Common promoter deletion is associated with 3.9-fold differential transcription of ovineCCR5and reduced proviral level of ovine progressive pneumonia virus

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 583-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. White ◽  
M. R. Mousel ◽  
J. O. Reynolds ◽  
G. S. Lewis ◽  
L. M. Herrmann-Hoesing
Keyword(s):  
Promoter Deletion ◽  
Ovine Progressive Pneumonia ◽  
Differential Transcription

scholarly journals Differential transcription of Xenopus oocyte and somatic-type 5 S genes in a Xenopus oocyte extract.

1987 ◽  
Vol 262 (35) ◽  
pp. 17100-17110 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Millstein ◽  
P Eversole-Cire ◽  
J Blanco ◽  
J M Gottesfeld
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Oocyte ◽  
Differential Transcription ◽  
S Genes

Ultrastructure and Frequency of Mastitis Caused by Ovine Progressive Pneumonia Virus Infection in Sheep

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Deng ◽  
R. C. Cutlip ◽  
H. D. Lehmkuhl ◽  
K. A. Brogden
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Infected Sheep ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Cellular Debris ◽  
Ovine Progressive Pneumonia

Twenty-five sheep, experimentally ( n = 15) or naturally ( n = 6) infected with ovine progressive pneumonia virus and noninfected controls ( n = 4), were evaluated for histological and ultrastructural lesions of mastitis. Histologically, nine of 15 experimentally infected sheep and all six naturally infected sheep had lympho-plasmacytic mastitis. Severity of the lesion increased with length of time after infection. Periductal lymphatic nodules were seen in five sheep experimentally infected for 2.8 years or longer and in five naturally infected sheep that wore 3.7 years old or older. Ultrastructurally, responses to ovine progressive pneumonia virus were diffuse lympho-plasmacytic infiltrates in glandular interstitium, lymphocytic and occasional plasmacytic infiltrates in ductal walls and lumens, lymphoblasts surrounded by small lymphocytes in glandular interstitium, and degeneration of epithelium releasing cells and cellular debris into the lumen. Based on the prevalence of lesions, the mammary tissue was more susceptible to ovine progressive pneumonia virus than other target organs: lung, brain, and synovium. Lesions did not differ between breeds of sheep. Ovine progressive pneumonia virus was not seen in the mammary tissue but was isolated from 15 of 17 mammary glands.

RNA-Seq-derived identification of differential transcription in the eggplant ( Solanum melongena ) following inoculation with bacterial wilt

Gene ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 644 ◽  
pp. 137-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Chen ◽  
Bingwei Yu ◽  
Riyue Dong ◽  
Jianjun Lei ◽  
Changming Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Differential Transcription

scholarly journals Ovine progressive pneumonia provirus levels are unaffected by the prion 171R allele in an Idaho sheep flock

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D Harrington ◽  
Lynn M Herrmann-Hoesing ◽  
Stephen N White ◽  
Katherine I O'Rourke ◽  
Donald P Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Sheep Flock ◽  
Ovine Progressive Pneumonia

scholarly journals A day in the life of mitochondria reveals shifting workloads

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias W. Weinrich ◽  
Jaimie Hoh Kam ◽  
Bill T. Ferrara ◽  
Elinor P. Thompson ◽  
John Mitrofanis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex I ◽  
Energy Capacity ◽  
Complex Activity ◽  
Spare Capacity ◽  
Atp Production ◽  
Cellular Energy ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
Differential Transcription ◽  
Stimulation Of

Abstract Mitochondria provide energy for cellular function. We examine daily changing patterns of mitochondrial function and metabolism in Drosophila in vivo in terms of their complex (I-IV) activity, ATP production, glycolysis, and whole fly respiration in the morning, afternoon and night. Complex activity and respiration showed significant and unexpected variation, peaking in the afternoon. However, ATP levels by contrast are >40% greater in the morning and lowest at night when glycolysis peaks. Complex activity modulation was at the protein level with no evidence for differential transcription over the day. Timing differences between increased ATP production and peaks of complex activity may result from more efficient ATP production early in the day leaving complex activity with spare capacity. Optical stimulation of mitochondria is only possible in the mornings when there is such spare capacity. These results provide first evidence of shifts in cellular energy capacity at the organism level. Understanding their translation may be significant to the chosen timing of energy demanding interventions to improve function and health.

scholarly journals A Bayesian approach for analysis of whole-genome bisulphite sequencing data identifies disease-associated changes in DNA methylation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Owen J.L. Rackham ◽  
Sarah R. Langley ◽  
Thomas Oates ◽  
Eleni Vradi ◽  
Nathan Harmston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Epigenetic Modification ◽  
Promoter Hypermethylation ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Bisulphite Sequencing ◽  
Consistent Change ◽  
Rat Strain ◽  
Differential Transcription

ABSTRACTDNA methylation is a key epigenetic modification involved in gene regulation whose contribution to disease susceptibility remains to be fully understood. Here, we present a novel Bayesian smoothing approach (called ABBA) to detect differentially methylated regions (DMRs) from whole-genome bisulphite sequencing (WGBS). We also show how this approach can be leveraged to identify disease-associated changes in DNA methylation, suggesting mechanisms through which these alterations might affect disease. From a data modeling perspective, ABBA has the distinctive feature of automatically adapting to different correlation structures in CpG methylation levels across the genome whilst taking into account the distance between CpG sites as a covariate. Our simulation study shows that ABBA has greater power to detect DMRs than existing methods, providing an accurate identification of DMRs in the large majority of simulated cases. To empirically demonstrate the method’s efficacy in generating biological hypotheses, we performed WGBS of primary macrophages derived from an experimental rat system of glomerulonephritis and used ABBA to identify >1,000 disease-associated DMRs. Investigation of these DMRs revealed differential DNA methylation localized to a 600bp region in the promoter of the Ifitm3 gene. This was confirmed by ChIP-seq and RNA-seq analyses, showing differential transcription factor binding at the Ifitm3 promoter by JunD (an established determinant of glomerulonephritis) and a consistent change in Ifitm3 expression. Our ABBA analysis allowed us to propose a new role for Ifitm3 in the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis via a mechanism involving promoter hypermethylation that is associated with Ifitm3 repression in the rat strain susceptible to glomerulonephritis.

scholarly journals The identification of type I MADS box genes as the upstream activators of an endosperm-specific invertase inhibitor in Arabidopsis

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Hoffmann ◽  
Xiuling Shi ◽  
Chuan-Yu Hsu ◽  
Aakilah Brown ◽  
Quintera Knight ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Endosperm Development ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Promoter Deletion ◽  
Enhancer Region

Abstract Background Nuclear endosperm development is a common mechanism among Angiosperms, including Arabidopsis. During nuclear development, the endosperm nuclei divide rapidly after fertilization without cytokinesis to enter the syncytial phase, which is then followed by the cellularized phase. The endosperm can be divided into three spatial domains with distinct functions: the micropylar, peripheral, and chalazal domains. Previously, we identified two putative small invertase inhibitors, InvINH1 and InvINH2, that are specifically expressed in the micropylar region of the syncytial endosperm. In addition, ectopically expressing InvINH1 in the cellularized endosperm led to a reduction in embryo growth rate. However, it is not clear what are the upstream regulators responsible for the specific expression of InvINHs in the syncytial endosperm. Results Using protoplast transient expression system, we discovered that a group of type I MADS box transcription factors can form dimers to activate InvINH1 promoter. Promoter deletion assays carried out in the protoplast system revealed the presence of an enhancer region in InvINH1 promoter, which contains several consensus cis-elements for the MADS box proteins. Using promoter deletion assay in planta, we further demonstrated that this enhancer region is required for InvINH1 expression in the syncytial endosperm. One of the MADS box genes, AGL62, is a key transcription factor required for syncytial endosperm development. Using promoter-GFP reporter assay, we demonstrated that InvINH1 and InvINH2 are not expressed in agl62 mutant seeds. Collectively, our data supports the role of AGL62 and other type I MADS box genes as the upstream activators of InvINHs expression in the syncytial endosperm. Conclusions Our findings revealed several type I MADS box genes that are responsible for activating InvINH1 in the syncytial endosperm, which in turn regulates embryo growth rate during early stage of seed development.

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