Insight into pain-inducing and -related gene expression: a challenge for development of novel targeted therapeutic approaches

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioanna Vasileiou ◽  
Constantinos Giaginis ◽  
Chris Klonaris ◽  
Stamatios Theocharis
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Targeted Therapeutic

scholarly journals The i-Motif as a Molecular Target: More Than a Complementary DNA Secondary Structure

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Susie L. Brown ◽  
Samantha Kendrick
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Secondary Structure ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Molecular Target ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Promoter Regions ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
G Quadruplex ◽  
Dna Elements ◽  
Insight Into

Stretches of cytosine-rich DNA are capable of adopting a dynamic secondary structure, the i-motif. When within promoter regions, the i-motif has the potential to act as a molecular switch for controlling gene expression. However, i-motif structures in genomic areas of repetitive nucleotide sequences may play a role in facilitating or hindering expansion of these DNA elements. Despite research on the i-motif trailing behind the complementary G-quadruplex structure, recent discoveries including the identification of a specific i-motif antibody are pushing this field forward. This perspective reviews initial and current work characterizing the i-motif and providing insight into the biological function of this DNA structure, with a focus on how the i-motif can serve as a molecular target for developing new therapeutic approaches to modulate gene expression and extension of repetitive DNA.

Adiponectin Synthesis, Secretion and Extravasation from Circulation to Interstitial Space

Physiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone C. da Silva Rosa ◽  
Meilian Liu ◽  
Gary Sweeney
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Interstitial Space ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Adiponectin Gene ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Cellular Models ◽  
Regulatory Aspects ◽  
Critical Insight ◽  
Insight Into

Adiponectin, an adipokine that circulates as multiple multimeric complexes at high levels in serum, has antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antiatherogenic, and cardioprotective properties. Understanding the mechanisms regulating adiponectin’s physiological effects is likely to provide critical insight into the development of adiponectin-based therapeutics to treat various metabolic-related diseases. In this review, we summarize our current understanding on adiponectin action in its various target tissues and in cellular models. We also focus on recent advances in two particular regulatory aspects; namely, the regulation of adiponectin gene expression, multimerization, and secretion, as well as extravasation of circulating adiponectin to the interstitial space and its degradation. Finally, we discuss some potential therapeutic approaches using adiponectin as a target and the current challenges facing adiponectin-based therapeutic interventions.

Potential Epigenetic Targets for Combating Alzheimer’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dheeraj Pandey ◽  
Tiyas Pal ◽  
Abha Sharma ◽  
SJS Flora
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Epigenetic Modifications ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Impaired Memory ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract:: Memory remains an obligatory regime of human brain and impaired memory causes serious obstacles in our everyday life. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one such neurodegenerative disease which is mostly affects elderly population, above the age of 60; marked by cognitive impairment of memory. Besides the known targets of AD against the several etiologies known till date, the zone of epigenetics has recently evolved as an ingenious field in AD. Epigenetic modifications do not affect DNA sequence but only long-term gene expression. Considering the multifactorial complex nature of AD, we herein discuss the various epigenetic targets which might give rise to potential therapeutic approaches. We reviewed the possible epigenetic targets for AD like HDAC, Sirtuins, glial cells, miRNA and epigenetic modifications like DNA methylation. A deeper insight into these target areas can surely evolve AD diagnosis and therapeutics.

Nanoparticle-plasma Membrane Interactions: Thermodynamics, Toxicity and Cellular Response

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (20) ◽  
pp. 3330-3345
Author(s):  
Ana G. Rodríguez-Hernández ◽  
Rafael Vazquez-Duhalt ◽  
Alejandro Huerta-Saquero
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Membrane Interactions ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Cellular Physiology ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
First Contact ◽  
Insight Into

Nanomaterials have become part of our daily lives, particularly nanoparticles contained in food, water, cosmetics, additives and textiles. Nanoparticles interact with organisms at the cellular level. The cell membrane is the first protective barrier against the potential toxic effect of nanoparticles. This first contact, including the interaction between the cell membranes -and associated proteins- and the nanoparticles is critically reviewed here. Nanoparticles, depending on their toxicity, can cause cellular physiology alterations, such as a disruption in cell signaling or changes in gene expression and they can trigger immune responses and even apoptosis. Additionally, the fundamental thermodynamics behind the nanoparticle-membrane and nanoparticle-proteins-membrane interactions are discussed. The analysis is intended to increase our insight into the mechanisms involved in these interactions. Finally, consequences are reviewed and discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document