Mental disorders and harmful substance use in children of substance abusing parents: A longitudinal register-based study on a complete birth cohort born in 1991

Background. We examined correlates of past year suicidal thoughts and behavior (STB) and described past year treatment experiences among young people who inject drugs (PWID). Methods. Participants were 570 adults (18-25 years) who injected primarily heroin. Interviews were conducted at field stations operated by Community Outreach Intervention Projects in Chicago, Illinois (USA). Interviewers administered the Psychiatric Research Instrument for Substance and Mental Disorders. Substance use and mental disorders were based on DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. Past year STB was based on multiple questions. Results. Sixteen percent of men and 25% of women reported STB in the past year. In multivariable analysis, STB was associated with non-heterosexual orientation, foster care, and being raised by two parents. Primary major depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, other anxiety disorders, and borderline personality disorder had independent effects on suicidality. Among those reporting past year STB (n=111), 83% ever received mental health treatment, while 44% did so in the past year. While 24% of respondents indicated that at least one treatment matched their needs very well, 30% reported treatment that did not match their needs at all. The most common reason for ending treatment was program completion (about 50%) while getting better was endorsed by about 25%. Nearly half reported ending treatment due to a bad experience, logistical issues, or expense. Conclusions. Young PWID are at high risk for suicidal behavior and their mental health treatment experiences often do not meet their needs. There is a pressing need for more integrated substance use and mental health treatment.

Download Full-text

Diagnoses, Dimensions, and DSM-5

The Oxford Handbook of Clinical Psychology ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195366884.013.0013 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 254-279

Author(s):

Thomas A. Widiger ◽

Maryanne Edmundson

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Paradigm Shift ◽

Empirical Support ◽

Statistical Manual ◽

Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽

Dsm 5 ◽

Dimensional Classification ◽

Diagnosis And Classification

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition (DSM-III) is often said to have provided a significant paradigm shift in how psychopathology is diagnosed. The authors of DSM-5 have the empirical support and the opportunity to lead the field of psychiatry to a comparably bold new future in diagnosis and classification. The purpose of this chapter is to address the validity of the categorical and dimensional models for the classification and diagnosis of psychopathology. Considered in particular will be research concerning substance use disorders, mood disorders, and personality disorders. Limitations and concerns with respect to a dimensional classification of psychopathology are also considered. The chapter concludes with a recommendation for a conversion to a more quantitative, dimensional classification of psychopathology.

Download Full-text

Common Mental Disorders and Substance Use in School Children of Eastern Nepal

Journal of Psychiatrists Association of Nepal ◽

10.3126/jpan.v8i1.26331 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 17-21

Author(s):

P Sharma ◽

N Thakur ◽

S Sharma ◽

M Pokharel

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Substance Use ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Common Mental Disorders ◽

School Mental Health ◽

Prevalence Studies ◽

Common Mental Health Problems ◽

Current Scenario ◽

History Of

Introduction: School mental health is one of the important areas where early detection can lead to appropriate early intervention and burden of disease can be minimized. There is dearth of prevalence studies of common mental disorders on school going adolescents in Nepal. Considering this we aimed to study the prevalence of common mental health problems and substance use in school going adolescents. Material And Method: We evaluated 240 students for common mental disorders (depression and anxiety) using translated version of PHQ-4 and substance use single validated question after taking consent from school authorities and assent from students. Results: It was seen that 68.8 % students had psychological distress. 22.9 % and 27.5% of students had anxiety and depression respectively on screener and 23.3% students had use of substance at least once within a year. When compared male had significantly higher number of substance use as compared to female but no difference in PHQ-4 scores were seen when compared between gender and history of substance use. Conclusion: The study shows the current scenario of school going adolescents in Nepal and highlights the need of prevalence data on more generalizable setting.

Download Full-text

Increasing program capability to provide treatment for co-occurring substance use and mental disorders: Organizational characteristics

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment ◽

10.1016/j.jsat.2009.07.005 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 160-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Heather J. Gotham ◽

Ronald E. Claus ◽

Kim Selig ◽

Andrew L. Homer

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Organizational Characteristics

Download Full-text

Adolescent cannabis use, baseline prodromal symptoms and the risk of psychosis

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.2017.52 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 212 (4) ◽

pp. 227-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Antti Mustonen ◽

Solja Niemelä ◽

Tanja Nordström ◽

Graham K. Murray ◽

Pirjo Mäki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

General Population ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Psychotic Disorders ◽

Temporal Order ◽

Population Based ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Prodromal Symptoms ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Icd 10

BackgroundThe association between cannabis use and the risk of psychosis has been studied extensively but the temporal order still remains controversial.AimsTo examine the association between cannabis use in adolescence and the risk of psychosis after adjustment for prodromal symptoms and other potential confounders.MethodThe sample (n = 6534) was composed of the prospective general population-based Northern Finland Birth Cohort of 1986. Information on prodromal symptoms of psychosis and cannabis use was collected using questionnaires at age 15–16 years. Participants were followed up for ICD-10 psychotic disorders until age 30 years using nationwide registers.ResultsThe risk of psychosis was elevated in individuals who had tried cannabis five times or more (hazard ratio, (HR) = 6.5, 95% CI 3.0–13.9). The association remained statistically significant even when adjusted for prodromal symptoms, other substance use and parental psychosis (HR = 3.0, 95% CI 1.1–8.0).ConclusionsAdolescent cannabis use is associated with increased risk of psychosis even after adjustment for baseline prodromal symptoms, parental psychosis and other substance use.Declaration of interestNone.

Download Full-text