The North Mediterranean Barbus lineage: phylogenetic hypotheses and taxonomic implications based on allozyme data

The discovery of a second dreissenid species, the quagga mussel, in the Great Lakes in 1991 prompted a search for its identity. We have identified the North American quagga mussel as Dreissena bugensis Andrusov on the basis of allozyme data and morphological characters. Further, a phenotypically distinct form of the quagga mussel found in Lakes Erie and Ontario also matches the electrophoretic profiles of the typical Lake Ontario quagga and European D. bugensis. We confirm that the white "profunda" mussel found in the deep waters of Lake Erie is a phenotype of the quagga mussel, and we conclude that the quagga mussel is D. bugensis which has been introduced from the Black Sea drainage of Ukraine.

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Taxonomic Implications of Intraspecific Variation Amongst Isolates of the Aphid-Pathogenic Fungi Zoophthora radicans Brefeld and Z. phalloides Batko (Zygomycetes, Entomophthoraceae)

Australian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1071/bt9870049 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 49 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

TR Glare ◽

RJ Milner ◽

GA Chilvers ◽

RJ Mahon ◽

WV Brown

Keyword(s):

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Interspecific Variation ◽

Biochemical Tests ◽

Isoenzyme Analysis ◽

The North ◽

Morphological Criteria ◽

Analysis Of Results ◽

Zoophthora Radicans ◽

Taxonomic Implications ◽

Original Species

Numbers of isolates, provisionally identified by classical morphological criteria as Zoophthora radicans or Z. phalloides, were compared over a range of morphological, physiological and biochemical attributes to .assess intraspecific and interspecific variation. Taxonometric analysis of results from 17 of the fungal isolates confirmed that these two species are distinct. The traditional criterion for separating these species, the morphology of the primary conidia, is shown to be satisfactory. In addition, biochemical tests proved useful. Fatty acid composition was suitable for making between-species distinctions and isoenzyme analysis showed up small variations within species. The Z. phalloides isolates could be further divided into two groups on the basis of their geographical origins, Europe or North America. The European strain of Z. phalloides best fitted the original species description. It is judged that the North American strain, although distinct, is not sufficiently different to justify the erection of a new species.

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Allozyme variation in the Polygonum lapathifolium complex

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b91-284 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 69 (10) ◽

pp. 2261-2270 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Laurie L. Consaul ◽

Suzanne I. Warwick ◽

John McNeill

Keyword(s):

North American ◽

Taxonomic Status ◽

Allozyme Variation ◽

Genetic Distances ◽

Allozyme Data ◽

Separate Species ◽

The North ◽

Polygonum Lapathifolium ◽

Polygonum Pensylvanicum ◽

European Populations

The Polygonum lapathifolium complex consists of populations that are widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere and that have been classified at different taxonomic levels. Allozyme data were used to test the current North American taxonomic status of members of the complex (including P. lapathifolium var. lapathifolium, P. lapathifolium var. salicifolium, and P. scabrum) and to verify diploidy in the P. lapathifolium complex and polyploid origins of the morphologically similar P. persicaria and P. pensylvanicum. Of the 15 enzyme systems surveyed in 50 populations of the complex, only 3 of the 23 loci (Acon, Lap, and Skdh) were polymorphic in the North American populations and a total of 6 loci in European populations. Fifteen multilocus genotypes were evident in the complex. Four genotypes (all with Lap-10.67 were exclusive to North American populations of P. lapathifolium, providing support for a North American element of the complex. Nine genotypes (all with Lap-10.63) were found in North American and European populations of P. scabrum, all European populations of the P. lapathifolium complex, and three populations of North American P. lapathifolium var. lapathifolium. Lap-10.67 was also found in the native tetraploid P. pensylvanicum, whereas Lap-10.63 was found in the introduced tetraploid P. persicaria. Genetic distances among populations did not support the current taxonomic divisions within the complex, nor did it support separate species status of P. scabrum. Allozyme data provided support for the allotetraploid origins of P. pensylvanicum and P. persicaria, with members of the P. lapathifolium complex as one of the parents of each. Key words: Polygonum lapathifolium, Polygonum scabrum, Polygonum pensylvanicum, Polygonum persicaria, allozymes.

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Allozyme and Mitochondrial DNA Variation among Three Species of Stizostedion (Percidae): Phylogenetic and Zoogeographical Implications

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f90-126 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 47 (6) ◽

pp. 1093-1102 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Neil Billington ◽

Paul D. N. Hebert ◽

Robert D. Ward

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

North America ◽

Late Pleistocene ◽

Genetic Relatedness ◽

North American Species ◽

Divergence Times ◽

Before Present ◽

Allozyme Data ◽

Dna Variation ◽

The North

The percid genus Stizostedion consists of five species, three in Europe and two in North America, and is believed to have evolved in Europe and then later colonized North America. Three hypotheses exist concerning the route and timing of this colonization: a Miocene Atlantic "riverine" route; a Pliocene Beringian route; and a late-Pleistocene Atlantic route. To test these hypotheses, allozyme and mitochondrial DNA variation were compared in three Stizostedion species, S. canadense and S. vitreum from North America, and S. lucioperca from Europe, to determine their genetic relatedness. Divergence times between S. canadense and S. vitreum were estimated as 3.12 ± 1.33 million years before present (MYBP) from allozyme data and 4.06 ± 0.73 MYBP for mtDNA data, while divergence times between the North American species and S. lucioperca were 10.59 ± 2.74 MYBP and 7.86 ± 1.18 MYBP, respectively. These results are concordant with the hypothesis that colonization of North America by Stizostedion occurred during the Pliocene via Beringia.

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Taxonomy of the North Moroccan and Iberian species of the subgenus Amblypteraca (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Pimeliinae: Pimelia)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4963.3.4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4963 (3) ◽

pp. 457-482

Author(s):

PALOMA MAS-PEINADO ◽

JOSÉ L. RUIZ ◽

OTTÓ MERKL ◽

DAVID BUCKLEY ◽

MARIO GARCÍA-PARÍS

Keyword(s):

Ad Hoc ◽

Taxonomic Status ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Taxonomic Structure ◽

Narrow Strip ◽

Geographic Ranges ◽

The North ◽

Moroccan Coast ◽

Phylogenetic Hypotheses ◽

Analytical Tools

The subgenus Amblypteraca Mas-Peinado, Buckley, Ruiz & García-París, 2018 of Pimelia Fabricius, 1775, is restricted to the southern Iberian Peninsula and western Maghreb (northern and western Morocco). The distribution of Amblypteraca throughout the African-European edges overlaps largely with the geographic range of the subgenus Amblyptera, which is sister to the clade grouping subgenera Amblypteraca and Ecphoroma Solier, 1836. Delimiting species boundaries in the speciose genus Pimelia is often challenging, and the taxonomic status of some groups within the aforementioned subgenera is still a matter of debate. Here, we aim to stabilize some of the available names in Amblypteraca, and to correct some previous misidentifications. For that purpose, we discuss the composition and taxonomic structure within Amblypteraca by (i) assessing the phylogenetic congruence between mitochondrial and nuclear markers, and (ii) examining external morphological traits in 568 Amblypteraca specimens under the light of the phylogenetic hypotheses proposed here. Based on our results, Amblypteraca consists of three species: P. rotundipennis Kraatz, 1865, P. fairmairii Kraatz, 1865 and P. chrysomeloides Pallas, 1781. Both molecular and morphological data revealed four lineages within P. chrysomeloides: P. chrysomeloides chrysomeloides, distributed on both sides of the Strait of Gibraltar; P. chrysomeloides fornicata Herbst, 1799 from Portugal (Troia region); P. chrysomeloides bathyglypta Antoine, 1949, restricted to a narrow strip between Larache and Arbaoua (northern atlantic Moroccan coast), and P. chrysomeloides subris Koch, 1941 from Kenitra-La Mamora forest (Morocco). We designate a neotype of Tenebrio chrysomeloides Pallas, 1781 and propose the synonymy of P. chrysomeloides (Pallas, 1781) = P. obesa Solier, 1836 syn. n. Pimelia tristis Haag-Rutenberg, 1875, previously misidentified and included in Amblypteraca, is now transferred back to Amblyptera. Further studies with ad hoc sampling designs and analytical tools would be in need to delimit the exact geographic ranges of these taxa, and to analyse the patterns of diversity within and among species and subspecies.

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A challenge to categories: “What, if anything, is a mosasaur?”

BSGF - Earth Sciences Bulletin ◽

10.2113/gssgfbull.183.1.7 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 183 (1) ◽

pp. 7-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Michael W. Caldwell

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Recent Work ◽

Critical Review ◽

Historical Analysis ◽

Critical Assessment ◽

Single Character ◽

Taxonomic Implications ◽

Phylogenetic Hypotheses ◽

Modern Application ◽

Historical Origins

Abstract The concept of “mosasaur” is explored from the perspective of its historical origins, and tested empirically and phylogenetically in order to examine the concept in its modern application. Historical analysis of the origins of the concept of “mosasaur” makes it clear that the term bears significant historical burden (comparative anatomic, empirical, phylogenetic, paleontological, etc.). In order to address the flaws in the concept of mosasaur properly, this treatise critically assesses Camp’s [1923] diagnostic characters for Anguimorpha, Platynota, Varanoidea, and Mosasauroidea, concluding that Camp’s data permit mosasaurs to be viewed only as anguimorphans, not platynotans nor varanoids. A similar critical assessment is given for the characters used to diagnose anguimorphans and varanoids in Estes et al. [1988], concluding here that not a single character out of twenty-two is shared between varanoids and mosasaurs. The character concept developed by Romer [1956] for the “posteriorly retracted nares” of varanoids, and then later mosasaurs, is critically examined and found to be insufficient as a test of similarity of the intended primary homologs. The recent work of Rieppel et al. [2007], Conrad [2008] and Conrad et al. [2010] is critically reviewed as these authors revive the use, and subdivision, of the “posteriorly retracted nares” as a character in anguimorph phylogenetic analysis. Based on these criticisms, it is concluded here that there is no character-based evidence to support phylogenetic hypotheses that mosasaurs are derived aquatic varanoid lizards. A key recommendation of this treatise is that the hypothesis conceiving of mosasaurs as derived aquatic varanoids be abandoned. The final critical review presented in this treatise examines the taxonomic implications, relating to the concept of “mosasaur”, arising from the hypothesis of convergent paddle-like limb evolution in mosasaurs as presented by Bell and Polcyn [2005]. In conclusion, it is recognized that the concept and term “mosasaur” has ceased to exist in any biologically meaningful way, and that the future requires the construction of a new suite of terms and concepts to convey what we now think we know about these animals.

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Biogeography of freshwater fishes from the Northeastern Mata Atlântica freshwater ecoregion: distribution, endemism, and area relationships

Neotropical Ichthyology ◽

10.1590/1982-0224-20130228 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 683-698 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Priscila Camelier ◽

Angela M. Zanata

Keyword(s):

Native Species ◽

Fish Fauna ◽

Freshwater Fishes ◽

Mata Atlântica ◽

Central Group ◽

The North ◽

Mata Atlantica ◽

Phylogenetic Hypotheses ◽

High Level ◽

Central South

The Northeastern Mata Atlântica freshwater ecoregion (NMAF) includes part of the eastern Brazilian coastal drainages, has high level of fish endemism and great biogeographic significance. A taxonomic inventory of freshwater fishes from 25 drainages of the NMAF ecoregion and a biogeographic analysis using the Parsimony Analysis of Endemicity (PAE) method were carried out. A total of 192 native species was listed. The PAE method was applied to 24 basins and 37 species, resulting in five equally parsimonious area diagrams. The strict consensus diagram indicates the existence of two main groups of basins throughout the NMAF ecoregion. These groups were denominated: North Group and Central-South Group. The Central-South Group shows a basal polytomy composed by two Groups (Central Group and South Group) plus the rio Itapemirim basin. The North Group is composed by eight drainages from the rio Sergipe to the rio Paraguaçu, the Central Group by five drainages from the rio Cachoeira to the rio Jequitinhonha, and the South Group by nine drainages from the rio Buranhém to the rio Doce. Comments about the species distribution and the fish fauna shared with adjacent ecoregions are provided. We also present a comparison of the hypothesis of river relationships proposed herein with published phylogenetic hypotheses that include taxa relevant to this study.

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Maamingidae, a new family of proctotrupoid wasp (Insecta : Hymenoptera) from New Zealand

Invertebrate Systematics ◽

10.1071/it00053 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 341 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

J. W. Early ◽

L. Masner ◽

I. D. Naumann ◽

A. D. Austin

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Wing Size ◽

The North ◽

New Family ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Phylogenetic Resolution ◽

Phylogenetic Hypotheses

The new family Maamingidae is proposed for Maaminga, gen. nov., comprising two species, M. rangi, sp. nov. and M. marrisi, sp. nov., from New Zealand. The delicate and slender M. rangi, sp. nov. is common in forest, particularly kauri forests of the northern part of the North Island. The more robust and stocky M. marrisi, sp. nov., which is polymorphic for wing size (brachyterous and fully winged), appears to be associated with coastal scrub and forest, particularly on offshore islands, but is also found in alpine snow tussock. Maamingidae is nominally placed within the Proctotrupoidea, and is probably related to the Diapriidae and Monomachidae. However, its relationships are unclear, at least in part due to the lack of phylogenetic resolution among the proctotrupoid families and other Proctotrupomorpha sensu Rasnitsyn. The relationships of Maamingidae are briefly discussed in the light of current morphological and molecular phylogenetic hypotheses.

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Antennal ultrastructure of Leptidea Billberg, 1820 (Pieridae: Dismorphiinae: Leptideini) and its taxonomic implications

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4402.3.1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4402 (3) ◽

pp. 401 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

JORGE LLORENTE-BOUSQUETS ◽

DIANA JIMENA CASTRO-GERARDINO

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Sexual Dimorphism ◽

Taxonomic Implications ◽

Similarities And Differences ◽

Phylogenetic Hypotheses

We present the results of the first examination and comparative analysis of the ultrastructure of the antennae in seven species of Leptidea Billberg, 1820 (Pieridae). The results add further support to the hypothesis that the subfamily Dismorphiinae is composed of the tribes Leptideini and Dismorphiini. We summarize the results in a table and discuss the ultrastructure similarities and differences between the two tribes. Following a previously proposed framework, we trace the progression of character states and discuss the significance of the results in the context of varying phylogenetic hypotheses for Leptidea, with special emphasis on biogeography. We include a brief description of the terms we employ to described the main characters and types of sensilla of the antennal club of Leptidea. Remarkable antennal sexual dimorphism is noted in L. gigantea.

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