scholarly journals Impact of livestock guardian dogs on livestock predation in rural Mongolia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoë Lieb ◽  
Batbaatar Tumurbaatar ◽  
Bruce Elfström ◽  
Joe Bull
Keyword(s):  
Livestock Predation

scholarly journals Widespread detection of antibodies to Leptospira in feral swine in the United States

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (10) ◽  
pp. 2131-2136 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. PEDERSEN ◽  
K. L. PABILONIA ◽  
T. D. ANDERSON ◽  
S. N. BEVINS ◽  
C. R. HICKS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Geographical Range ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Feral Swine ◽  
Livestock Predation

SUMMARYAs feral swine continue to expand their geographical range and distribution across the United States, their involvement in crop damage, livestock predation, and pathogen transmission is likely to increase. Despite the relatively recent discovery of feral swine involvement in the aetiology of a variety of pathogens, their propensity to transmit and carry a wide variety of pathogens is disconcerting. We examined sera from 2055 feral swine for antibody presence to six serovars of Leptospira that can also infect humans, livestock or domestic animals. About 13% of all samples tested positive for at least one serovar, suggesting that Leptospira infection is common in feral swine. Further studies to identify the proportion of actively infected animals are needed to more fully understand the risk they pose.

scholarly journals Snow Leopard Dietary Preferences and Livestock Predation Revealed by Fecal DNA Metabarcoding: No Evidence for Apparent Competition Between Wild and Domestic Prey

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Lu ◽  
Lingyun Xiao ◽  
Chen Cheng ◽  
Zhi Lu ◽  
Jindong Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Apparent Competition ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Snow Leopard ◽  
Livestock Predation ◽  
Prey Preferences ◽  
Livestock Density ◽  
Dna Metabarcoding ◽  
Snow Leopards

Accurate assessments of the patterns and drivers of livestock depredation by wild carnivores are vital for designing effective mitigation strategies to reduce human-wildlife conflict. Snow leopard’s (Panthera uncia) range extensively overlaps pastoralist land-use and livestock predation there is widely reported, but the ecological determinants of livestock consumption by snow leopards remain obscure. We investigated snow leopard dietary habits at seven sites across the Sanjiangyuan region of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP), an area central to the species’ global range. Snow leopard abundance, wild prey composition, and livestock density varied among those sites, thus allowing us to test the effects of various factors on snow leopard diet and livestock predation. Using DNA metabarcoding, we obtained highly resolved dietary data from 351 genetically verified snow leopard fecal samples. We then analyzed the prey preferences of snow leopards and examined ecological factors related to their livestock consumption. Across the sites, snow leopard prey was composed mainly of wild ungulates (mean = 81.5% of dietary sequences), particularly bharal (Pseudois nayaur), and supplemented with livestock (7.62%) and smaller mammals (marmots, pikas, mice; 10.7%). Snow leopards showed a strong preference for bharal, relative to livestock, based on their densities. Interestingly, both proportional and total livestock consumption by snow leopards increased linearly with local livestock biomass, but not with livestock density. That, together with a slight negative relationship with bharal density, supports apparent facilitation between wild and domestic prey. We also found a significant positive correlation between population densities of snow leopard and bharal, yet those densities showed slight negative relationships with livestock density. Our results highlight the importance of sufficient wild ungulate abundance to the conservation of viable snow leopard populations. Additionally, livestock protection is critically needed to reduce losses to snow leopard depredation, especially where local livestock abundances are high.

An insight into the prey spectra and livestock predation by cheetahs in Kenya using faecal DNA metabarcoding

Zoology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 125853
Author(s):  
David Thuo ◽  
Femke Broekhuis ◽  
Elise Furlan ◽  
Laura D. Bertola ◽  
Joseph Kamau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Faecal Dna ◽  
Livestock Predation ◽  
Dna Metabarcoding ◽  
Insight Into

scholarly journals A transboundary study of spatiotemporal patterns of livestock predation and prey preferences by snow leopard and wolf in the Pamir

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. e00719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaffar Ud Din ◽  
Muhammad Ali Nawaz ◽  
Tahir Mehmood ◽  
Hussain Ali ◽  
Aziz Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatiotemporal Patterns ◽  
Snow Leopard ◽  
Livestock Predation ◽  
Prey Preferences

scholarly journals Artificial eyespots on cattle reduce predation by large carnivores

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron Radford ◽  
John Weldon McNutt ◽  
Tracey Rogers ◽  
Ben Maslen ◽  
Neil Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Predation Risk ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Human Behaviour ◽  
Large Carnivores ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Livestock Predation ◽  
Mammalian Predators ◽  
First Time ◽  
All Treatment ◽  
Predator Signals

AbstractEyespots evolved independently in many taxa as anti-predator signals. There remains debate regarding whether eyespots function as diversion targets, predator mimics, conspicuous startling signals, deceptive detection, or a combination. Although eye patterns and gaze modify human behaviour, anti-predator eyespots do not occur naturally in contemporary mammals. Here we show that eyespots painted on cattle rumps were associated with reduced attacks by ambush carnivores (lions and leopards). Cattle painted with eyespots were significantly more likely to survive than were cross-marked and unmarked cattle, despite all treatment groups being similarly exposed to predation risk. While higher survival of eyespot-painted cattle supports the detection hypothesis, increased survival of cross-marked cattle suggests an effect of novel and conspicuous marks more generally. To our knowledge, this is the first time eyespots have been shown to deter large mammalian predators. Applying artificial marks to high-value livestock may therefore represent a cost-effective tool to reduce livestock predation.

Roaming Dogs

2015 ◽  
pp. 112-134
Author(s):  
Arnold Arluke ◽  
Kate Atema
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Population Management ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Community Impact ◽  
Disadvantaged Communities ◽  
Livestock Predation

This chapter describes an original and much-needed approach to understanding worldwide efforts among disadvantaged communities to deal with roaming and unhealthy dogs. Rather than focus on the ways these efforts impact dogs and public health, as is typical of such interventions, we explore how people, too, are socially, psychologically, and economically affected by the dogs. More specifically, we examine the community impact that roaming or unhealthy dog populations can have, including negative or indifferent human-canine interactions; decreased quality of life because of dog nuisances, lack of safety, and disturbing encounters with injured, dead, or suffering dogs; weakened or fractured social ties; and economic losses from reduced tourism, livestock predation, and disease management. Lastly, we review how dog population management can have residual communitywide impact.

Livestock predation in the Bale Mountains, Ethiopia

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1076-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anagaw Atickem ◽  
Stuart Williams ◽  
Afework Bekele ◽  
Simon Thirgood
Keyword(s):  
Livestock Predation

scholarly journals Human–wildlife interactions and attitudes towards wildlife and wildlife reserves in Rajasthan, India

Oryx ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krithi K. Karanth ◽  
Shivangi Jain ◽  
Erika Weinthal
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Livestock Predation ◽  
History Of ◽  
People’S Attitudes ◽  
Years Of Schooling

AbstractHuman–wildlife interactions affect people's livelihoods, attitudes and tolerance towards wildlife and wildlife reserves. To investigate the effect of such interactions on people's attitudes and livelihoods, we surveyed 2,233 households located around four wildlife reserves in Rajasthan, India. We modelled respondents’ attitudes towards wildlife and wildlife reserves, experience of crop damage and livestock predation, and likelihood of mitigation use. Crop damage was reported by 76% of surveyed households, and livestock predation was reported by 15%. Seventy-one percent of households used at least one of eight mitigation measures against crop damage, and 19% used at least one of seven mitigation measures against livestock predation. We found that male respondents and households with a higher level of education valued wildlife and wildlife reserves more. Households at higher elevations and growing a greater variety of crops were more prone to crop damage. Proximity to reserves, elevation and larger livestock herds were associated with a higher incidence of livestock predation. Households in which a member had > 12 years of schooling and households with a history (6–10 years) of interaction with wildlife (i.e. crop damage) were most likely to use mitigation against crop damage. Households that owned more livestock and had a history of interaction (1–5 years and > 10 years) were most likely to mitigate against predation. Our comparative study provides insights into factors that influence interaction and tolerance, which could be used to improve existing management and prevention efforts in Rajasthan.

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