Genetic × environment variation in sheep lines bred for divergent resistance to strongyle infection

ABSTRACT Here, we report the isolation of 31 Acinetobacter baumannii strains producing OXA-253 in a single large Brazilian city. These strains belonged to five different sequence types (STs), including 4 STs not previously associated with bla OXA-253. In all strains, the bla OXA-253 gene was located in a plasmid within a genetic environment similar to what was found previously in Brazil and Italy. The reported data emphasize the successful transmission of the bla OXA-253 gene through a large area and the tendency for this resistance determinant to remain in the A. baumannii population.

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Genetic Environment of the blaKPC-2 Gene in a Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolate That May Have Been Imported to Russia from Southeast Asia

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.01856-16 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Vladimir Ageevets ◽

Julia Sopova ◽

Irina Lazareva ◽

Maya Malakhova ◽

Elena Ilina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nucleotide Sequence ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Southeast Asia ◽

Mobile Element ◽

Macrolide Resistance ◽

Transposase Gene ◽

Content Type ◽

Genetic Environment ◽

Saint Petersburg ◽

History Of

ABSTRACT The nucleotide sequence of a bla KPC-2-harboring plasmid (pKPCAPSS) from Klebsiella pneumoniae ST273 isolated in Saint Petersburg, Russia, from a patient with history of recent travel to Vietnam is presented. This 127,970-bp plasmid possessed both IncFII and IncR replicons. bla KPC-2 was localized on a hypothetical mobile element. This element was flanked by 38-bp inverted Tn3 repeats and included a Tn3-specific transposase gene, macrolide resistance operon (mphA-mrx-mphR), and a fragment of bla TEM with unique polymorphisms.

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What We Don't Know About Diet-Breadth Evolution in Herbivorous Insects

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics ◽

10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-011720-023322 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 103-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Nate B. Hardy ◽

Chloe Kaczvinsky ◽

Gwendolyn Bird ◽

Benjamin B. Normark

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Population Genetic ◽

Genetic Architecture ◽

Diet Breadth ◽

Herbivorous Insects ◽

Herbivorous Insect ◽

Insect Diversity ◽

Major Question ◽

Genetic Environment ◽

Species Ecology

Half a million species of herbivorous insects have been described. Most of them are diet specialists, using only a few plant species as hosts. Biologists suspect that their specificity is key to their diversity. But why do herbivorous insects tend to be diet specialists? In this review, we catalog a broad range of explanations. We review the evidence for each and suggest lines of research to obtain the evidence we lack. We then draw attention to a second major question, namely how changes in diet breadth affect the rest of a species’ biology. In particular, we know little about how changes in diet breadth feed back on genetic architecture, the population genetic environment, and other aspects of a species’ ecology. Knowing more about how generalists and specialists differ should go a long way toward sorting out potential explanations of specificity, and yield a deeper understanding of herbivorous insect diversity.

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Characterization of the genetic environment of blaKPC in Escherichia coli isolates from hospitals in China

FEMS Microbiology Letters ◽

10.1093/femsle/fnaa064 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 367 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Xuejing Yang ◽

Yan Qi ◽

Guoping Li ◽

Yuying Wang ◽

Zhengqing Lou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Carbapenem Resistance ◽

Pcr Analysis ◽

Genetic Environment ◽

E Coli ◽

Carbapenem Resistant ◽

Infection Treatment ◽

Hospital Infection Control ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae Carbapenemases

ABSTRACT Carbapenem resistance in Enterobacteriaceae members has become a major challenge, and the genetic environment of blaKPC, encoding Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases, has not been fully clarified in China. In this study, we aimed to explore the genetic environment of blaKPC in 25 carbapenem-resistant E. coli isolates from hospitals in Hangzhou Province, China. Antimicrobial susceptibility against 22 common antimicrobial agents was tested. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis was performed for screening of the resistent genes, such as blaKPC, blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV, blaNDM, qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, aac(6’)-Ib, armA and rmtB. The genetic environment of blaKPC were determinedin one isolate. blaKPC was detected by PCR in all the clinical E. coli isolates. There were no strains carrying blaNDM, qnrA and armA. The genetic environment of blaKPC showed that blaKPC dissemination is plasmid mediated and that it is located in the Tn3–Tn4401 transposon complex. Encoding of blaKPC-2 was responsible for carbapenem resistance in the 25 E. coli isolates. The genetic environment of blaKPC was characterized by the Tn3–Tn4401 complex. Our findings may provide a theoretical basis for clinical drug-resistance monitoring, anti-infection treatment and hospital infection control.

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Integration of the blaNDM-1 carbapenemase gene into a novel SXT/R391 integrative and conjugative element in Proteus vulgaris

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy ◽

10.1093/jac/dkaa068 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 75 (6) ◽

pp. 1439-1442

Author(s):

Ling-Han Kong ◽

Rong Xiang ◽

Yu-Long Wang ◽

Shun-Kang Wu ◽

Chang-Wei Lei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Gene ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Bioinformatics Analysis ◽

Carbapenem Resistance ◽

Resistance Determinant ◽

Proteus Vulgaris ◽

Genetic Environment ◽

Carbapenem Resistant ◽

Carbapenemase Gene ◽

Integrative And Conjugative Element

Abstract Objectives To characterize the genetic environment of the carbapenem resistance determinant in Proteus vulgaris of swine origin. Methods The carbapenem-resistant P. vulgaris strain BC22 was isolated from a faecal swab from a diseased pig with diarrhoea in Sichuan Province of China in 2018. The presence of carbapenemase genes was screened by PCR. WGS and bioinformatics analysis were performed to analyse the genetic environment of the carbapenem resistance determinant. Results P. vulgaris strain BC22 was found to harbour the carbapenemase gene blaNDM-1. WGS data revealed that blaNDM-1 was located in a truncated ISAba125 composite transposon. The carbapenem resistance gene blaNDM-1 and 20 other resistance genes, including the multiresistance gene cfr and the bifunctional aminoglycoside/quinolone resistance gene aac(6′)-lb-cr, were located in a novel SXT/R391 integrative and conjugative element (ICE). This new SXT/R391 ICE of 148.7 kb was chromosomally located, and could be transferred to Escherichia coli. Conclusions Here, we report a carbapenemase gene, blaNDM-1, integrated into an SXT/R391 ICE. Our study highlights that this SXT/R391 ICE may facilitate the dissemination of clinically important resistance genes such as blaNDM-1, cfr and aac(6′)-lb-cr.

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