When the Marae Moves into the City: Being Māori in Urban Palmerston North

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1189-1208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pita King ◽  
Darrin Hodgetts ◽  
Mohi Rua ◽  
Mandy Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Indigenous Groups ◽  
Settler Societies ◽  
Settler Society ◽  
The City ◽  
Ways Of Being

Through processes of colonization, many indigenous peoples have become absorbed into settler societies and new ways of existing within urban environments. Settler society economic, legal, and social structures have facilitated this absorption by recasting indigenous selves in ways that reflect the cultural values of settler populations. Urban enclaves populated and textured by indigenous groups such as Māori (indigenous people of New Zealand) can be approached as sites of existential resistance to the imposition of colonial ways of seeing and understanding the self. In maintaining everyday social practices and ways–of–being that traverse rural and urban locales, Māori preserve and reproduce cultural selves in ways that make aspects of cityscapes more homely for Māori ways–of–being. This article brings issues of place and being to the fore by investigating Māori reassemblage of cultural selves within a low SES urban environment as an ongoing resistance to colonial absorption.

scholarly journals Autochthony Belief and Making Amends to Indigenous Peoples: The Role of Collective Moral Emotions

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-80
Author(s):  
Wybren Nooitgedagt ◽  
Borja Martinović ◽  
Maykel Verkuyten ◽  
Jolanda Jetten
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Moral Emotions ◽  
Collective Guilt ◽  
General Belief ◽  
Topic Avoidance ◽  
Important Principle ◽  
Indigenous Groups ◽  
Settler Societies ◽  
First Arrival

AbstractIntergroup relations in settler societies have been defined by historical conflict over territorial ownership between indigenous peoples and settler majorities. However, the indigenous groups were there first, and first arrival is an important principle for assigning ownership to a group. In two studies among Australians of Anglo-Celtic origin (N = 322 and N = 475), we argued and found that the general belief in entitlements for first comers (i.e. autochthony) is related to more support for reparations in terms of apology and instrumental compensation for Aborigines, as well as to less topic avoidance. We further proposed that the group-based emotions of collective guilt, moral shame and image shame account for these associations. We found that majority members who endorsed autochthony belief experienced more guilt (Study 1 and 2), moral shame (Study2) and image shame (Study 2). In turn, guilt and moral shame were related to more support for reparations and less topic avoidance, whereas image shame was related to more topic avoidance, thereby partially suppressing the negative association between autochthony belief and topic avoidance. Our research points at the importance of considering autochthony belief and different types of moral emotions in research on past transgressions and current attempts to restore social justice for indigenous peoples.

scholarly journals Internalisasi Nilai Pendidikan Karakter Pada Masyarakat Adat Kampung Pulo Dalam Pembelajaran Nilai-Nilai Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
M Tajudin Zuhri ◽  
Ani Maliani
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Indigenous Community ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
West Java ◽  
Community Environment ◽  
Indigenous Groups ◽  
The Times

The culture that is found in some indigenous peoples in Indonesia contains a lot of national cultural values which are still strong. But culture in the form of local wisdom values is often ignored, because it is not considered in accordance with the times. In fact, local wisdom can be used as a model in the development of Indonesian culture and organization values learning. In this context that research is carried out to see how indigenous peoples as minority groups internalize their cultural values into cohesive values and reflect in strong character. Indigenous peoples who are in Kampung Pulo, Desa Cangkuang, Kecamatan Leles, Kabupaten Garut, West Java Province, are indigenous groups who continue to internalize and preserve traditional values into the character of their citizens. This type of research uses a qualitative approach with ethnographic types, namely research conducted in a particular indigenous community environment. As for the objectives to be achieved in this study is to briefly describe the internalization of cultural values of indigenous villages that can be promoted as the basis for forming the character of the Indonesian Nation and organization valuesinternalization Based on an analysis of various facts that are related to the kampong pulo, then it can be concluded that the community of kampong pulo is a traditional village that still exists to uphold the traditions that have been inherited from their ancestors. This is because they still have customary rules that are adhered. ABSTRAKKebudayaan yang terdapat pada beberapa masyarakat adat di Indonesia banyak mengandung nilai luhur budaya bangsa yang masih kuat, namun kebudayaan yang berbentuk nilai kearifan lokal sering kali diabaikan, karena dianggap tidak sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman. Padahal dari kearifan lokal tersebut bisa dijadikan model dalam pengembangan budaya bangsa Indonesia khususnya pembelajarannilai-nilai organisasi. Dalam konteks inilah penelitian dilaksanakan untuk melihat bagaimana masyarakat adat sebagai kelompok minoritas menginternalisasi nilai-nilai budayanya menjadi nilai yang kohesif dan merefleksi dalam karakter yang kuat. Masyarakat adat yang berada di Kampung Pulo Desa Cangkuang KecamatanLeles Kabupaten Garut Provinsi Jawa Barat, merupakan kelompok masyarakat adat yang tetap menginternalisasi dan melestarikan nilai-nilai tradisi menjadi karakter warga masyarakatnya. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis etnografi yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan di lingkungan masyarakat adat tertentu. Adapun tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan secara singkat internalisasi nilai budaya dari masyarakat kampung adat yang bisa dipromosikan sebagai basis pembentuk karakter Bangsa Indonesia dan internalisasi nilai-nilai organisasi. Berdasarkan analisis dari berbagai fakta yang ada kaitannya dengan kampung Pulo, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa masyarakat kampung Pulo merupakan kampung adat yang sampai saat ini masih eksis  memegang teguh tradisi yang telah diwariskan leluhurnya. Hal ini disebabkan karena mereka masih memiliki aturan adat yang dipegang teguh.

scholarly journals Soziolinguistische Perspektiven auf Praktiken des Semiotic Landscaping in Zeiten der Coronavirus-Pandemie.

2021 ◽  
Vol 110 (5) ◽  
pp. 259-292
Author(s):  
Gertrud Reershemius ◽  
Evelyn Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Rural Environment ◽  
Northern Germany ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Private Homes ◽  
The City

The Covid-19 pandemic has left an impact on the semiotic landscapes of both rural and urban environments. The present study analyses two corpora of signs which emerged as a direct result of the pandemic in the rural environment of Krummhörn, a municipality in northern Germany, and in the city of Essen (Ruhr Metropolis) between March and July 2020. In addition to regulatory and informative signage, the data revealed a high proportion of affective signs which were displayed mainly by individuals around private homes, intended as boosters of collective moral in times of crisis. The analysis shows that slightly different semiotic strategies were applied when comparing a rural with an urban environment.

scholarly journals Imagining American Indians and Community in Southeast Asia

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Yancey Orr ◽  
Raymond Orr
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Indigenous Groups ◽  
Colonial Experience ◽  
Settler Societies ◽  
Settler Society

Although geographically distant, the histories of Indigenous North America and Southeast Asia contain a series of parallels in colonial experience. This article traces these historical similarities between these two geographic regions in colonial and counter-colonial movements. It then focuses on American Indians and Indigenous communities in the Philippines and Indonesia perceptions of one another, recorded during fieldwork by the authors in Southeast Asia and the U.S. Additionally, it elaborates on the similarities between these two groups in expressions of solidarity and sympathy as parts of settler-societies. Beyond views of dispossession, these communities placed importance on one another’s environmental stewardship, retention of community in the context of a “modernising” settler society, and government-to-government relationships that are often eclipsed by settler societies who perceive Indigenous populations as racial minorities rather than self-determined polities. This analysis provides a greater understanding of how Indigenous groups in North America and Southeast Asia understand each other’s experiences.

Minimetrò in Perugia as leverage for urban regeneration

TERRITORIO ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 148-163
Author(s):  
Luca Fondacci
Keyword(s):  
Urban Regeneration ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Peripheral Area ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Historical Centre

In the 1970s, the fragile historical centre of the city of Perugia was a key area where the binomial of sustainable mobility and urban regeneration was developed and applied. At the turn of the xxi century, the low carbon automatic people-mover Minimetrò broadened that application from the city's historical centre to the outskirts, promoting the enhancement of several urban environments. This paper is the outcome of an investigation of original sources, field surveys and direct interviews, which addresses the Minimetrò as the backbone of a wide regeneration process which has had a considerable impact on the economic development of a peripheral area of the city which was previously devoid of any clear urban sense. The conclusion proposes some solutions to improve the nature of the Minimetrò as an experimental alternative means of transport.

scholarly journals Changes in Water Quality of the River das Antas as It Passes through Rural and Urban Areas

Urban Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Valdemir Antoneli ◽  
Manuel Pulido-Fernández ◽  
João Anésio Bednarz ◽  
Leonardo Brandes ◽  
Michael Vrahnakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Feasible Option ◽  
Decreasing Ph ◽  
The City

The catchment area of River das Antas (Irati, Paraná, Brazil) is of high importance both for human consumption and irrigation. Within Irati, this river passes through a rural area and through the city of Irati, crossing both poor and rich neighbourhoods. We selected three study areas downstream (a rural area, poor community, and rich neighbourhood) in which we measured turbidity, the concentration of sediments and pH during rainy days. Our results showed downstream trends of increasing turbidity and concentrations of sediments with decreasing pH. The values of turbidity and of concentration of sediments were significantly different in the rural area, while the pH values were significantly different between the three study areas. These findings highlight the effect of agricultural activities in the generation of sediments and turbidity. The—presumably expected—effects of organic urban waste from the poor neighbourhood were also detected in the pH values. We conclude that efforts should be made to ensure that land planning and training/education programmes on sustainable farming practices are undertaken by the authorities to reduce water pollution and its effects on water bodies during rainfall events, since paving streets is not a feasible option in the short term due to the high costs associated with this measure.

Virtue, Shame, and Choice: Perspectives of Sex Work Among Adolescents in Variously Globalized Thai Communities

2021 ◽  
pp. 002202212110323
Author(s):  
Jessica McKenzie ◽  
José J. Reyes ◽  
Kajai C. Xiong ◽  
Alysia Corona ◽  
Chelsee Armsworthy
Keyword(s):  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Sex Work ◽  
Urban Adolescents ◽  
Rural Adolescents ◽  
Personal Choice ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
International Reputation ◽  
Sexual Conservatism ◽  
Global Values

Although taboo given the traditional Thai value of female sexual conservatism, sex work is a practice for which Thailand has gained international attention. As in other rapidly globalizing contexts, however, Thai youth are increasingly exposed to global values of gender equality, self-fulfillment, and personal choice. This may, in turn, alter youth perspectives of this taboo yet pervasive practice. To understand how Thai youth negotiate local and global values when considering sex work, this study examined the moral evaluations and moral reasoning of adolescents residing in variously globalized communities. Forty participants (20 adolescents in each a more and a less globalized Thai setting) participated in interviews in which they discussed their perspectives of sex work. Quantitative analysis of moral evaluations revealed that rural and urban adolescents alike deemed sex work as mostly morally wrong. Qualitative analysis of moral reasoning revealed that both participant groups prioritized Thai values of sexual purity for women, shame avoidance, and reputation maintenance. Yet distinct values were also endorsed across participant groups. Rural adolescents centered local values (e.g., relational choice, women’s dignity, Buddhist divinity) and urban adolescents drew heavily from global values (e.g., autonomous choice, romantic love, international reputation) when reasoning about the morality and immorality of sex work. Findings point to the manner in which contextual realities shape—and reshape—cultural values in this rapidly globalizing nation.

scholarly journals Facilitating fine-grained intra-urban dengue forecasting by integrating urban environments measured from street-view images

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Liu ◽  
Ling Yin ◽  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Min Kang ◽  
Ai-Ping Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Feature Vector ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Environmental Feature ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Environmental Features ◽  
Street View ◽  
The City ◽  
Dengue Epidemic

Abstract Background Dengue fever (DF) is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that has threatened tropical and subtropical regions in recent decades. An early and targeted warning of a dengue epidemic is important for vector control. Current studies have primarily determined weather conditions to be the main factor for dengue forecasting, thereby neglecting that environmental suitability for mosquito breeding is also an important factor, especially in fine-grained intra-urban settings. Considering that street-view images are promising for depicting physical environments, this study proposes a framework for facilitating fine-grained intra-urban dengue forecasting by integrating the urban environments measured from street-view images. Methods The dengue epidemic that occurred in 167 townships of Guangzhou City, China, between 2015 and 2019 was taken as a study case. First, feature vectors of street-view images acquired inside each township were extracted by a pre-trained convolutional neural network, and then aggregated as an environmental feature vector of the township. Thus, townships with similar physical settings would exhibit similar environmental features. Second, the environmental feature vector is combined with commonly used features (e.g., temperature, rainfall, and past case count) as inputs to machine-learning models for weekly dengue forecasting. Results The performance of machine-learning forecasting models (i.e., MLP and SVM) integrated with and without environmental features were compared. This indicates that models integrating environmental features can identify high-risk urban units across the city more precisely than those using common features alone. In addition, the top 30% of high-risk townships predicted by our proposed methods can capture approximately 50–60% of dengue cases across the city. Conclusions Incorporating local environments measured from street view images is effective in facilitating fine-grained intra-urban dengue forecasting, which is beneficial for conducting spatially precise dengue prevention and control.

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota Dynamics in Natural Populations of Pintomyia evansi under Experimental Infection with Leishmania infantum

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1214
Author(s):  
Rafael José Vivero ◽  
Victor Alfonso Castañeda-Monsalve ◽  
Luis Roberto Romero ◽  
Gregory D. Hurst ◽  
Gloria Cadavid-Restrepo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Leishmania Infantum ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
High Load ◽  
Leishmania Infection ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Negative Effect

Pintomyia evansi is recognized by its vectorial competence in the transmission of parasites that cause fatal visceral leishmaniasis in rural and urban environments of the Caribbean coast of Colombia. The effect on and the variation of the gut microbiota in female P. evansi infected with Leishmania infantum were evaluated under experimental conditions using 16S rRNA Illumina MiSeq sequencing. In the coinfection assay with L. infantum, 96.8% of the midgut microbial population was composed mainly of Proteobacteria (71.0%), followed by Cyanobacteria (20.4%), Actinobacteria (2.7%), and Firmicutes (2.7%). In insect controls (uninfected with L. infantum) that were treated or not with antibiotics, Ralstonia was reported to have high relative abundance (55.1–64.8%), in contrast to guts with a high load of infection from L. infantum (23.4–35.9%). ASVs that moderately increased in guts infected with Leishmania were Bacillus and Aeromonas. Kruskal–Wallis nonparametric variance statistical inference showed statistically significant intergroup differences in the guts of P. evansi infected and uninfected with L. infantum (p < 0.05), suggesting that some individuals of the microbiota could induce or restrict Leishmania infection. This assay also showed a negative effect of the antibiotic treatment and L. infantum infection on the gut microbiota diversity. Endosymbionts, such as Microsporidia infections (<2%), were more often associated with guts without Leishmania infection, whereas Arsenophonus was only found in guts with a high load of Leishmania infection and treated with antibiotics. Finally, this is the first report that showed the potential role of intestinal microbiota in natural populations of P. evansi in susceptibility to L. infantum infection.

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