Climate change impacts plant carbon balance, increasing mean future carbon use efficiency but decreasing total forest extent at dry range edges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin M. Mathias ◽  
Anna T. Trugman
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Carbon Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals Agricultural groundwater management in the Upper Bhima Basin, India: current status and future scenarios

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 507-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Surinaidu ◽  
C. G. D. Bacon ◽  
P. Pavelic
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Groundwater Overdraft ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Increasing Demand

Abstract. The basaltic aquifers of the Upper Bhima River basin in southern India are heavily utilized for small-scale agriculture but face increasing demand-related pressures along with uncertainty associated with climate change impacts. To evaluate likely groundwater resource impacts over the coming decades, a regional groundwater flow model for the basin was developed. Model predictions associated with different climate change and abstraction scenarios indicate that the continuation of current rates of abstraction would lead to significant groundwater overdraft, with groundwater elevations predicted to fall by −6 m over the next three decades. Groundwater elevations can however be stabilized, but would require 20–30% of the mean surface water discharge from the basin to be recharged to groundwater, along with reductions in pumping (5–10%) brought about by improved water efficiency practices and/or shifts towards lower-water use crops. Modest reductions in pumping alone cannot stabilize groundwater levels; targeted conjunctive use and improved water use efficiency are also needed.

scholarly journals Growth Respiration, Maintenance Respiration, and Carbon Fixation of Vinca: A Time Series Analysis

2000 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 702-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc W. van Iersel ◽  
Lynne Seymour
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Maintenance Respiration ◽  
Carbon Use Efficiency ◽  
Size Growth ◽  
Growth Respiration ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Traditional Approaches

Respiration is important in the overall carbon balance of plants, and can be separated into growth (Rg) and maintenance respiration (Rm). Estimation of Rg and Rm throughout plant development is difficult with traditional approaches. Here, we describe a new method to determine ontogenic changes in Rg and Rm. The CO2 exchange rate of groups of 28 `Cooler Peppermint' vinca plants [Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don.] was measured at 20 min intervals for 2 weeks. These data were used to calculate daily carbon gain (DCG, a measure of growth rate) and cumulative carbon gain (CCG, a measure of plant size). Growth and maintenance respiration were estimated based on the assumption that they are functions of DCG and CCG, respectively. Results suggested a linear relationship between DCG and Rg. Initially, Rm was three times larger than Rg, but they were similar at the end of the experiment. The decrease in the fraction of total available carbohydrates that was used for Rm resulted in an increase in carbon use efficiency from 0.51 to 0.67 mol·mol-1 during the 2-week period. The glucose requirement of the plants was determined from Rg, DCG, and the carbon fraction of the plant material and estimated to be 1.39 g·g-1, while the maintenance coefficient was estimated to be 0.031 g·g-1·d-1 at the end of the experiment. These results are similar to values reported previously for other species. This suggests that the use of semicontinuous CO2 exchange measurements for estimating Rg and Rm yields reasonable results.

Projecting climate change impacts on rainfed wheat yield, water demand, and water use efficiency in northeast Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 138 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 1361-1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Paymard ◽  
Fatemeh Yaghoubi ◽  
Milad Nouri ◽  
Mohammad Bannayan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Rainfed Wheat ◽  
Northeast Iran

scholarly journals Microbial growth and carbon use efficiency show seasonal responses in a multifactorial climate change experiment

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Simon ◽  
Alberto Canarini ◽  
Victoria Martin ◽  
Joana Séneca ◽  
Theresa Böckle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Microbial Physiology ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Carbon Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Climate Change Drivers

Abstract Microbial growth and carbon use efficiency (CUE) are central to the global carbon cycle, as microbial remains form soil organic matter. We investigated how future global changes may affect soil microbial growth, respiration, and CUE. We aimed to elucidate the soil microbial response to multiple climate change drivers across the growing season and whether effects of multiple global change drivers on soil microbial physiology are additive or interactive. We measured soil microbial growth, CUE, and respiration at three time points in a field experiment combining three levels of temperature and atmospheric CO2, and a summer drought. Here we show that climate change-driven effects on soil microbial physiology are interactive and season-specific, while the coupled response of growth and respiration lead to stable microbial CUE (average CUE = 0.39). These results suggest that future research should focus on microbial growth across different seasons to understand and predict effects of global changes on soil carbon dynamics.

scholarly journals A comparison of soil respiration, carbon balance and root carbon use efficiency in two managed Moso bamboo forests in subtropical China

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolu Tang ◽  
Shaohui Fan ◽  
Lianghua Qi ◽  
Fengying Guan ◽  
Wenhui Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Moso Bamboo ◽  
Subtropical China ◽  
Carbon Use Efficiency ◽  
Root Carbon ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals The effect of nutrient availability on global forest carbon balance is uncertain

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enzai Du
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Gross Primary Production ◽  
Sampling Effect ◽  
Significant Control ◽  
Carbon Use Efficiency ◽  
Ecosystem Carbon ◽  
Ecosystem Production ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Uneven Sampling

To the Editor ? Fern?ndez-Mart?nez et al. 1 show a chief determinant of nutrient availability on net ecosystem production (NEP) and ecosystem carbon-use efficiency (CUEe, the ratio of NEP to gross primary production i.e. GPP) in global forests. However, their conclusions depend on an improper treatment of differences in the GPP range of nutrient-rich and nutrient-poor forests (uneven sampling effect) and outliers. A statistical re-analysis of their datasets, while simultaneously excluding the uneven sampling effect and outliers, indicates no significant control of nutrient availability on carbon (C) balance.

scholarly journals Climate change impacts on growth and carbon ­balance of forests in Central Europe

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Hlásny ◽  
Z Barcza ◽  
M Fabrika ◽  
B Balázs ◽  
G Churkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Climate Change Impacts

scholarly journals Agricultural groundwater management in the Upper Bhima Basin, India: current status and future scenarios

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 10657-10686 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Surinaidu ◽  
C. G. D. Bacon ◽  
P. Pavelic
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Groundwater Overdraft ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Increasing Demand

Abstract. The basaltic aquifers of the Upper Bhima River Basin in Southern India are heavily utilized for small-scale agriculture but face increasing demand-related pressures along with uncertainty associated with climate change impacts. To evaluate likely groundwater resource impacts over the coming decades, a regional groundwater flow model for the basin was developed. Model predictions of different climate change and abstraction scenarios indicate continuation of current rates of abstraction would lead to significant groundwater overdraft, with groundwater elevations predicted to fall by −6 m over the next three decades. Groundwater elevations can however be stabilized, but would require 20–30% of the mean surface water discharge from the basin to be recharged to groundwater, along with reductions in pumping (5–10%) brought about by improved water efficiency practices and/or shifts towards lower-water use crops. Modest reductions in pumping alone cannot stabilize groundwater levels; targeted conjunctive use and improved water use efficiency are also needed.

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