Peroxidase isozyme analysis of factors involved in development of symptoms in Nicotiana clevelandii infected by plum pox virus

ABSTRACT Serine and threonine of many nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins are posttranslationally modified with O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc). This modification is made by O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferases (OGTs). Genetic and biochemical data have demonstrated the existence of two OGTs of Arabidopsis thaliana, SECRET AGENT (SEC) and SPINDLY (SPY), with at least partly overlapping functions, but there is little information on their target proteins. The N terminus of the capsid protein (CP) of Plum pox virus (PPV) isolated from Nicotiana clevelandii is O-GlcNAc modified. We show here that O-GlcNAc modification of PPV CP also takes place in other plant hosts, N. benthamiana and Arabidopsis. PPV was able to infect the Arabidopsis OGT mutants sec-1, sec-2, and spy-3, but at early times of the infection, both rate of virus spread and accumulation were reduced in sec-1 and sec-2 relative to spy-3 and wild-type plants. By matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry, we determined that a 39-residue tryptic peptide from the N terminus of CP of PPV purified from the spy-3 mutant, but not sec-1 or sec-2, was O-GlcNAc modified, suggesting that SEC but not SPY modifies the capsid. While our results indicate that O-GlcNAc modification of PPV CP by SEC is not essential for infection, they show that the modification has a role(s) in the process.

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Coat protein mediated resistance to Plum Pox Virus in Nicotiana clevelandii and N. benthamiana

Plant Cell Reports ◽

10.1007/bf00231835 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 30-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Ferdinand Regner ◽

Artur da Câmara Machado ◽

Margit Laimer da Câmara Machado ◽

Herta Steinkellner ◽

Diethard Mattanovich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coat Protein ◽

Plum Pox Virus ◽

Coat Protein Mediated Resistance ◽

Nicotiana Clevelandii

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Spiraea sp. new natural host of Plum pox virus (Sharka)

European Journal of Plant Pathology ◽

10.1007/s10658-021-02206-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Damián Pigliónico ◽

María Eva Ojeda ◽

Vanesa Lucero ◽

Roberto Farrando ◽

Laura Porcel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural Host ◽

Plum Pox Virus

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Metagenomic Analysis of Marigold: Mixed Infection Including Two New Viruses

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13071254 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 1254

Author(s):

Hang Yin ◽

Zheng Dong ◽

Xulong Wang ◽

Shuhao Lu ◽

Fei Xia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Mosaic Virus ◽

Complete Genome ◽

Plum Pox Virus ◽

Cryptic Virus ◽

Sequence Identity ◽

Complete Genome Sequence Analysis ◽

Wilt Virus ◽

Broad Bean Wilt Virus

Marigold plants with symptoms of mosaic, crinkle, leaf curl and necrosis were observed and small RNA and ribo-depleted total RNA deep sequencing were conducted to identify the associated viruses. Broad bean wilt virus 2, cucumber mosaic virus, turnip mosaic virus, a new potyvirus tentatively named marigold mosaic virus (MMV) and a new partitivirus named as marigold cryptic virus (MCV) were finally identified. Complete genome sequence analysis showed MMV was 9811 nt in length, encoding a large polyprotein with highest aa sequence identity (57%) with the putative potyvirus polygonatumkingianum virus 1. Phylogenetic analysis with the definite potyviruses based on the polyprotein sequence showed MMV clustered closest to plum pox virus. The complete genome of MCV comprised of dsRNA1 (1583 bp) and dsRNA2 (1459 bp), encoding the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), and coat protein (CP), respectively. MCV RdRp shared the highest (75.7%) aa sequence identity with the unclassified partitivirus ambrosia cryptic virus 2, and 59.0%, 57.1%, 56.1%, 54.5% and 33.7% with the corresponding region of the definite delta-partitiviruses, pepper cryptic virus 2, beet cryptic virus 3, beet cryptic virus 2, pepper cryptic virus 1 and fig cryptic virus, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on the RdRp aa sequence showed MCV clustered into the delta-partitivirus group. These findings enriched our knowledge of viruses infecting marigold, but the association of the observed symptom and the identified viruses and the biological characterization of the new viruses should be further investigated.

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Differentiation and genetic variability in natural populations of Anopheles (N.) triannulatus (Neiva& Pinto, 1922) of Brazilian Amazonia

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/s1519-69842004000200019 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 327-336 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

J. M. M. Santos ◽

J. F. Maia ◽

W. P. Tadei

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Natural Populations ◽

Isozyme Analysis ◽

Brazilian Amazonia ◽

F Statistics

Populations of Anopheles triannulatus from Macapá (AP), Aripuanã (MT), Ji-Paraná (RO), and Manaus-Janauari Lake (AM) were studied using 16 enzymatic loci. The results of the isozyme analysis showed that the population of Macapá presented higher polymorphism (56.3%). The lowest variability was observed in the population of Manaus (p = 25.0; Ho = 0.077 ± 0.046). The results of Wright's F statistics showed unbalance due to excess of homozygotes (Fis > Fst), denoting a certain intrapopulational differentiation. Although the populations are genetically very close (D = 0.003 - 0.052), the dendrogram separates the populations in two groups: Macapá separated from that of Manaus, Ji-Paraná, and Aripuanã. This result may suggest a reduction in the genic flow, which possibly had some influence in the substructuration of the populations.

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Biotech/GM crops in horticulture: plum cv. HoneySweet resistant to Plum pox virus

Plant Protection Science ◽

10.17221/37/2012-pps ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 48 (Special Issue) ◽

pp. S43-S48 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

J. Polák ◽

J. Kumar ◽

B. Krška ◽

M. Ravelonandro

Keyword(s):

Tree Breeding ◽

Fruit Tree ◽

Eating Quality ◽

Plum Pox Virus ◽

Infection Pressure ◽

Public Sector Research ◽

The Usa ◽

Chlorotic Leaf ◽

High Level ◽

And Control

Commercialisation of Biotech/GM (Biotech) crops started in 1995. Not only field crops, but also horticultural transgenic crops are under development and are beginning to be commercialised. Genetic engineering has the potential to revolutionise fruit tree breeding. The development of transgenic fruit cultivars is in progress. Over the past 20 years an international public sector research team has collaborated in the development of HoneySweet plum which is highly resistant to Plum pox virus (PPV) the most devastating disease of plums and other stone fruits. HoneySweet was deregulated in the USA in 2010. HoneySweet (aka C5) has been evaluated for eleven years (2002–2012) in a regulated field trial in the CzechRepublic for the resistance to PPV, Prune dwarf virus (PDV), and Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), all of them being serious diseases of plum. Even under the high and permanent infection pressure produced through grafting, PPV has only been detected in HoneySweet trees in several leaves and fruits situated close to the point of inoculum grafting. The lack of infection spread in HoneySweet demonstrates its high level of PPV resistance. Co-infections of PPV with PDV and/or ACLSV had practically no influence on the quantity and quality of HoneySweet fruit which are large, sweet, and of a high eating quality. In many respects, they are superior to the fruits of the well-known cultivar Stanley. Many fruit growers and fruit tree nurseries in the CzechRepublic are supportive of the deregulation of HoneySweet plum to help improve the plum production and control the spread of PPV.

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Molecular Analysis of a Plum pox virus W Isolate in Plum Germplasm Hand Carried into the USA from the Ukraine Shows a Close Relationship to a Latvian Isolate

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-01-12-0104-re ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 97 (1) ◽

pp. 44-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Vessela Mavrodieva ◽

Delano James ◽

Karen Williams ◽

Sarika Negi ◽

Aniko Varga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Genetic Diversity ◽

The United States ◽

Common Source ◽

Plum Pox Virus ◽

High Genetic Diversity ◽

Close Relationship ◽

The Usa ◽

Sequence Identities ◽

Germplasm Accessions

Four of 19 Prunus germplasm accessions hand carried from the Ukraine into the United States without authorization were found to be infected with Plum pox virus (PPV). Of the three isolates characterized, isolates UKR 44189 and UKR 44191 were confirmed to be isolates of PPV strain W, and UKR 44188 was confirmed to be an isolate of PPV strain D. UKR 44189 and UKR 44191 are very closely related to the PPV strain W isolate LV-145bt (HQ670748) from Latvia. Nucleotide and amino acid sequence identities between these three isolates were greater than 99%. This indicates that the isolates are very closely related and likely originated from a common source. The high genetic diversity among PPV-W strain isolates allowed the identification of potential recombination events between PPV isolates. It appears also that GF 305 peach and Prunus tomentosa are not hosts for the PPV isolate UKR 44189.

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Taxonomy of Penicillium chrysogenum and related xerophilic species, based on isozyme analysis

Mycological Research ◽

10.1017/s0953756296003048 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 101 (5) ◽

pp. 617-624 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Søren Banke ◽

Jens C. Frisvad ◽

Søren Rosendahl

Keyword(s):

Penicillium Chrysogenum ◽

Isozyme Analysis

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