of maturity during September and October 1996. Each stage of maturity was ensiled in a separate clamp with no additive. Resultant silage corrected dry matter contents were 247 (L), 305 (M/L), 331(M/H) and 388 (H)g/kgFW, respectively. Each diet was formulated to be isonitrogenous with fishmeal fed twice daily on top of the silage. Silage was offered ad libitum to 32 growing Simmental X Friesian heifers (mean initial weight 217kg), housed in individual pens in an open-sided Dutch barn and bedded on wheat straw. Eight animals were allocated to each treatment, in a completely randomised design with pre-treatment intake (non-experimental maize silage) used as a covariate in the statistical analysis.

scholarly journals Selection of a suitable definition of environment for the estimation of genotype × environment interaction in the weaning weight of beef cattle

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 407-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Vostrý ◽  
J. Přibyl ◽  
V. Jakubec ◽  
Z. Veselá ◽  
I. Majzlík
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Residual Variance ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
And Performance

Genotype by environment interactions for weaning weight in beef cattle were tested using several definitions of environments. Four breeds of beef cattle (Hereford, Aberdeen Angus, Beef Simmental, and Charolais) were represented. The environments were defined according to five criteria: altitude, production areas, economic value of the land, less favourable areas, and performance levels of a breed within herds. Ten mixed models were compared including the effects of direct and maternal genetics, herd-year-season, maternal permanent environmental, breed, environment, genotype × environment interaction, sex of calf, and age of dam. The suitability of the models was tested by Akaike’s Information Criterion, likelihood ratio test, and magnitude of the residual variance. The most suitable definitions of environment were less favoured areas and herd levels of performance. Estimates of direct heritability ranged from 0.07 to 0.19. Genotype × environment interactions should be included in a genetic evaluation model for interbreed comparisons of beef cattle in the Czech Republic.

Forage management and concentrate supplementation effects on performance of beef calves

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (8) ◽  
pp. 1399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joao M. B. Vendramini ◽  
Philipe Moriel
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Creep Feeding ◽  
Beef Calves ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Metabolic Imprinting ◽  
Beef Cattle Production ◽  
And Performance

Proper grazing management is the most effective practice to provide adequate forage quantity and quality to cow–calf systems, and optimise beef-calf performance in tropical and subtropical regions. Supplementation of beef calves is not a commonly used management practice in beef-cattle production, primarily because calves can benefit from the cow’s milk production to offset some limitations in forage quantity and quality. Creep-feeding and supplementation of early weaned calves are the two main strategies to supplement beef calves. Creep-feeding can be used to overcome limited herbage allowance, improve calves uniformity, supply extra nutrients for calves, provide adaptation to concentrate diets before weaning, and increase weaning weight. Early weaning is an effective management practice to increase the likelihood of re-breeding of first-calf beef heifers in the south-eastern USA; however, it was observed that concentrate supplementation is necessary for early weaned calves to achieve desirable levels of gain on pasture in tropical and subtropical regions. In addition, concentrate supplementation during early stages of a calf life may permanently change calf development and performance in a process called ‘metabolic imprinting’. The metabolic imprinting concept in production agriculture is in the early stages of knowledge and further research should elucidate the benefits of this management practice in beef-cattle production.

The effect of grass and maize silage quality on diet digestibility and performance of beef cattle

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 10-10
Author(s):  
R.M. Kirkland ◽  
D.C. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Silage Quality ◽  
And Performance

A preliminary study at this Institute indicated that inclusion of high quality maize silage in a grass silage-based diet could promote higher forage intakes in beef cattle, but the response to inclusion of maize silage was affected by the quality of grass silage. The objective of this study was to further examine the effects of grass (GS) and maize (MS) silage qualities on intake characteristics, and to evaluate the influence of forage offered on animal performance.

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