Phylogeography of theRhabditis(Pellioditis)marinaspecies complex: evidence for long-distance dispersal, and for range expansions and restricted gene flow in the northeast Atlantic

Long-distance dispersal might be an important mechanism for the maintenance of aquatic insect populations in heterogeneous landscapes. However, these events can be difficult to measure by direct observation because the techniques can be time-consuming, expensive and technically difficult. When dispersal results in gene flow within and between populations, patterns of variation can be detected by genetic methods. The levels of population genetic structuring and the relationship between gene flow and geographical distance were assessed in the mayfly species Bungona narilla (Harker, 1957) in rainforest streams in south-east Queensland that are separated by lowland habitats. An analysis of molecular variance based on mitochondrial DNA data, using a fragment of the cytochrome oxidase I gene, revealed significant differentiation between regions, suggesting that maternal gene flow was restricted. A nested clade analysis revealed patterns of historical (contiguous) range expansions and recent restricted gene flow along with some long-distance dispersal events. Our analyses have shown that populations of B. narilla are significantly structured throughout the species range in south-east Queensland and that the low elevation habitats separating the northern and southern populations are restricting gene flow to some extent.

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Genetic relationships of Amaurobioides (Anyphaenidae) spiders from the southeastern coast of New Zealand

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.1425.1.1 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 1425 (1) ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

BRENT D. OPELL ◽

ANDREA M. BERGER ◽

SOPHIA M. BOUS ◽

MICHAEL L. MANNING

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Haplotype Analysis ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Genetic Distances ◽

Restricted Gene Flow ◽

Long Distance Dispersal ◽

Long Distance ◽

Morphological Species ◽

Southern Species ◽

Northeastern Coast

Members of the genus Amaurobioides construct silk retreats in rock crevices of the marine spray zone, a harsh and unusual habitat for spiders. This study expands the distribution records of three morphological species of Amaurobioides found on the eastern and southern coasts of New Zealand’s South Island and uses mitochondrial DNA to examine their relationships and characterize their dispersal capabilities. Both 16S and ND1 sequences distinguish A. pletus found on the northeastern coast from a complex of two southern species comprised of A. maritimus from the mainland and A. picunus from Stewart Island. Neither 16S DNA nor ND1 protein separates these southern species. However, ND1 parsimony and likelihood analyses place 10 of 11 Stewart Island specimens in a clade of low support that nests deeply within A. maritimus. A nested haplotype analysis characterizes A. maritimus and A. picunus populations as having restricted gene flow/dispersal but with some long distance dispersal. Genetic distances between A. pletus and the A. maritimus-A. picunus complex indicate a Pliocene origin, whereas distances between A. maritimus and A. picunus suggest a Pleistocene divergence.

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Hawkmoth Pollination Facilitates Long-distance Pollen Dispersal and Reduces Isolation Across a Gradient of Land-use Change

Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden ◽

10.3417/2019475 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 104 (3) ◽

pp. 495-511 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Krissa A. Skogen ◽

Rick P. Overson ◽

Evan T. Hilpman ◽

Jeremie B. Fant

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Gene Flow ◽

Habitat Fragmentation ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Pollen Dispersal ◽

Suitable Habitat ◽

Long Distance Dispersal ◽

Effective Population ◽

Long Distance ◽

Genetic Diversity And Structure

Land-use change is among the top drivers of global biodiversity loss, which impacts the arrangement and distribution of suitable habitat for species. Population-level effects include increased isolation, decreased population size, and changes to mutualistic and antagonistic interactions. However, the extent to which species are impacted is determined by life history characteristics including dispersal. In plants, mating dynamics can be changed in ways that can negatively impact population persistence if dispersal of pollen and/or seed is disrupted. Long-distance dispersal has the potential to buffer species from the negative impacts of land-use change. Biotic vectors of long-distance dispersal have been less frequently studied, though specific taxa are known to travel great distances. Here, we describe population genetic diversity and structure in a sphingophilous species that is experiencing habitat fragmentation through land-use change, Oenothera harringtonii W. L. Wagner, Stockh. & W. M. Klein (Onagraceae). We use 12 nuclear and four plastid microsatellite markers and show that pollen dispersal by hawkmoths drives high gene flow and low population differentiation despite a range-wide gradient of land-use change and habitat fragmentation. By separating the contributions of pollen and seed dispersal to gene flow, we show that most of the genetic parameters are driven by hawkmoth-facilitated long-distance pollen dispersal, but populations with small, effective population sizes experience higher levels of relatedness and inbreeding. We discuss considerations for conservation efforts for this and other species that are pollinated by long-distance dispersers.

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Sexual Reproduction and Gene Flow in the Pine Pathogen Dothistroma septosporum in British Columbia

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto-04-10-0121 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 101 (1) ◽

pp. 68-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

A. L. Dale ◽

K. J. Lewis ◽

B. W. Murray

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Gene Flow ◽

Sexual Reproduction ◽

Mating Type ◽

Random Mating ◽

Long Distance Dispersal ◽

Long Distance ◽

Data Set ◽

Haplotypic Diversity ◽

Dothistroma Septosporum

Dothistroma septosporum has caused a serious needle blight epidemic in the lodgepole pine forests in northwest British Columbia over the past several years. Although ascocarps had been observed in British Columbia, nothing was known about the contribution of sexual reproduction, gene flow and long-distance dispersal to the epidemic. Amplified fragment length polymorphism and mating-type markers in 19 sites were used to generate population and reproductive data. Overall, evidence suggests a mixed mode of reproduction. Haplotypic diversity was high, with 79 unique and 56 shared haplotypes (possible clones) identified from 192 fungal isolates. Overall, mating-type segregation did not differ significantly from 1:1; however, random mating was rejected in most populations in the index of association and parsimony tree-length permutation analyses using the full data set and, when using clone-corrected data sets, more of the smaller populations showed random mating. Two of the smaller populations consistently showed random mating for both tests using both clone-corrected and noncorrected data. High gene flow is suggested by no differentiation between 14 of the 19 sites, several of which came from young plantations where the pathogen was not likely present prior to the current outbreak. The remaining five sites showed some level of divergence, possibly due to historic separation and endemic pathogen populations. Results indicate a high evolutionary potential and long-distance dispersal in this pathogen, important to consider in future forest management.

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Genetic variation in the emblematic Puya raimondii (Bromeliaceae) from Huascarán National Park, Peru

Cropp Breeding and Applied Biotechnology ◽

10.1590/s1984-70332013000100008 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 67-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Claudia Teresa Hornung-Leoni ◽

Victoria Sosa ◽

June Simpson ◽

Katia Gil

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Cluster Analysis ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

Gene Flow ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

National Park ◽

Conservation Strategies ◽

Long Distance Dispersal ◽

Long Distance ◽

Mountain Systems

Puya raimondii, the giant Peruvian and Bolivian terrestrial bromeliad, is an emblematic endemic Andean species well represented in Huascarán National Park in Peru. This park is the largest reserve of puna (high altitude plateau) vegetation. The objective of this study is to report on genetic variation in populations of P. raimondii from Huascarán and neighboring areas. AFLP profiles with four selective primer combinations were retrieved for 60 individuals from different zones. Genetic variability was estimated and a total of 172 bands were detected, of which 79.1% were polymorphic loci. The results showed genetic differentiation among populations, and gene flow. A cluster analysis showed that individuals of P. raimondii populations located in different mountain systems could be grouped together, suggesting long distance dispersal. Thus, conservation strategies for P. raimondii have to take into account exchange between populations located far apart in distance in order to preserve the genetic diversity of this showy species.

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On the persistence and dispersal of transantarctic Hepaticae

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b79-271 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 57 (20) ◽

pp. 2179-2225 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Rudolf M. Schuster

Keyword(s):

Gene Flow ◽

Southern Hemisphere ◽

Short Range ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Disjunct Distribution ◽

Long Distance Dispersal ◽

Long Distance ◽

Disjunct Populations ◽

Geological Background

The dispersal of a considerable number, if not the vast majority, of southern hemisphere Hepaticae chiefly belonging to "old" families and suborders can be visualized as resulting primarily from short-range or "step-wise" dispersal, as part of structural communities, before the final disassembly of the presently fragmented Gondwanaland. Often with the disruption of gene flow, disjunct populations of once continuously distributed Gondwanalandic taxa have undergone speciation, in most cases as physical disruption occurred. Significant relict and disjunct distribution patterns for 21 hepatic taxa are mapped and discussed. A discussion of (i) rate of speciation and genus formation, (ii) efficiency of long-distance dispersal, and (iii) the geological background is presented with the purpose of explaining the origins of antipodal distribution patterns within the Hepaticae.

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Long distance dispersal and vertical gene flow in the Caribbean brooding coral Porites astreoides

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/srep21619 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Xaymara M. Serrano ◽

Iliana B. Baums ◽

Tyler B. Smith ◽

Ross J. Jones ◽

Tonya L. Shearer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Flow ◽

Long Distance Dispersal ◽

Long Distance ◽

Porites Astreoides ◽

The Caribbean ◽

Brooding Coral

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Limited long-distance dispersal success in a Western European fairy shrimp evidenced by nuclear and mitochondrial lineage structuring

Current Zoology ◽

10.1093/cz/zoz054 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 66 (3) ◽

pp. 227-237

Author(s):

Paula C Rodríguez-Flores ◽

Ernesto Recuero ◽

Yolanda Jiménez-Ruiz ◽

Mario García-París

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Gene Flow ◽

Iberian Peninsula ◽

Isolation By Distance ◽

Local Scale ◽

Long Distance Dispersal ◽

Evolutionary Potential ◽

Long Distance ◽

Widespread Species ◽

Spatio Temporal

Abstract Anostraca are known by their ability for long-distance dispersal, but the existence in several species of deep, geographically structured mtDNA lineages suggests their populations are subjected to allopatric differentiation, isolation, and prevalence of local scale dispersion. Tanymastix stagnalis is one of the most widespread species of Anostraca and previous studies revealed an unclear geographical pattern of mtDNA genetic diversity. Here, we analyze populations from the Iberian and Italian Peninsulas, Central Europe, and Scandinavia, with the aim to characterize the patterns of genetic diversity in a spatio-temporal framework using mtDNA and nuclear markers to test gene flow among close populations. For these aims we built a time-calibrated phylogeny and carried out Bayesian phylogeographic analyses using a continuous diffusion model. Our results indicated that T. stagnalis presents a deeply structured genetic diversity, including 7 ancient lineages, some of them even predating the Pleistocene. The Iberian Peninsula harbors high diversity of lineages, with strong isolation and recent absence of gene flow between populations. Dispersal at local scale seems to be the prevailing dispersal mode of T. stagnalis, which exhibits a pattern of isolation-by-distance in the Iberian Peninsula. We remark the vulnerability of most of these lineages, given the limited known geographic distribution of some of them, and the high risk of losing important evolutionary potential for the species.

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