scholarly journals Conflict monitoring and attentional adjustment during binocular rivalry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Drew ◽  
Mireia Torralba ◽  
Manuela Ruzzoli ◽  
Luis Morís Fernández ◽  
Alba Sabaté ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binocular Rivalry ◽  
Conflict Monitoring

scholarly journals Neural evidence of cognitive conflict during binocular rivalry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Drew ◽  
Mireia Torralba ◽  
Manuela Ruzzoli ◽  
Luis Morís Fernández ◽  
Alba Sabaté ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binocular Rivalry ◽  
Conscious Experience ◽  
Cognitive Conflict ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
List Type ◽  
Conflict Monitoring ◽  
Perceptual Awareness ◽  
Perceptual Inference ◽  
Neural Excitability ◽  
Theta Power

AbstractTo make sense of ambiguous and, at times, incomplete sensory input, the brain relies on a process of active interpretation. At any given moment, only one of several possible perceptual outcomes prevails in our conscious experience. Our hypothesis is that the competition between alternative representations induces cognitive conflict, eventually leading to fluctuations between different perceptual interpretations. We used binocular rivalry, a popular protocol to probe changes in perceptual awareness [1–3] and drew on the conflict monitoring theory, which holds that cognitive control is invoked by the detection of conflict during information processing. We looked for an increase in power of fronto-medial theta oscillations (5-7 Hz), an established EEG marker of conflict detection [4–7]. Our results show that fm-theta power increases right before perceptual alternations and decreases thereafter, suggesting that conflict monitoring is related to perceptual competition. Furthermore, to investigate conflict resolution via attentional engagement, as held by the conflict monitoring theory [8], we also looked for changes in parieto-occipital alpha oscillations (8-12 Hz) associated to perceptual switches. These oscillations have been associated to attention allocation via functional inhibition in sensory cortices [9–12]. The power of parieto-occipital alpha was inversely related to that of fm-theta, reflecting periods of high inter-ocular inhibition during stable perception, and low inhibition around moments of perceptual change. Our findings validate a prediction made 20 years ago in the seminal paper formulating the conflict monitoring theory, and establish a previously unknown link between conflict mechanisms and the processes leading to perceptual awareness.HighlightsBinocular rivalry induces conflict between competing perceptual representationsMid-frontal theta power increases around the resolution of perceptual conflictPosterior alpha decreases reflect neural excitability around perceptual switchesThe results link cognitive conflict theory with perceptual inference

Conflict Monitoring Across the Life Span

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Czernochowski
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Conflict Detection ◽  
Response Conflict ◽  
Conflict Monitoring ◽  
Subsequent Performance ◽  
Additional Control ◽  
Performance Response ◽  
Conflict Detection And Resolution

Errors can play a major role for optimizing subsequent performance: Response conflict associated with (near) errors signals the need to recruit additional control resources to minimize future conflict. However, so far it remains open whether children and older adults also adjust their performance as a function of preceding response conflict. To examine the life span development of conflict detection and resolution, response conflict was elicited during a task-switching paradigm. Electrophysiological correlates of conflict detection for correct and incorrect responses and behavioral indices of post-error adjustments were assessed while participants in four age groups were asked to focus on either speed or accuracy. Despite difficulties in resolving response conflict, the ability to detect response conflict as indexed by the Ne/ERN component was expected to mature early and be preserved in older adults. As predicted, reliable Ne/ERN peaks were detected across age groups. However, only for adults Ne/ERN amplitudes associated with errors were larger compared to Nc/CRN amplitudes for correct trials under accuracy instructions, suggesting an ongoing maturation in the ability to differentiate levels of response conflict. Behavioral interference costs were considerable in both children and older adults. Performance for children and older adults deteriorated rather than improved following errors, in line with intact conflict detection, but impaired conflict resolution. Thus, participants in all age groups were able to detect response conflict, but only young adults successfully avoided subsequent conflict by up-regulating control.

No impact of affective person knowledge on visual awareness: Evidence from binocular rivalry and continuous flash suppression.

Emotion ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 1199-1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Stein ◽  
Caitlyn Grubb ◽  
Maria Bertrand ◽  
Seh Min Suh ◽  
Sara C. Verosky
Keyword(s):  
Binocular Rivalry ◽  
Visual Awareness ◽  
Continuous Flash Suppression

Stochastic stability of a neural model for binocular rivalry

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 739-742
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Shimokawa ◽  
Kenji Leibnitz ◽  
Ferdinand Peper
Keyword(s):  
Binocular Rivalry ◽  
Stochastic Stability ◽  
Neural Model

scholarly journals Tagged MEG measures binocular rivalry in a cortical network that predicts alternation rate

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. e0218529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Bock ◽  
Jeremy D. Fesi ◽  
Sylvain Baillet ◽  
Janine D. Mendola
Keyword(s):  
Binocular Rivalry ◽  
Cortical Network ◽  
Alternation Rate

scholarly journals Conscious perception and perceptual echoes: a binocular rivalry study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Canhuang Luo ◽  
Rufin VanRullen ◽  
Andrea Alamia
Keyword(s):  
Binocular Rivalry ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Travelling Wave ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Conscious Perception ◽  
Impulse Response Functions ◽  
Band Frequency ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract Alpha rhythms (∼10Hz) in the human brain are classically associated with idling activities, being predominantly observed during quiet restfulness with closed eyes. However, recent studies demonstrated that alpha (∼10Hz) rhythms can directly relate to visual stimulation, resulting in oscillations, which can last for as long as one second. This alpha reverberation, dubbed perceptual echoes (PE), suggests that the visual system actively samples and processes visual information within the alpha-band frequency. Although PE have been linked to various visual functions, their underlying mechanisms and functional role are not completely understood. In this study, we investigated the relationship between conscious perception and the generation and the amplitude of PE. Specifically, we displayed two coloured Gabor patches with different orientations on opposite sides of the screen, and using a set of dichoptic mirrors, we induced a binocular rivalry between the two stimuli. We asked participants to continuously report which one of two Gabor patches they consciously perceived, while recording their EEG signals. Importantly, the luminance of each patch fluctuated randomly over time, generating random sequences from which we estimated two impulse-response functions (IRFs) reflecting the PE generated by the perceived (dominant) and non-perceived (suppressed) stimulus, respectively. We found that the alpha power of the PE generated by the consciously perceived stimulus was comparable with that of the PE generated during monocular vision (control condition) and higher than the PE induced by the suppressed stimulus. Moreover, confirming previous findings, we found that all PEs propagated as a travelling wave from posterior to frontal brain regions, irrespective of conscious perception. All in all our results demonstrate a correlation between conscious perception and PE, suggesting that the synchronization of neural activity plays an important role in visual sampling and conscious perception.

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