Poverty and health promotion in primary health care: professionals' perspectives

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 309-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma Daykin ◽  
Jennie Naidoo
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Poverty And Health

scholarly journals Promoção da saúde articulada aos determinantes sociais: possibilidade para a equidade

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 943
Author(s):  
Daniella Santos Figueredo ◽  
Ivonete Teresinha Schulter Buss Heidemann ◽  
Gisele Cristina Manfrini Fernandes ◽  
Aline Megumi Arakawa-Belaunde ◽  
Lays Souza De Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Recursos Humanos

RESUMO Objetivo: conhecer as práticas de promoção da saúde articuladas aos determinantes sociais e desenvolvidas por profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método: trata-se de estudo qualitativo, descritivo, exploratório. Realizaram-se 19 entrevistas semiestruturadas com profissionais de saúde inseridos em duas Unidades Básicas de Saúde. Avaliaram-se os dados a partir da técnica de Análise de Conteúdo na modalidade Análise Temática. Resultados: desenvolvem-se as práticas de Promoção da Saúde, em sua maioria, em grupos de educação em saúde, com orientações sobre mudança de estilo de vida durante as consultas agendadas. Apontaram-se, como potencialidades, o adequado processo de trabalho das equipes de saúde, o apoio e o incentivo da gestão atual e o vínculo com a comunidade. Citaram-se, como principais desafios, a demanda excessiva de usuários para consultas individuais e a falta de recursos humanos, apontando algumas fragilidades da gestão. Conclusão: ressalta-se a pertinência da Promoção da Saúde na Atenção Primária como forma de cuidado e autonomia do indivíduo e da comunidade, considerando os determinantes sociais, mas requerendo investimentos na educação permanente frente aos desafios apontados. Descritores: Promoção da Saúde; Estratégia Saúde da Família; Determinantes Sociais da Saúde; Atenção Primária à Saúde; Enfermagem; Equidade em Saúde.ABSTRACT Objective: to know the practices of health promotion articulated to social determinants and developed by Primary Health Care professionals. Method: this is a qualitative, descriptive, exploratory study. Nineteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with health professionals enrolled in two Basic Health Units. Data were evaluated using the Content Analysis technique in the Thematic Analysis modality. Results: health promotion practices are developed, mostly in health education groups, with orientations on lifestyle changes during the scheduled consultations. As potentialities, the adequate work process of the health teams, the support and the incentive of the current management and the bond with the community were pointed out. The main challenges were the excessive user demand for individual consultations and the lack of human resources, pointing out some management weaknesses. Conclusion: the relevance of Health Promotion in Primary Care as a form of care and autonomy of the individual and of the community, considering the social determinants, but requiring investments in the permanent education facing the challenges pointed out. Descriptors: Health Promotion; Family Health Strategy; Social Determinants of Health; Primary Health Care; Nursing; Equity in Health.RESUMEN Objetivo: conocer las prácticas de promoción de la salud articuladas a los determinantes sociales y desarrolladas por profesionales de la Atención Primaria a la Salud. Método: se trata de un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, exploratorio. Se realizaron 19 entrevistas semiestructuradas con profesionales de salud insertados en dos Unidades Básicas de Salud. Se evaluaron los datos a partir de la técnica de Análisis de Contenido en la modalidad Análisis Temático. Resultados: se desarrollan las prácticas de Promoción de la Salud, en su mayoría, en grupos de educación en salud, con orientaciones sobre cambio de estilo de vida durante las consultas programadas. Se señalaron, como potencialidades, el adecuado proceso de trabajo de los equipos de salud, el apoyo y el incentivo de la gestión actual y el vínculo con la comunidad. Se citaron, como principales desafíos, la demanda excesiva de usuarios para consultas individuales y la falta de recursos humanos, apuntando algunas debilidades de la gestión. Conclusión: se resalta la pertinencia de la Promoción de la Salud en la Atención Primaria como forma de cuidado y autonomía del individuo y de la comunidad, considerando los determinantes sociales, pero requiriendo inversiones en la educación permanente frente a los desafíos señalados. Descriptores: Promoción de la Salud, Estrategia de la Salud Familiar; Determinantes Sociales de la Salud; Enfermería; Equidad en Salud.

scholarly journals Integrative and complementary practices in Primary Care: unveiling health promotion

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indiara Sartori Dalmolin ◽  
Ivonete Teresinha Schülter Buss Heidemann
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Three Stages

Objective: to understand the use of integrative and complementary practices as a health promotion action. Method: qualitative study, action-participant type, with the application of Paulo Freire’s Research Itinerary, in which 30 Primary Health Care professionals participated. Thematic research was developed with two Primary Care Units, one that used integrative and complementary practices in daily life and another that focused more on allopathic concepts of assistance. To carry out the three stages of the method used, seven Culture Yarning Circles took place. The critical unveiling took place concurrently with the participation of those surveyed. Results: integrative and complementary practices constitute a form of health care, with the purpose of understanding the human being in the health-disease process, making it possible to work with the different aspects that involve them. In this way, they reduce damages resulting from the excessive use of medications, stimulate comprehensiveness and promote health. Conclusion: integrative and complementary practices are resources for health promotion, through comprehensive care and reducing the use of medications.

Disaster Management in Rural and Remote Primary Health Care: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-369
Author(s):  
Katie A. Willson ◽  
Gerard J. FitzGerald ◽  
David Lim
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Primary Health

AbstractObjective:This scoping review aims to map the roles of rural and remote primary health care professionals (PHCPs) during disasters.Introduction:Disasters can have catastrophic impacts on society and are broadly classified into natural events, man-made incidents, or a mixture of both. The PHCPs working in rural and remote communities face additional challenges when dealing with disasters and have significant roles during the Prevention, Preparedness, Response, and Recovery (PPRR) stages of disaster management.Methods:A Johanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review methodology was utilized, and the search was conducted over seven electronic databases according to a priori protocol.Results:Forty-one papers were included and sixty-one roles were identified across the four stages of disaster management. The majority of disasters described within the literature were natural events and pandemics. Before a disaster occurs, PHCPs can build individual resilience through education. As recognized and respected leaders within their community, PHCPs are invaluable in assisting with disaster preparedness through being involved in organizations’ planning policies and contributing to natural disaster and pandemic surveillance. Key roles during the response stage include accommodating patient surge, triage, maintaining the health of the remaining population, instituting infection control, and ensuring a team-based approach to mental health care during the disaster. In the aftermath and recovery stage, rural and remote PHCPs provide long-term follow up, assisting patients in accessing post-disaster support including delivery of mental health care.Conclusion:Rural and remote PHCPs play significant roles within their community throughout the continuum of disaster management. As a consequence of their flexible scope of practice, PHCPs are well-placed to be involved during all stages of disaster, from building of community resilience and contributing to early alert of pandemics, to participating in the direct response when a disaster occurs and leading the way to recovery.

Preparing nurses for primary health care futures: how well do Australian nursing courses perform?

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Keleher ◽  
Rhian Parker ◽  
Karen Francis
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Curriculum Reform ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Educational Preparation ◽  
Undergraduate Nursing ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Prevention And Health Promotion

Health reform is increasingly targeted towards strengthening and expansion of primary health systems as care is shifted from hospitals to communities. The renewed emphasis on prevention and health promotion is intended to curb the tide of chronic disease and sustain effective chronic disease management, as well as address health inequities and increase affordable access to services. Given the scope of nurses’ practice, the success of Australia’s health system reforms are dependent on a nursing workforce that is appropriately educated and prepared for practice in community settings. This article reports on the results of an Australian national audit of all undergraduate nursing curricula to examine the extent of professional socialisation and educational preparation of nurses for primary health care. The results of the audit are compared with Australian nursing standards associated with competency in primary health care. The findings indicate that Australian nursing competencies are general in their approach to skills and knowledge, not specifying any particular competencies for primary health care, while undergraduate student preparation for practice in primary health and community settings is patchy and not keeping pace with reform agendas that promote expanded roles for nurses in primary health care, prevention and health promotion. The implication for nursing curriculum reform is that attention to achieving nursing graduate capacity for primary health care and health promotion is a priority.

The Use of and Attitude Towards Telehealth in Rural Communities

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Mauldon
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Urban Hospital ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rural Patients

This paper reports on the attitudes of a sample of health care providers towards the use of telehealth to support rural patients and integrate rural primary health and urban hospital care. Telehealth and other information technologies hold the promise of improving the quality of care for people in rural and remote areas and for supporting rural primary health care providers. While seemingly beneficial for rural patients, study participants believed that telehealth remains underused and poorly integrated into their practice. In general, participants thought that telehealth is potentially beneficial but places constraints on their activities, and few actually used it. Published literature usually reports either on the success of telehealth pilot projects or initiatives that are well resourced and do not reflect the constraints of routine practice, or has an international focus limiting its relevance to the Australian context. Because of the paucity of systematic and generalisable research into the effects of the routine use of telehealth to support rural patients, it is unclear why health care professionals choose to provide such services or the costs and benefits they incur in doing so. Research and policy initiatives continue to be needed to identify the impact of telehealth within the context of Australian primary health care and to develop strategies to support its use.

Development of the perceptions of preventable adverse events assessment tool (PPAEAT): measurement properties and patients’ mental health status

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Franziska Maria Keller ◽  
Christina Derksen ◽  
Lukas Kötting ◽  
Martina Schmiedhofer ◽  
Sonia Lippke
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Patient Safety ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Item Scale

Abstract Background Patient-centered care and patient involvement have been increasingly recognized as crucial elements of patient safety. However, patient safety has rarely been evaluated from the patient perspective with a quantitative approach aiming at making patient safety and preventable adverse events measurable. Objectives The objectives of this study were to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of a questionnaire assessing patient safety by perceived triggers of preventable adverse events among patients in primary health-care settings while considering mental health. Methods Two hundred and ten participants were recruited through various digital and print channels and asked to complete an online survey between November 2019 and April 2020. Exploratory factor analysis was performed to identify domains of triggers of preventable adverse events affecting patient safety. Furthermore, a multi-trait scaling analysis was performed to evaluate internal reliability as well as item-scale convergent–discriminant validity. A multivariate analysis of covariance evaluated whether individuals below and above the symptom threshold for depression and generalized anxiety perceive triggers of preventable adverse events differently. Results The five factors determined were information and communication with patients, time constraints of health-care professionals, diagnosis and treatment, hygiene and communication among health-care professionals, and knowledge and operational procedures. The questionnaire demonstrated a good total and subscale internal consistency (α = 0.90, range = 0.75–0.88), good item-scale convergent validity with significant correlations between 0.57 and 0.78 (P < 0.05; P < 0.01) for all items with their associated subscales, and satisfactory item-scale discriminant validity between 0.14 and 0.55 (P > 0.05) with no significant correlations between the items and their competing subscales. The questionnaire further revealed to be a generic measure irrespective of patients’ mental health status. Patients older than 50 years of age perceived a significantly greater threat to their own safety compared to patients below that age. Conclusion The developed Perceptions of Preventable Adverse Events Assessment Tool (PPAEAT) exhibits good psychometric properties, which supports its use in future research and primary health-care practice. Further validation of the PPAEAT in different settings, languages and larger samples is needed. The results of this study need to be considered when assessing patient safety in the context of health-care research.

scholarly journals The National Mental Health Strategy: Redefining Promotion and Prevention in Mental Health?

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Promotion ◽  
Health Prevention ◽  
Policy Documents ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
National Mental Health

This paper explores policy documents published as part of the National Mental Health Strategy for ideas about mental health promotion and prevention, to determine the extent to which these documents adopt a primary health care approach. Discourse analysis was undertaken of key policy documents to discover the manner in which they discuss mental health promotion and prevention. Three points of departure are identified. The first of these is a focus on social and biological risk factors that manifest at an individual rather than at a social level, effectively drawing attention away from social inequalities. These documents also primarily target a population that is viewed as being "at risk" due to exposure to risk factors, shifting attention from strategies aimed at improving the health of the population as a whole. A final difference is found in the understanding of primary health care. Recent policy documents equate primary health care with the first level of service delivery in the community, primarily by general practitioners, shifting the focus of care from mental health promotion with the community to early intervention with those experiencing mental health problems. This is supported by the incorporation of a biomedical understanding into mental health prevention. While recent mental health policy documents re-assert the need for early intervention and health prevention, the form of mental health prevention espoused in these documents differs from that which informed the Declaration of Alma Alta, Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion and World Health Organization's Health for All strategy.

scholarly journals Pharmaceutical care in Brazil’s primary health care

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (suppl.2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Sodré Araújo ◽  
Ediná Alves Costa ◽  
Augusto Afonso Guerra Junior ◽  
Francisco de Assis Acurcio ◽  
Ione Aquemi Guibu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Pharmaceutical Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Educational Activities ◽  
Health Team ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Primary Health

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the activities of clinical nature developed by pharmacists in basic health units and their participation in educational activities aiming at health promotion. METHODS: This article is part of the Pesquisa Nacional sobre Acesso, Utilização e Promoção do Uso Racional de Medicamentos – Serviços, 2015 (PNAUM – National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines – Services, 2015), a cross-sectional and exploratory study, of evaluative nature, consisting of a survey of information in a representative sample of cities, stratified by the Brazilian regions that constitute domains of study, and a subsample of primary health care services. The interviewed pharmacists (n=285) were responsible for the delivery of medicines and were interviewed in person with the use of a script. The characterization of the activities of clinical nature was based on information from pharmacists who declared to perform them, and on participation in educational activities aiming at health promotion, according to information from all pharmacists. The results are presented in frequency and their 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: From the interviewed subjects, 21.3% said they perform activities of clinical nature. Of these, more than 80% considered them very important; the majority does not dispose of specific places to perform them, which hinders privacy and confidentiality in these activities. The main denominations were “pharmaceutical guidance” and “pharmaceutical care.” The registration of activities is mainly made in the users’ medical records, computerized system, and in a specific document filed at the pharmacy, impairing the circulation of information among professionals. Most pharmacists performed these activities mainly along with physicians and nurses; 24.7% rarely participated in meetings with the health team, and 19.7% have never participated. CONCLUSIONS: Activities of clinical nature performed by pharmacists in Brazil are still incipient. The difficulties found point out to the professionals’ improvisation and effort. The small participation in educational activities of health promotion indicates little integration of pharmacists with the health team and of pharmaceutical services with other health actions

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