Long-term and short-term evaluation of esophageal reconstruction using the colon or the jejunum in esophageal cancer patients after gastrectomy

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Doki ◽  
K. Okada ◽  
H. Miyata ◽  
M. Yamasaki ◽  
Y. Fujiwara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Esophageal Reconstruction ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Evaluation ◽  
Term Evaluation

scholarly journals Efficacy of a bystander intervention for preventing dating violence in Brazilian adolescents: short-term evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Brito dos Santos ◽  
Sheila Giardini Murta ◽  
Luis Gustavo do Amaral Vinha ◽  
Juliana Silva de Deus
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Dating Violence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Brazilian Sample ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Short Term Evaluation ◽  
Term Evaluation ◽  
Brazilian Culture

Abstract Peers are the preferred source of help for Brazilian adolescents who experience dating violence. However, they are not always the best informants for effective responses for dealing with situations of violence in romantic relationships among peers. This experimental study aimed to evaluate the short-term efficacy of three aspects of a peer- and bystander approach-based intervention: the intent to offer help, empathy, and bystander attitudes in response to dating violence in a Brazilian sample of adolescents. The study’s participants were 33 adolescents randomized in two groups: experimental group (EG, n = 14) and control group (CG, n = 19). The EG underwent three weekly intervention sessions of 90 min each on the healthy versus violent romantic relationships, the quality of friendship in the peer network, and the role of the bystander, while the CG received no intervention. Evaluations were performed 1 week before and two and half months after the intervention. Statistically significant differences between EG and CG at post-test were not found in intention to help, empathy, and bystander attitudes. Future studies should include evaluations of larger samples and mid- and long-term follow-ups to identify patterns of change over the long term as well as examine barriers to utilization of bystander behaviors by adolescents in Brazilian culture.

scholarly journals Selecting esophageal cancer patients for lymphadenectomy after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: a modeling study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. e000027
Author(s):  
Mirre Scholte ◽  
Didi JJM de Gouw ◽  
Bastiaan R Klarenbeek ◽  
Janneke PC Grutters ◽  
Camiel Rosman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Life Years

ObjectivesTwo-thirds of patients do not harbor lymph node (LN) metastases after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). Our aim was to explore under which circumstances a selective lymph node dissection (LND) strategy, which selects patients for LND based on the restaging results after nCRT, has added value compared with standard LND in esophageal cancer.DesignA decision tree with state-transition model was developed. Input data on short-term and long-term consequences were derived from literature. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess promising scenarios and uncertainty.SettingDutch healthcare system.ParticipantsHypothetical cohort of esophageal cancer patients who have already received nCRT and are scheduled for esophagectomy.InterventionsA standard LND cohort was compared with a cohort of patients that received selective LND based on the restaging results after nCRT.Main outcome measuresQuality-adjusted life years (QALYs), residual LN metastases and LND-related complications.ResultsSelective LND could have short-term benefits, that is, a decrease in the number of performed LNDs and LND-related complications. However, this may not outweigh a slight increase in residual LN metastases which negatively impacts QALYs in the long-term. To accomplish equal QALYs as with standard LND, a new surgical strategy should have the same or higher treatment success rate as standard LND, that is, should show equal or less recurrences due to residual LN metastases.ConclusionsThe reduction in LND-related complications that is accomplished by selecting patients for LND based on restaging results after nCRT seems not to outweigh a QALY loss in the long-term due to residual LN metastases. Despite the short-term advantages of selective LND, this strategy can only match long-term QALYs of standard LND when its success rate equals the success rate of standard LND.

scholarly journals Non-invasive monitoring of pH and oxygen using miniaturized electrochemical sensors in an animal model of acute hypoxia

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Pla ◽  
Sergio Berdún ◽  
Mònica Mir ◽  
Lourders Rivas ◽  
Sandrine Miserere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Acute Hypoxia ◽  
Fetal Hypoxia ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Evaluation ◽  
Term Evaluation

Abstract Background One of the most prevalent causes of fetal hypoxia leading to stillbirth is placental insufficiency. Hemodynamic changes evaluated with Doppler ultrasound have been used as a surrogate marker of fetal hypoxia. However, Doppler evaluation cannot be performed continuously. As a first step, the present work aimed to evaluate the performance of miniaturized electrochemical sensors in the continuous monitoring of oxygen and pH changes in a model of acute hypoxia-acidosis. Methods pH and oxygen electrochemical sensors were evaluated in a ventilatory hypoxia rabbit model. The ventilator hypoxia protocol included 3 differential phases: basal (100% FiO2), the hypoxia-acidosis period (10% FiO2) and recovery (100% FiO2). Sensors were tested in blood tissue (ex vivo sensing) and in muscular tissue (in vivo sensing). pH electrochemical and oxygen sensors were evaluated on the day of insertion (short-term evaluation) and pH electrochemical sensors were also tested after 5 days of insertion (long-term evaluation). pH and oxygen sensing were registered throughout the ventilatory hypoxia protocol (basal, hypoxia-acidosis, and recovery) and were compared with blood gas metabolites results from carotid artery catheterization (obtained with the EPOC blood analyzer). Finally, histological assessment was performed on the sensor insertion site. One-way ANOVA was used for the analysis of the evolution of acid-based metabolites and electrochemical sensor signaling results; a t-test was used for pre- and post-calibration analyses; and chi-square analyses for categorical variables. Results At the short-term evaluation, both the pH and oxygen electrochemical sensors distinguished the basal and hypoxia-acidosis periods in both the in vivo and ex vivo sensing. However, only the ex vivo sensing detected the recovery period. In the long-term evaluation, the pH electrochemical sensor signal seemed to lose sensibility. Finally, histological assessment revealed no signs of alteration on the day of evaluation (short-term), whereas in the long-term evaluation a sub-acute inflammatory reaction adjacent to the implantation site was detected. Conclusions Miniaturized electrochemical sensors represent a new generation of tools for the continuous monitoring of hypoxia-acidosis, which is especially indicated in high-risk pregnancies. Further studies including more tissue-compatible material would be required in order to improve long-term electrochemical sensing.

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Monitoring of pH and Oxygen Using Miniaturized Electrochemical Sensors in an Animal Model of Acute Hypoxia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Pla Codina ◽  
Sergio Berdún ◽  
Mònica Mir ◽  
Lourders Rivas ◽  
Sandrine Miserere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Acute Hypoxia ◽  
Fetal Hypoxia ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Evaluation ◽  
Term Evaluation

Abstract BackgroundOne of the most prevalent causes of fetal hypoxia leading to stillbirth is placental insufficiency. Hemodynamic changes evaluated with Doppler ultrasound have been used as a surrogate marker of fetal hypoxia. However, Doppler evaluation cannot be performed continuously. As a first step, the present work aimed to evaluate the performance of miniaturized electrochemical sensors in continuous monitoring of oxygen and pH changes in a model of acute hypoxia-acidosis. MethodspH and oxygen electrochemical sensors were evaluated in a ventilatory hypoxia rabbit model. The ventilator hypoxia protocol included three differential phases: basal (100% FiO2), hypoxia-acidosis period (10% FiO2) and recovery (100% FiO2). Sensors were tested in blood tissue (ex vivo sensing) and in the muscular tissue (in vivo sensing). pH electrochemical and oxygen sensors were evaluated at the same day of insertion (short-term evaluation) and pH electrochemical sensors were also tested after 5 days of insertion (long-term evaluation). pH and oxygen sensing were registered during all the ventilatory hypoxia protocol (basal, hypoxia-acidosis and recovery) and were compared with blood gas metabolites results from carotid artery catheterization (EPOC® blood analyzer). Finally, histological assessment was performed on the site of the sensor’s insertion. One-way ANOVA was used for the analysis of the evolution of acid-based metabolites and electrochemical sensor signaling results; T-test was used for pre and post calibration analyses; and chi-square analyses for categorical variables. ResultsAt the short-term evaluation, both pH and oxygen electrochemical sensors distinguished the basal and hypoxia-acidosis periods in the in vivo and ex vivo sensing. However, only the ex vivo sensing detected recovery period. At the long-term evaluation, pH electromechanical sensor signal seemed to lose sensibility. Finally, histological assessment revealed no signs of alteration at the same day of evaluation (short-term), whereas at the long-term evaluation sub-acute inflammatory reaction adjacent to the site of the implantation was detected. ConclusionsThe use of miniaturized electrochemical sensors open a new generation of tools for continuous monitoring of hypoxia-acidosis, especially indicated in high risk pregnancies. Further studies including more tissue-compatible material would be required in order to improve the long-term electromechanical sensing.

scholarly journals Gender Issues and Women’s Agency in Involuntary Resettlement: The Tokuyama Dam in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Shuichi Yamazawa ◽  
Kanae Moriya
Keyword(s):  
Common Property ◽  
Gender Issues ◽  
Dam Construction ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Productive Activities ◽  
Married Men ◽  
Short Term Evaluation ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Term Evaluation

This research evaluates the Tokuyama dam resettlement in Japan through the short-term from a gender perspective using the IRR and PAR models. Moreover, this research also evaluates the resettlement and clarifies the changes in women’s jobs in the long-term. As for short-term evaluation, the risks that women faced during the negotiation period and after resettlement are categorized into three issues: landlessness, joblessness, and loss of access to common property assets. Women have tried to solve these issues with agency, although they are usually recognized as passive victims in the context of forced displacement. In addition, the attitudes of “dam brides”—those who married men originally from Tokuyama in the period immediately prior to the dam construction and subsequent resettlement—were different from women originally from Tokuyama village. As for the long-term evaluation, changes of women’s productive activities are mainly categorized into three patterns: part-time jobs, sewing jobs as side work, and farming.

Effect of Thrombocytopenia on Short-term and Long-term Outcomes after Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 327-334
Author(s):  
Takashi Matsumoto ◽  
Naoya Yoshida ◽  
Yoshifumi Baba ◽  
Yohei Nagai ◽  
Hideo Baba
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Short Term

scholarly journals Gut microbiome diversity is an independent predictor of survival in cervical cancer patients receiving chemoradiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis T. Sims ◽  
Molly B. El Alam ◽  
Tatiana V. Karpinets ◽  
Stephanie Dorta-Estremera ◽  
Venkatesh L. Hegde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Compositional Variation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Microbiome Diversity ◽  
Term Survivor

AbstractDiversity of the gut microbiome is associated with higher response rates for cancer patients receiving immunotherapy but has not been investigated in patients receiving radiation therapy. Additionally, current studies investigating the gut microbiome and outcomes in cancer patients may not have adjusted for established risk factors. Here, we sought to determine if diversity and composition of the gut microbiome was independently associated with survival in cervical cancer patients receiving chemoradiation. Our study demonstrates that the diversity of gut microbiota is associated with a favorable response to chemoradiation. Additionally, compositional variation among patients correlated with short term and long-term survival. Short term survivor fecal samples were significantly enriched in Porphyromonas, Porphyromonadaceae, and Dialister, whereas long term survivor samples were significantly enriched in Escherichia Shigella, Enterobacteriaceae, and Enterobacteriales. Moreover, analysis of immune cells from cervical tumor brush samples by flow cytometry revealed that patients with a high microbiome diversity had increased tumor infiltration of CD4+ lymphocytes as well as activated subsets of CD4 cells expressing ki67+ and CD69+ over the course of radiation therapy. Modulation of the gut microbiota before chemoradiation might provide an alternative way to enhance treatment efficacy and improve treatment outcomes in cervical cancer patients.

scholarly journals Short-term Evaluation of Synovectomy in Haemophilia

BMJ ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 2 (5810) ◽  
pp. 378-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Pietrogrande ◽  
N. Dioguardi ◽  
P. M. Mannucci
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Evaluation ◽  
Term Evaluation
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