Absence of juvenile hormone signalling regulates the dynamic expression profiles of nutritional metabolism genes during diapause preparation in the cabbage beetleColaphellus bowringi

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 530-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Liu ◽  
Q.-Q. Tan ◽  
L. Zhu ◽  
Y. Li ◽  
F. Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Hormone ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Dynamic Expression ◽  
Hormone Signalling

scholarly journals Research Resource: The Dynamic Transcriptional Profile of Sertoli Cells During the Progression of Spermatogenesis

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Zimmermann ◽  
Isabelle Stévant ◽  
Christelle Borel ◽  
Béatrice Conne ◽  
Jean-Luc Pitetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Dynamic Expression ◽  
Cycle Regulation

Abstract Sertoli cells (SCs), the only somatic cells within seminiferous tubules, associate intimately with developing germ cells. They not only provide physical and nutritional support but also secrete factors essential to the complex developmental processes of germ cell proliferation and differentiation. The SC transcriptome must therefore adapt rapidly during the different stages of spermatogenesis. We report comprehensive genome-wide expression profiles of pure populations of SCs isolated at 5 distinct stages of the first wave of mouse spermatogenesis, using RNA sequencing technology. We were able to reconstruct about 13 901 high-confidence, nonredundant coding and noncoding transcripts, characterized by complex alternative splicing patterns with more than 45% comprising novel isoforms of known genes. Interestingly, roughly one-fifth (2939) of these genes exhibited a dynamic expression profile reflecting the evolving role of SCs during the progression of spermatogenesis, with stage-specific expression of genes involved in biological processes such as cell cycle regulation, metabolism and energy production, retinoic acid synthesis, and blood-testis barrier biogenesis. Finally, regulatory network analysis identified the transcription factors endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1 (EPAS1/Hif2α), aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT/Hif1β), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) as potential master regulators driving the SC transcriptional program. Our results highlight the plastic transcriptional landscape of SCs during the progression of spermatogenesis and provide valuable resources to better understand SC function and spermatogenesis and its related disorders, such as male infertility.

scholarly journals Dynamic Expression Profiles from Static Cytometry Data: Component Fitting and Conversion to Relative, “Same Scale” Values

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. e38275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayant Avva ◽  
Michael C. Weis ◽  
R. Michael Sramkoski ◽  
Sree N. Sreenath ◽  
James W. Jacobberger
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Dynamic Expression ◽  
Static Cytometry

scholarly journals Thyroid hormone signaling specifies cone subtypes in human retinal organoids

Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 362 (6411) ◽  
pp. eaau6348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiara C. Eldred ◽  
Sarah E. Hadyniak ◽  
Katarzyna A. Hussey ◽  
Boris Brenerman ◽  
Ping-Wu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Color Vision ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Hormone Signaling ◽  
Dynamic Expression ◽  
High Acuity ◽  
Human Nervous System

The mechanisms underlying specification of neuronal subtypes within the human nervous system are largely unknown. The blue (S), green (M), and red (L) cones of the retina enable high-acuity daytime and color vision. To determine the mechanism that controls S versus L/M fates, we studied the differentiation of human retinal organoids. Organoids and retinas have similar distributions, expression profiles, and morphologies of cone subtypes. S cones are specified first, followed by L/M cones, and thyroid hormone signaling controls this temporal switch. Dynamic expression of thyroid hormone–degrading and –activating proteins within the retina ensures low signaling early to specify S cones and high signaling late to produce L/M cones. This work establishes organoids as a model for determining mechanisms of human development with promising utility for therapeutics and vision repair.

scholarly journals Molecular basis for three-dimensional elaboration of the Aquilegia petal spur

2015 ◽  
Vol 282 (1803) ◽  
pp. 20142778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Levi Yant ◽  
Silvio Collani ◽  
Joshua Puzey ◽  
Clara Levy ◽  
Elena M. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Evolutionary Novelty ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Dynamic Expression ◽  
Asymmetric Component ◽  
Dependent Cell ◽  
Recruitment Event ◽  
Hormone Signalling

By enforcing specific pollinator interactions, Aquilegia petal nectar spurs maintain reproductive isolation between species. Spur development is the result of three-dimensional elaboration from a comparatively two-dimensional primordium. Initiated by localized, oriented cell divisions surrounding the incipient nectary, this process creates a pouch that is extended by anisotropic cell elongation. We hypothesized that the development of this evolutionary novelty could be promoted by non-mutually exclusive factors, including (i) prolonged, KNOX-dependent cell fate indeterminacy, (ii) localized organ sculpting and/or (iii) redeployment of hormone-signalling modules. Using cell division markers to guide transcriptome analysis of microdissected spur tissue, we present candidate mechanisms underlying spur outgrowth. We see dynamic expression of factors controlling cell proliferation and hormone signalling, but no evidence of contribution from indeterminacy factors. Transcriptome dynamics point to a novel recruitment event in which auxin-related factors that normally function at the organ margin were co-opted to this central structure. Functional perturbation of the transition between cell division and expansion reveals an unexpected asymmetric component of spur development. These findings indicate that the production of this three-dimensional form is an example of organ sculpting via localized cell division with novel contributions from hormone signalling, rather than a product of prolonged indeterminacy.

scholarly journals Where did the pupa come from? The timing of juvenile hormone signalling supports homology between stages of hemimetabolous and holometabolous insects

2019 ◽  
Vol 374 (1783) ◽  
pp. 20190064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Jindra
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Hormone ◽  
Adult Development ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Selective Advantage ◽  
Postembryonic Development ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Insect Metamorphosis ◽  
Alternative Hypotheses ◽  
Complete Metamorphosis ◽  
Hormone Signalling

Insect metamorphosis boasts spectacular cases of postembryonic development when juveniles undergo massive morphogenesis before attaining the adult form and function; in moths or flies the larvae do not even remotely resemble their adult parents. A selective advantage of complete metamorphosis (holometaboly) is that within one species the two forms with different lifestyles can exploit diverse habitats. It was the environmental adaptation and specialization of larvae, primarily the delay and internalization of wing development, that eventually required an intermediate stage that we call a pupa. It is a long-held and parsimonious hypothesis that the holometabolous pupa evolved through modification of a final juvenile stage of an ancestor developing through incomplete metamorphosis (hemimetaboly). Alternative hypotheses see the pupa as an equivalent of all hemimetabolous moulting cycles (instars) collapsed into one, and consider any preceding holometabolous larval instars free-living embryos stalled in development. Discoveries on juvenile hormone signalling that controls metamorphosis grant new support to the former hypothesis deriving the pupa from a final pre-adult stage. The timing of expression of genes that repress and promote adult development downstream of hormonal signals supports homology between postembryonic stages of hemimetabolous and holometabolous insects. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The evolution of complete metamorphosis’.

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