scholarly journals The identification of type I MADS box genes as the upstream activators of an endosperm-specific invertase inhibitor in Arabidopsis

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Hoffmann ◽  
Xiuling Shi ◽  
Chuan-Yu Hsu ◽  
Aakilah Brown ◽  
Quintera Knight ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Endosperm Development ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Promoter Deletion ◽  
Enhancer Region

Abstract Background Nuclear endosperm development is a common mechanism among Angiosperms, including Arabidopsis. During nuclear development, the endosperm nuclei divide rapidly after fertilization without cytokinesis to enter the syncytial phase, which is then followed by the cellularized phase. The endosperm can be divided into three spatial domains with distinct functions: the micropylar, peripheral, and chalazal domains. Previously, we identified two putative small invertase inhibitors, InvINH1 and InvINH2, that are specifically expressed in the micropylar region of the syncytial endosperm. In addition, ectopically expressing InvINH1 in the cellularized endosperm led to a reduction in embryo growth rate. However, it is not clear what are the upstream regulators responsible for the specific expression of InvINHs in the syncytial endosperm. Results Using protoplast transient expression system, we discovered that a group of type I MADS box transcription factors can form dimers to activate InvINH1 promoter. Promoter deletion assays carried out in the protoplast system revealed the presence of an enhancer region in InvINH1 promoter, which contains several consensus cis-elements for the MADS box proteins. Using promoter deletion assay in planta, we further demonstrated that this enhancer region is required for InvINH1 expression in the syncytial endosperm. One of the MADS box genes, AGL62, is a key transcription factor required for syncytial endosperm development. Using promoter-GFP reporter assay, we demonstrated that InvINH1 and InvINH2 are not expressed in agl62 mutant seeds. Collectively, our data supports the role of AGL62 and other type I MADS box genes as the upstream activators of InvINHs expression in the syncytial endosperm. Conclusions Our findings revealed several type I MADS box genes that are responsible for activating InvINH1 in the syncytial endosperm, which in turn regulates embryo growth rate during early stage of seed development.

scholarly journals FERTILIZATION-INDEPENDENT SEED-Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 Plays a Dual Role in Regulating Type I MADS-Box Genes in Early Endosperm Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 177 (1) ◽  
pp. 285-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Zhang ◽  
Dongfang Wang ◽  
Huajian Zhang ◽  
Megan I. Skaggs ◽  
Alan Lloyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endosperm Development ◽  
Dual Role ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Polycomb Repressive Complex ◽  
Polycomb Repressive Complex 2

Genome-wide identification and analysis of the MADS-box gene family and its potential role in fruit ripening in black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Yaqiong Wu ◽  
Chunhong Zhang ◽  
Wenlong Wu ◽  
Weilin Li ◽  
Lianfei Lyu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Type I ◽  
Black Raspberry ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Mads Box Gene

BACKGROUND: Black raspberry is a vital fruit crop with a high antioxidant function. MADS-box genes play an important role in the regulation of fruit development in angiosperms. OBJECTIVE: To understand the regulatory role of the MADS-box family, a total of 80 MADS-box genes were identified and analyzed. METHODS: The MADS-box genes in the black raspberry genome were analyzed using bioinformatics methods. Through an analysis of the promoter elements, the possible functions of different members of the family were predicted. The spatiotemporal expression patterns of members of the MADS-box family during black raspberry fruit development and ripening were systematically analyzed. RESULTS: The genes were classified into type I (Mα: 33; Mβ: 6; Mγ: 10) and type II (MIKC *: 2; MIKCC: 29) genes. We also obtained a complete overview of the RoMADS-box gene family through phylogenetic, gene structure, conserved motif, and cis element analyses. The relative expression analysis showed different expression patterns, and most RoMADS-box genes were more highly expressed in fruit than in other tissues of black raspberry. CONCLUSIONS: This finding indicates that the MADS-box gene family is involved in the regulation of fruit ripening processes in black raspberry.

scholarly journals Functional analysis of MADS-box genes controlling ovule development in Arabidopsis using the ethanol-inducible alc gene-expression system

2006 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaella Battaglia ◽  
Vittoria Brambilla ◽  
Lucia Colombo ◽  
Antoine R. Stuitje ◽  
Martin M. Kater
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Ovule Development ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Gene Expression System

scholarly journals Analysis of MADS-box genes revealed modified flowering gene network and diurnal expression in pineapple

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodan Zhang ◽  
Mahpara Fatima ◽  
Ping Zhou ◽  
Qing Ma ◽  
Ray Ming
Keyword(s):  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Flowering Genes ◽  
Tropical Plant ◽  
Cam Photosynthesis

Abstract Background Pineapple is the most important crop with CAM photosynthesis, but its molecular biology is underexplored. MADS-box genes are crucial transcription factors involving in plant development and several biological processes. However, there is no systematic analysis of MADS-box family genes in pineapple ( Ananas comosus ).Results Forty-eight MADS-box genes were identified in the pineapple genome. Based on the phylogenetic studies, pineapple MADS-box genes can be divided into type I and type II MADS-box genes. Thirty-four pineapple genes were classified as type II MADS-box genes including 32 MIKC-type and 2 Mδ-type, while 14 type I MADS-box genes were further divided into Mα, Mβ and Mγ subgroups. A majority of pineapple MADS-box genes were randomly distributed across 19 chromosomes. RNA-seq expression patterns of MADS-box genes in four different tissues revealed that more genes were highly expressed in flowers, which was confirmed by our quantitative RT-PCR results. There is no FLC and CO orthologs in pineapple. The loss of FLC and CO orthologs in pineapple indicated that modified flowering genes network in this tropical plant compared with Arabidopsis . The expression patterns of MADS-box genes in photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic leaf tissues indicated the potential roles of some MADS-box genes in pineapple CAM photosynthesis. The 23% of pineapple MADS-box genes showed diurnal rhythm, indicating that these MADS-box genes are regulated by circadian clock.Conclusions MADS-box genes identified in pineapple are closely related to flowering development. Some MADS-box genes are involved in CAM photosynthesis and regulated by the circadian clock. These findings will facilitate research on the development of unusual spiral inflorescences on pineapple fruit and CAM photosynthesis.

scholarly journals Characteristics of banana B genome MADS-box family demonstrate their roles in fruit development, ripening, and stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunke Zheng ◽  
Mengting Liu ◽  
Caihong Jia ◽  
Jingyi Wang ◽  
Biyu Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Type I ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
Banana Fruit ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Musa Balbisiana ◽  
B Genome

AbstractMADS-box genes are critical regulators of growth and development in flowering plants. Sequencing of the Musa balbisiana (B) genome has provided a platform for the systematic analysis of the MADS-box gene family in the important banana ancestor Musa balbisiana. Seventy-seven MADS-box genes, including 18 type I and 59 type II, were strictly identified from the banana (Pisang Klutuk Wulung, PKW, 2n = 2x = 22) B genome. These genes have been preferentially placed on the banana B genome. Evolutionary analysis suggested that M. balbisiana MCM1-AGAMOUS-DEFICIENS-SRF (MbMADS) might be organized into the MIKCc, MIKC*, Mα, Mβ, and Mγ groups according to the phylogeny. MIKCc was then further categorized into 10 subfamilies according to conserved motif and gene structure analyses. The well-defined MADS-box genes highlight gene birth and death in banana. MbMADSes originated from the same ancestor as MaMADSes. Transcriptome analysis in cultivated banana (ABB) revealed that MbMADSes were conserved and differentially expressed in several organs, in various fruit developing and ripening stages, and in stress treatments, indicating the participation of these genes in fruit development, ripening, and stress responses. Of note, SEP/AGL2 and AG, as well as other several type II MADS-box genes, including the STMADS11 and TM3/SOC1 subfamilies, indicated elevated expression throughout banana fruit development, ripening, and stress treatments, indicating their new parts in controlling fruit development and ripening. According to the co-expression network analysis, MbMADS75 interacted with bZIP and seven other transcription factors to perform its function. This systematic analysis reveals fruit development, ripening, and stress candidate MbMADSes genes for additional functional studies in plants, improving our understanding of the transcriptional regulation of MbMADSes genes and providing a base for genetic modification of MADS-mediated fruit development, ripening, and stress.

scholarly journals Role of MADS-box Gene in the Development of Flower Organs in Pineapple of a Typical Collective Fruit

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
hongna zhang ◽  
Xiaolu Pan ◽  
Debao Yi ◽  
Wenqiu Lin ◽  
Xiumei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Floral Organ ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Floral Organs ◽  
Genome Survey ◽  
Mads Box Gene ◽  
Collective Fruit

Abstract Background: MADS-box genes play crucial roles in plant vegetative and reproductive growth, especially in inflorescences, flower, and fruit. Pineapple is a typical collective fruit, and a comprehensive analysis of the MADS-box gene family in the development of floral organs of pineapple is still lacking. Results: In this study, the whole-genome survey and expression profiling of the MADS-box family in pineapple were introduced. Forty-four AcMADS genes were identified in pineapple, 39 of them were located on 18 chromosomes and five genes were distributed in five scaffolds. Twenty-two AcMADS genes were defined as 15 pairs of segmental duplication events. Syntenic analysis showed that pineapple is closely related to monocotyledon plants. Most members of the type II subfamily of AcMADS genes had higher expression levels in floral organs compared with type I subfamily, thereby suggesting that AcMADS of type II may play more crucial roles in the development of floral organs of pineapple. Six AcMADS genes have significant tissue-specificity expression, thereby suggesting that they may participate in the formation of one or more floral organs. Conclusions: Our findings not only benefit to reveal the functional characterization of MADS-box genes in the floral organ development of pineapple but also provide additional information for further understanding the formation and development collective fruit.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of the MADS-Box Gene Family in American Beautyberry (Callicarpa americana)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1805
Author(s):  
Tareq Alhindi ◽  
Ayed M. Al-Abdallat
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Type I ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Floral Organogenesis ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Organ Identity ◽  
Mads Box Gene

The MADS-box gene family encodes a number of transcription factors that play key roles in various plant growth and development processes from response to environmental cues to cell differentiation and organ identity, especially the floral organogenesis, as in the prominent ABCDE model of flower development. Recently, the genome of American beautyberry (Callicarpa americana) has been sequenced. It is a shrub native to the southern region of United States with edible purple-colored berries; it is a member of the Lamiaceae family, a family of medical and agricultural importance. Seventy-eight MADS-box genes were identified from 17 chromosomes of the C. americana assembled genome. Peptide sequences blast and analysis of phylogenetic relationships with MADS-box genes of Sesame indicum, Solanum lycopersicum, Arabidopsis thaliana, and Amborella trichopoda were performed. Genes were separated into 32 type I and 46 type II MADS-box genes. C. americana MADS-box genes were clustered into four groups: MIKCC, MIKC*, Mα-type, and Mγ-type, while the Mβ-type group was absent. Analysis of the gene structure revealed that from 1 to 15 exons exist in C. americana MADS-box genes. The number of exons in type II MADS-box genes (5–15) greatly exceeded the number in type I genes (1–9). The motif distribution analysis of the two types of MADS-box genes showed that type II MADS-box genes contained more motifs than type I genes. These results suggested that C. americana MADS-box genes type II had more complex structures and might have more diverse functions. The role of MIKC-type MADS-box genes in flower and fruit development was highlighted when the expression profile was analyzed in different organs transcriptomes. This study is the first genome-wide analysis of the C. americana MADS-box gene family, and the results will further support any functional and evolutionary studies of C. americana MADS-box genes and serve as a reference for related studies of other plants in the medically important Lamiaceae family.

scholarly journals The study of two barley Type I-like MADS-box genes as potential targets of epigenetic regulation during seed development

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliki Kapazoglou ◽  
Cawas Engineer ◽  
Vicky Drosou ◽  
Chrysanthi Kalloniati ◽  
Eleni Tani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Development ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes

scholarly journals Expression profiling of MADS-box gene family revealed its role in vegetative development and stem ripening in S. spontaneum

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahpara Fatima ◽  
Xiaodan Zhang ◽  
Jishan Lin ◽  
Ping Zhou ◽  
Dong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tandem Duplication ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Mads Box Gene ◽  
Identification And Characterization

AbstractSugarcane is the most important sugar and biofuel crop. MADS-box genes encode transcription factors that are involved in developmental control and signal transduction in plants. Systematic analyses of MADS-box genes have been reported in many plant species, but its identification and characterization were not possible until a reference genome of autotetraploid wild type sugarcane specie, Saccharum spontaneum is available recently. We identified 182 MADS-box sequences in the S. spontaneum genome, which were annotated into 63 genes, including 6 (9.5%) genes with four alleles, 21 (33.3%) with three, 29 (46%) with two, 7 (11.1%) with one allele. Paralogs (tandem duplication and disperse duplicated) were also identified and characterized. These MADS-box genes were divided into two groups; Type-I (21 Mα, 4 Mβ, 4 Mγ) and Type-II (32 MIKCc, 2 MIKC*) through phylogenetic analysis with orthologs in Arabidopsis and sorghum. Structural diversity and distribution of motifs were studied in detail. Chromosomal localizations revealed that S. spontaneum MADS-box genes were randomly distributed across eight homologous chromosome groups. The expression profiles of these MADS-box genes were analyzed in leaves, roots, stem sections and after hormones treatment. Important alleles based on promoter analysis and expression variations were dissected. qRT-PCR analysis was performed to verify the expression pattern of pivotal S. spontaneum MADS-box genes and suggested that flower timing genes (SOC1 and SVP) may regulate vegetative development.

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