scholarly journals PM 7/93(1):Melampsora medusae

EPPO Bulletin ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-336 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Melampsora Medusae

Melampsora medusae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Walker
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Melampsora Medusae ◽  
Nursery Stock ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Incremental Growth

Abstract A description is provided for Melampsora medusae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Pycnia and aecia on Coniferae, especially Larix and Pseudotsuga, less commonly on Pinus and other genera (Ziller, 1965). Uredinia and telia on species of Populus, especially Populus deltoides, and its varieties and hybrids P. balsamifera, P. nigra var. italica and others. Its exact host range on species of Populus is not known due to confusion with other species of Melampsora and to uncertainty in the reported identity of some species of Populus and clones (Walker, Hartigan & Bertus, 1974). DISEASE: Leaf rust of poplars, causing severe leaf damage and early defoliation on susceptible species and clones. Continued defoliation of successive flushes of growth predisposes trees to winter injury and dieback (Peace, 1962) and can cause death of trees, especially nursery stock and trees 1-2 yr old (25, 204; 47, 241; Walker Haitigan & Bertus, 1974). Reduction in incremental growth of timber occurs with susceptible varieties. Some damage can occur to the conifer hosts. It is often severe on Pseudotsuga menziesii (45, 459; 47, 126) and in nurseries Pinus spp. and Larix spp. can be heavily attacked (Ziller, 1965). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: North America (Canada, USA), Asia (Japan); Australasia and Oceania (Australia, New Zealand); Europe (France, Spain). Reports of Melampsora spp. on poplars (including P. deltoides and P. canadensis) from South America (Argentina, 21, 173), Uruguay (Lindquist & de Rosengurtt, 1967) may refer in part to M. medusae. TRANSMISSION: By air-borne urediniospores, often over long distances (suspected from eastern Australia to New Zealand). Urediniospores survive the winter in milder climates on semi-evergreen lines and on green sucker growth of deciduous trees. This is probably the main method of overwintering in the Southern Hemisphere and in warmer parts of the Northern Hemisphere. The possibility of bud carryover as occurs with M. epitea on Salix in Iceland (Jorstad, 1951) and the Canadian Arctic (Savile, 1972) should be investigated. Telia survive the winter and basidiospores formed in spring infect susceptible conifers in parts of the Northern Hemisphere (Ziller, 1965) but no conifer infection has so far been found in Australia.

scholarly journals Bulked Segregant Analysis Identifies Molecular Markers Linked to Melampsora medusae Resistance in Populus deltoides

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (9) ◽  
pp. 1039-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Tabor ◽  
T. L. Kubisiak ◽  
N. B. Klopfenstein ◽  
R. B. Hall ◽  
H. S. McNabb McNabb
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
The North ◽  
Melampsora Medusae ◽  
Central United States

In the north central United States, leaf rust caused by Melampsora medusae is a major disease problem on Populus deltoides. In this study we identified molecular markers linked to a M. medusae resistance locus (Lrd1) that was segregating 1:1 within an intraspecific P. deltoides family (C9425DD). Previous field results were confirmed in the controlled environment of a growth chamber through an excised whole-leaf inoculation method. Using bulked segregant analysis we identified two random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers (OPG10340 and OPZ191800) that are linked to Lrd1. Based on segregation in a total of 116 progeny, the genetic distances between OPG10340 and OPZ191800 and the resistance locus were estimated as 2.6 and 7.4 Haldane centimorgans (cM), respectively. Multipoint linkage analyses strongly suggest the most likely order for these loci is Lrd1, OPG10340, and OPZ191800. These markers may prove to be instrumental in the eventual cloning of Lrd1, as well as for marker-assisted selection of leaf-rust resistant genotypes.

Melampsora medusae. [Distribution map].

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Melampsora Medusae ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Populus Spp

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Melampsora medusae Thum. Hosts: Populus spp. and conifers. Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, Japan, AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA, Australia, New Zealand (N. Island), EUROPE, France (S.), Spain, NORTH AMERICA, Canada (British Columbia), USA (widespread in N.E.), SOUTH AMERICA, Chile.

Ultrastructure of eastern cottonwood clones susceptible or resistant to leaf rust

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 1586-1598 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Shain ◽  
U. Järlfors
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Eastern Cottonwood ◽  
Melampsora Medusae ◽  
Wall Appositions ◽  
Infected Cells

The infection process in four clones of eastern cottonwood susceptible or resistant to leaf rust caused by Melampsora medusae was studied by light and electron microscopy. Infection was initiated by stomatal rather than direct entry. Typical dikaryotic haustoria were observed in all clones within 1 day of inoculation. Some healthy-appearing haustoria were observed in susceptible clones throughout the duration of the study, which was terminated during the initiation of uredial production. Incompatibility was expressed differently in the two resistant clones. In clone St 75, most haustoria and invaded host cells that were observed appeared necrotic within 2 days of inoculation. Cell wall appositions appeared during this time in cells adjoining necrotic host cells. Some infected cells disintegrated within 4 days of inoculation. Affected host cells of clone St 92, on the other hand, plasmolyzed during the first 2 to 3 days after inoculation. Necrotic host cells were not observed in this clone until the 4th day after inoculation. Hyphal ramification and host plasmolysis were extensive at 6 days after inoculation.

A microbiological control of Melampsora medusae

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 711-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. McBride
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Nutrient Broth ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Bacillus Mycoides ◽  
Greenhouse Experiments ◽  
Aqueous Suspensions ◽  
Melampsora Medusae ◽  
Microbiological Control ◽  
Unidentified Species

Bacillus cereus Frankland and Frankland, Bacillus mycoides Flugge, and a third unidentified species of Bacillus occurred commonly as part of the saprophytic microflora on healthy foliage of Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco. In greenhouse experiments, application of a mixture of nutrient broth cultures of these bacteria on P. menziesii seedlings resulted in control of the needle rust Melampsora medusae Thüm. Less effective control occurred when aqueous suspensions of the bacteria and cell-free (Millipore-filtered) filtrates of the nutrient broth cultures were applied to the seedlings, before inoculation.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity in Poplar Leaf Rust (Melampsora medusae f. sp. deltoidae) in the Zones of Host Sympatry and Allopatry

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 603-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bourassa ◽  
L. Bernier ◽  
R. C. Hamelin
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Allelic Diversity ◽  
Genotypic Frequency ◽  
Single Strand Conformational Polymorphism ◽  
Melampsora Medusae ◽  
Natural Stands ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Poplar Leaf ◽  
Poplar Leaf Rust

Poplar leaf rust caused by Melampsora medusae f. sp. deltoidae is a widespread disease in North America, where epidemics occur within zones of sympatry and allopatry of telial hosts (Populus spp.) and aecial hosts (Larix spp.). To test the hypothesis that epidemics originate in the zone of sympatry where the rust can complete its life cycle, populations in sympatry and allopatry were analyzed with single-strand conformational polymorphism for codominant detection of alleles directly from uredinia. More alleles were detected in rust populations in the zone of host sympatry than in allopatry. Almost all alleles found in the zone of allopatry were a subset of the allelic diversity present in the zone of host sympatry. Distance analyses clustered populations according to geographic origin, but not sampling year or type of stand (plantation or natural stands). Large differences in allelic and genotypic frequency were observed between years in allopatry but not in sympatry, suggesting new colonizations in allopatric populations. Our results point to a dynamic and complex pattern of inoculum dissemination in polar leaf rust. The hypothesis most consistent with our results is that populations in sympatry represent a source of inoculum for epidemics, with some annual recolonization in allopatry, possibly via intermediate population jumps.

Melampsora medusae. [Distribution map].

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
New South ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Melampsora Medusae ◽  
South Wales ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Melampsora medusae Thum. Pucciniomycetes: Pucciniales: Melampsoraceae. Hosts: Populus spp., Pinaceae. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (France, Portugal, Russia), Asia (China, Henan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, India, Japan), Africa (South Africa, Zimbabwe), North America (Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Northwest Territories, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Yukon, Mexico, USA, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming), South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Parana), Oceania (Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, New Zealand).

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