The International Prostate Symptom Score in a community-based sample of men between 55 and 74 years of age: prevalence and correlation of symptoms with age, prostate volume, flow rate and residual urine volume

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 622-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L.H.R. Bosch ◽  
W.C.J. Hop ◽  
W.J. Kirkels ◽  
F.H. Schröder
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Score ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
International Prostate Symptom Score ◽  
Prostate Volume ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Residual Urine Volume ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Residual Urine

scholarly journals Clinical Significance of Intravesical Prostatic Protrusion in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghanshyam Sigdel ◽  
WK Belokar
Keyword(s):  
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Symptom Score ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
International Prostate Symptom Score ◽  
Prostate Volume ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Residual Urine ◽  
Intravesical Prostatic Protrusion

INTRODUCTION: Intravesical prostatic protrusion is a morphological change due to excessive growth of the median and lateral lobes of the prostate into the bladder in benign prostatic hyperplasia. It causes a 'ball-valve' type of obstruction during voiding. It is a useful parameter to assess the severity of the disease process, selection of treatment modality and its possible outcome in benign prostatic hyperplasia.MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective, non-randomized, observational study was carried out from January 2014 to June 2014 in the Department of Urology, College of Medical Sciences, Nepal. Total of 50 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were evaluated to assess the correlation of intravesical prostatic protrusion with international prostate symptom score, prostate volume, maximum flow rate and post void residual urine. Correlation between parameters of interest was quantified with Pearson correlation test.RESULTS: A positive correlation was demonstrated between intravesical prostatic protrusion, international prostate symptom score, prostate volume and post void residual urine. There was a negative correlation between intravesical prostatic protrusion and maximum flow rate.CONCLUSION: Intravesical prostatic protrusion is correlated with international prostate symptom score, prostate volume, maximum flow rate, and post void residual urine volume and hence can be used to assess the severity of benign prostatic hyperplasia.Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences Vol. 3, No. 1, 2015: 6-10

Comparative nephron function in reptiles, birds, and mammals

1980 ◽  
Vol 239 (3) ◽  
pp. R197-R213 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Dantzler ◽  
E. J. Braun
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Antidiuretic Hormone ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Acid Urine ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
Tubular Absorption ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Volume and osmolarity of urine produced by kidneys of reptiles, birds, and mammals depend on anatomic relationships among nephrons, epithelial permeability to water controlled by antidiuretic hormone, and, for reptiles and birds, probably on volume flow rate through collecting ducts and excretion of uric acid. Urine volume and volume flow rate through collecting ducts in reptiles and birds depend on number of filtering nephrons controlled by antidiuretic hormone. Mammalian nephrons do not filter intermittently but control of nephron filtration rates in all three vertebrate classes may have important similarities and differences. Uric acid excretion by birds and many reptiles permits excretion of inorganic cations in excess of amounts permitted by osmolarity of urine. This process may require tubular absorption of water without sodium. Such absorption, which has been found in reptilian proximal tubules, may be very important for osmoregulation in all birds and uricotelic reptiles and may provide insight into the mechanism of fluid absorption in mammals. Urea excretion in mammals may be important for enhancing concentrating ability. Much more must be learned about these processes, but similarities and differences among them in the three vertebrate classes may help illuminate details of each.

scholarly journals The Effect of Different Metabolic Syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orhan Ünal Zorba ◽  
Hakkı Uzun ◽  
Görkem Akça ◽  
Selim Yazar
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Symptom Score ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
International Prostate Symptom Score ◽  
Prostate Volume ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Urinary Flow Rate ◽  
Urinary Flow ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Maximum Urinary Flow

Because various criteria are used to define metabolic syndrome (MetS), this study examines the most relevant definition for patients with benign prostatic enlargement (BPE). Most studies regarding the link between MetS and BPE/lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) have used the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria for diagnosis, while a few have used criteria from the International Diabetes Federation and/or American Heart Association. Patients with LUTS due to BPE are classified as having MetS or not by the aforementioned three definitions. Prostate volume, International Prostate Symptom Score, storage and voiding subscores, maximum urinary flow rate, and the postvoid urine of patients with and without MetS were compared separately in the three different groups. Surgical and medical treatment prevalence was also compared between three groups. No matter which definition was used, the International Prostate Symptom Score, the storage and voiding symptom scores, prostate volume, prostate-specific antigen, and postvoid urine were significantly higher in the patients with MetS. The maximum urinary flow rate was similar between patients with and without MetS, according to all three different definitions. There was no significant difference in the aforementioned parameter between patients with MetS diagnosed with the three different definitions. Irrespective of which definition was used, the surgical treatment rate was not significantly different in patients diagnosed with than without MetS, or between the patients with MetS diagnosed with the three different definitions. The authors suggest that it does not matter which of the aforementioned three definitions is used during the evaluation of MetS in men with BPE/LUTS.

scholarly journals 15 years’ survey of safety and efficacy of Serenoa repens extract in benign prostatic hyperplasia patients with risk of progression

2018 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Zinovievich Vinarov ◽  
Leonid Grigorievich Spivak ◽  
Darina Vladimirovna Platonova ◽  
Leonid Mikhailovich Rapoport ◽  
Dmitry Olegovich Korolev
Keyword(s):  
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Prostate Volume ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Term Therapy ◽  
Serenoa Repens ◽  
Residual Urine Volume ◽  
Residual Urine ◽  
Study Results

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of long-term therapy with Serenoa repens extract with regard to halting benign prostatic hyperplasia progression. Material and methods: An open non-comparative observational study of the continuous use of S. repens plant extract at a dosage of 320 mg once a day for 15 years was performed in 30 patients at risk for benign prostatic hyperplasia progression. Changes in IPSS (International Prostatic Symptoms Scale) and QoL (Quality of life) scores and changes in Qmax, voided volume, residual urine volume, and prostate volume were evaluated during the study. Results: The study showed an absence of progression based on both subjective (the sum of scores on the IPSS and QoL scales) and objective (prostate volume, urination rate, residual urine volume) criteria. Furthermore, the patients had no adverse events related to the study drug, including prostate cancer. Conclusions: The 15 years’ study results suggest that taking S. repens plant extract continuously at a daily dose of 320 mg is an effective and safe way to prevent the progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

scholarly journals Ultrasonographic study of comparison of prostate volume and post void residual urine with age in north Indian population

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
Tahsin Munsif ◽  
Syed Shabeeh Haider ◽  
Vineeta Tewari ◽  
Mariyam Fatima ◽  
Pradeep Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Volume ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Residual Urine Volume ◽  
Outflow Obstruction ◽  
Residual Urine ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prostate Size

Background: As men’s life expectancy increases, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the significant cause of morbidity. BPH generally involves the central region of the prostate which gradually enlarges. Due to the central hypertrophic change of prostate the urethra is compressed and urinary outflow obstruction develops. Predictive risk factors associated with chance of developing urinary retention includes age, symptoms, urinary flow rate and prostate size. Estimation of accurate intravesical, residual urine has significant importance and serves as an index of adequacy of bladder emptying. Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to measure the post void residual urine volume with age in Prostate outflow obstruction and compare the prostate volume and post void residual urine with age by ultrasonography. Materials and Methods: The present study was performed in 100 patients. Transrectal ultrasonography was performed using 7.5 MHZ transrectal probe. Prostate volume was calculated with the help of inbuilt software, by measuring 3 dimensions of prostate in transverse and longitudinal sections. Transabdominal suprapubic ultrasound was done to measure post void residual urine. Results: It was seen that in the lower age groups, the prostate size was smaller, while in the higher age group it was higher (p>0.001). Minimum post void residual urine was seen in age group of 40-49 years (3.42 -+2.23ml). while maximum mean value was seen in the 70-79 years of age. Statistically a significant difference in mean was seen among different age groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between age and post void residual urine volume and prostatic volume. The present study showed that PVRUV is a novel accurate non-invasive test for predicting prostate biopsyoutcome that can easily be used by clinicians, alone or in combination with Prostate Volume in the decision-making for treatment.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF INTERMITTENT AND DAILY DOXAZOSIN THERAPY FOR LUTS ASSOCIATED WITH BPH

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heru Nurdianto ◽  
Sabilal Alif ◽  
Tarmono Tarmono
Keyword(s):  
International Prostate Symptom Score ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Intermittent Therapy ◽  
Urinary Flow ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
Residual Urine Volume ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Therapy Efficacy ◽  
Residual Urine ◽  
Group I

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of intermittent doxazosin therapy on LUTS associated BPH. Material  & Method: This study was performed between January to April 2010 enrolling 20 patients with LUTS associated BPH. Study subjects were randomly allocated to 2 therapeutic groups. The first group was assigned daily doxazosin therapy (11 patients), while the second group was assigned intermittent doxazosin therapy (9 patients). Initially all subjects were given doxazosin 2 mg daily for 2 weeks. Subsequently group I received doxazosin 2 mg daily therapy, while group II received doxazosin 2 mg every other day. All medications were taken up to 12 weeks. Outcomes were evaluated prior to therapy, and after 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks of therapy. Efficacy of doxazosin therapy was measured by International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), peak urinary flow rate (Q max), and residual urine volume. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate difference in efficacy between the treatment groups. Results: Daily doxazosin therapy for 2 weeks resulted in significant improvement of Q max and IPSS. After 4, 8, and 12 weeks significant improvement was maintained in both daily and intermittent groups, as measured by Q max, residual urine volume and IPSS. There were no significant differences in Q max, residual urine volume, and IPSS between the daily and intermittent groups at 4, 8, and 12 groups. Conclusion: There were significant improvements of Q max, residual urine and IPSS at 2 to 12 weeks in daily as well as intermittent doxazosin therapy groups. There were no significant differences in efficacy between daily and intermittent therapy groups

Novel epoxy/anhydride alternatives for biological electron microscopy: Physical and performance characteristis of embed 812 and LX 112 in combination with NSA/NMA/DMAE

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 1000-1001
Author(s):  
Joe A. Mascorro ◽  
Gerald S. Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Succinic Anhydride ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Base Resin ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Acid Anhydrides

Embedding media based upon an epoxy resin of choice and the acid anhydrides dodecenyl succinic anhydride (DDSA), nadic methyl anhydride (NMA), and catalyzed by the tertiary amine 2,4,6-Tri(dimethylaminomethyl) phenol (DMP-30) are widely used in biological electron microscopy. These media possess a viscosity character that can impair tissue infiltration, particularly if original Epon 812 is utilized as the base resin. Other resins that are considerably less viscous than Epon 812 now are available as replacements. Likewise, nonenyl succinic anhydride (NSA) and dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) are more fluid than their counterparts DDSA and DMP- 30 commonly used in earlier formulations. This work utilizes novel epoxy and anhydride combinations in order to produce embedding media with desirable flow rate and viscosity parameters that, in turn, would allow the medium to optimally infiltrate tissues. Specifically, embeding media based on EmBed 812 or LX 112 with NSA (in place of DDSA) and DMAE (replacing DMP-30), with NMA remaining constant, are formulated and offered as alternatives for routine biological work.Individual epoxy resins (Table I) or complete embedding media (Tables II-III) were tested for flow rate and viscosity. The novel media were further examined for their ability to infilftrate tissues, polymerize, sectioning and staining character, as well as strength and stability to the electron beam and column vacuum. For physical comparisons, a volume (9 ml) of either resin or media was aspirated into a capillary viscocimeter oriented vertically. The material was then allowed to flow out freely under the influence of gravity and the flow time necessary for the volume to exit was recored (Col B,C; Tables). In addition, the volume flow rate (ml flowing/second; Col D, Tables) was measured. Viscosity (n) could then be determined by using the Hagen-Poiseville relation for laminar flow, n = c.p/Q, where c = a geometric constant from an instrument calibration with water, p = mass density, and Q = volume flow rate. Mass weight and density of the materials were determined as well (Col F,G; Tables). Infiltration schedules utilized were short (1/2 hr 1:1, 3 hrs full resin), intermediate (1/2 hr 1:1, 6 hrs full resin) , or long (1/2 hr 1:1, 6 hrs full resin) in total time. Polymerization schedules ranging from 15 hrs (overnight) through 24, 36, or 48 hrs were tested. Sections demonstrating gold interference colors were collected on unsupported 200- 300 mesh grids and stained sequentially with uranyl acetate and lead citrate.

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