Multiple Polypoid Endometriosis-A Rare Complication Following Withdrawal of Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Agonist for Severe Endometriosis: A Case Report

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor H. Othman ◽  
M.S. Othman ◽  
A.N. Ismail ◽  
N.Z.N. Mohammad ◽  
Z. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Gnrh Agonist ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Polypoid Endometriosis

Suppression of pituitary-testis function in rats treated neonatally with a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist and antagonist: acute and long-term effects

1989 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-L. Kolho ◽  
I. Huhtaniemi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Gnrh Agonist ◽  
Gnrh Antagonist ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
Accessory Sex Organs ◽  
Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone

ABSTRACT The acute and long-term effects of pituitary-testis suppression with a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist, d-Ser(But)6des-Gly10-GnRH N-ethylamide (buserelin; 0·02, 0·1, 1·0 or 10 mg/kg body weight per day s.c.) or antagonist, N-Ac-d-Nal(2)1,d-p-Cl-Phe2,d-Trp3,d-hArg(Et2)6,d-Ala10-GnRH (RS 68439; 2 mg/kg body weight per day s.c.) were studied in male rats treated on days 1–15 of life. The animals were killed on day 16 (acute effects) or as adults (130–160 days; long-term effects). Acutely, the lowest dose of the agonist decreased pituitary FSH content and testicular LH receptors, but with increasing doses pituitary and serum LH concentrations, intratesticular testosterone content and weights of testes were also suppressed (P< 0·05–0·01). No decrease was found in serum FSH or in weights of accessory sex organs even with the highest dose of the agonist, the latter finding indicating continuing secretion of androgens. The GnRH antagonist treatment suppressed pituitary LH and FSH contents and serum LH (P< 0·05–0·01) but, as with the agonist, serum FSH remained unaltered. Testicular testosterone and testis weights were decreased (P <0·01) but testicular LH receptors remained unchanged. Moreover, the seminal vesicle and ventral prostate weights were reduced, in contrast to the effects of the agonists. Pituitary LH and FSH contents had recovered in all adult rats treated neonatally with agonist and there was no effect on serum LH and testosterone concentrations or on fertility. In contrast, in adult rats treated neonatally with antagonist, weights of testis and accessory sex organs remained decreased (P <0·01–0·05) but hormone secretion from the pituitary and testis had returned to normal except that serum FSH was increased by 80% (P <0·01). Interestingly, 90% of the antagonist-treated animals were infertile. It is concluded that treatment with a GnRH agonist during the neonatal period does not have a chronic effect on pituitary-gonadal function. In contrast, GnRH antagonist treatment neonatally permanently inhibits the development of the testis and accessory sex organs and results in infertility. Interestingly, despite the decline of pituitary FSH neonatally, neither of the GnRH analogues was able to suppress serum FSH values and this differs from the concomitant changes in LH and from the effects of similar treatments in adult rats. Journal of Endocrinology (1989) 123, 83–91

Effect of basal and pulsatile LH release on FSH-stimulated follicle growth in ewes chronically treated with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist

1991 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Picton ◽  
A. S. McNeilly
Keyword(s):  
Gnrh Agonist ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Follicle Growth ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Normal Number ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Normal Diameter ◽  
Lh Release ◽  
Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Follicular Response

ABSTRACT Ewes chronically treated with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist were used to investigate the importance of the peripheral concentration of LH in FSH-stimulated follicular development. Twenty-four Welsh Mountain ewes were treated with two agonist implants containing 3·3 mg buserelin. During week 6 of treatment all the ewes were given a 72-h continuous infusion of ovine FSH alone (3 μg/h) or FSH with large (7·5 μg)- or small (2·5 μg) amplitude pulses of ovine LH delivered at 4-hourly intervals. The importance of baseline LH throughout the FSH infusion was evaluated in six animals which were treated with a specific antiserum against bovine LH (LH-AS) 15–20 h before the start of FSH treatment. In the absence of LH-AS, infusion of FSH alone or with large or small pulses of LH stimulated the development of a normal number of small follicles (≤ 2·5 mm in diameter) and large follicles (> 2·5 mm in diameter). These follicles had normal diameter and steroid secretion compared with control ewes on day 8 of the luteal phase. In contrast, the animals pretreated with LH-AS developed no follicles > 2·0 mm in diameter but the number of small follicles per ewe was significantly (P < 0·05) increased. These results support the hypothesis that FSH in the absence of pulsatile LH release stimulates preovulatory follicular development in ewes treated with GnRH agonist. The follicular response to LH pulses of different amplitude is dependent on both the stage of development of the follicle and the peripheral concentration of FSH. The endogenous basal level of LH present throughout the FSH infusion is essential for FSH to induce follicle growth beyond > 2·5 mm in diameter. Journal of Endocrinology (1991) 128, 449–456

Effect of long-term inhibition of gonadotrophin secretion by the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist, buserelin, on sex steroid secretion and ovarian morphology in polycystic ovary syndrome

1990 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Macleod ◽  
M. J. Wheeler ◽  
P. Gordon ◽  
C. Lowy ◽  
P. H. Sönksen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Gnrh Agonist ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone

ABSTRACT In order to investigate the effect of long-term suppression of the gonadotrophin axis in polycystic ovary syndrome, eight affected subjects were given s.c. infusions of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist buserelin for 12 weeks. Hormone measurement and ultrasound studies were carried out weekly, from 6 weeks before to 12 weeks after administration of buserelin. An overnight dexamethasone-suppression test was carried out before and after treatment. Maximal suppression of LH to below the lower limit of that in normal subjects occurred after 6 weeks of treatment with buserelin. Plasma testosterone and androstenedione fell to normal levels during the infusion but reached pretreatment levels during the follow-up period. There was no effect of buserelin on plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate or sex hormone-binding globulin. Ovarian size decreased significantly during the infusion with the disappearance of cysts in six subjects. After cessation of buserelin therapy, there was rapid and spontaneous ovulation which occurred within 3 weeks in all subjects. The results suggest that treatment with this GnRH agonist facilitates ovulation in this condition. Journal of Endocrinology (1990) 125, 317–325

Effects of pituitary-gonadal suppression with a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist on fetal gonadotrophin secretion, fetal gonadal development and maternal steroid secretion in the sheep

1994 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
G B Thomas ◽  
A S McNeilly ◽  
F Gibson ◽  
A N Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Gnrh Agonist ◽  
Fetal Development ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Maternal Circulation ◽  
Biodegradable Implant ◽  
Steroid Secretion ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone

Abstract In order to investigate the regulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis during fetal development, sheep fetuses at day 70 of gestation were implanted subcutaneously with a biodegradable implant containing the longacting gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist, buserelin. The treatment of fetuses with a GnRH agonist throughout the last half of gestation (term=145 days) abolished the increase in plasma LH concentrations that was seen in 2-day-old control lambs in response to an injection of GnRH. This attenuated response was associated with corresponding reductions in the pituitary content of LH and FSH. Immunolocalization studies revealed that pituitary glands from newborn lambs implanted with a GnRH agonist during fetal development were devoid of immunopositive LH- and FSH-containing cells. At birth the testicular weights of GnRH agonist-treated ram lambs were significantly decreased by 40% when compared with controls. This was associated with a 45% reduction in the total number of Sertoli cells per testis. In newborn ewe lambs GnRH agonist treatment had no effect on ovarian weight or on the morphological appearance of the ovaries. GnRH agonist treatment had no effect on the plasma concentrations of progesterone and oestrone in the maternal circulation or on the length of gestation. These results show (1) that GnRH positively regulates the synthesis and secretion of gonadotrophins in the fetus, (2) that reduced fetal gonadotrophic support during the last half of gestation results in a reduction in testicular growth, and (3) that fetal gonadotrophins do not affect maternal steroid secretion. Journal of Endocrinology (1994) 141, 317–324

Long-term effects of a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist ([d-Ser(But)6]GnRH(1–9)nonapeptide-ethylamide) on gonadotrophin secretion from human pituitary gonadotroph cell adenomas in vitro

1988 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Daniels ◽  
P. Newland ◽  
J. Dunn ◽  
P. Kendall-Taylor ◽  
M. C. White
Keyword(s):  
Gnrh Agonist ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Α Subunit ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Gonadotrophin Secretion ◽  
Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone

ABSTRACT We have studied the effects of TRH and native gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH), and of a GnRH agonist (Buserelin; [d-Ser(But)6]GnRH(1–9) nonapeptide-ethylamide), on LH, FSH, α subunit and LH-β subunit secretion from three human gonadotrophin-secreting pituitary adenomas in dispersed cell culture. During a 24 h study, treatment with 276 nmol TRH/1 resulted in a significant (P < 0·05) stimulated release of FSH and α subunit from all three adenomas, and LH from the two adenomas secreting detectable concentrations of this glycoprotein; treatment with 85 nmol GnRH/l significantly (P < 0·05) stimulated the release of α subunit from all three, but FSH from only two and LH from only one adenoma. During a long-term 28-day study, basal FSH and α subunit concentrations were maintained, but secretion of LH, and LH-β (detectable from one tumour only), declined with time from two of the three adenomas. Addition of Buserelin to the cultures resulted in the continuous (P < 0·05) stimulation of α subunit secretion from all three adenomas, and of LH and FSH from two, whilst a transient stimulatory effect on LH and FSH secretion was seen from a third adenoma, with subsequent secretion rates declining towards control values. These data show that human gonadotrophin-secreting adenomas demonstrate variable stimulatory responses to hypothalamic TRH and GnRH, and that during chronic treatment with a GnRH agonist the anticipated desensitizing effect of the drug was not observed in two out of three adenomas studied. The mechanism for this is not clear, but such drugs are unlikely to be of therapeutic value in the management of gonadotrophin-secreting tumours. The data also suggest that GnRH and GnRH agonists have a differential effect on the in-vitro release of intact gonadotrophins and the common α subunit. J. Endocr. (1988) 118, 491–496

The binding of steroids to myometrium and leiomyomata (fibroids) in women treated with the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist Zoladex (ICI 118630)

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Lumsden ◽  
C. P. West ◽  
R. A. Hawkins ◽  
T. A. Bramley ◽  
L. Rumgay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Gnrh Agonist ◽  
Receptor Occupancy ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Uterine Leiomyomata ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Fibroid Growth

ABSTRACT Since uterine leiomyomata (fibroids) are not found in conditions where oestradiol is either absent or present only in low concentrations, oestradiol is considered to be an important factor in the control of fibroid growth. To investigate whether this is due to a direct effect on the tissue, oestradiol and progestogen receptors were measured in tissue removed at hysterectomy from 12 normally cycling women and 13 women who had received the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist Zoladex (ICI 118630) as a subcutaneous depot given at monthly intervals for 3 months preoperatively and a third group of three women who had received the antioestrogen tamoxifen (20 mg daily) for 3 months before surgery. Both unoccupied oestradiol receptors (measured by separating bound from free hormone with dextran-coated charcoal; DCC) and 'total' receptor populations (as measured by an enzyme immunoassay) were measured in each fibroid and adjoining myometrium. There was significantly more binding of both oestradiol and progestogen to fibroid than to myometrium in both the control (P <0·01) and agonist-treated groups (P <0·05). Oestradiol binding to fibroids in women treated with Zoladex exceeded that in the normally cycling women (P <0·05) which in turn exceeded that in the tamoxifen-treated group (P <0·05). However, the binding of progestogen, measured by DCC showed the reverse trend. These results may be explained by the low circulating oestradiol concentration in the GnRH agonist-treated women leading to low receptor occupancy. Journal of Endocrinology (1989) 121, 389–396

scholarly journals Effects of a long-acting gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist (Leuprolide) on ovarian follicular development in prepubertal heifer calves

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. O. Evans ◽  
N. C. Rawlings
Keyword(s):  
Gnrh Agonist ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Follicular Growth ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Gonadotrophin Secretion ◽  
Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Ovarian Follicular Development ◽  
Ovarian Follicular Growth

We studied the effects of reducing gonadotrophin secretion on ovarian follicular development in young prepubertal heifer calves. Calves received a GnRH agonist (n = 5, 15 mg of Leuprolide acetate, i.m.) or carrier (n = 5) at 8 and 12 w of age. Starting at 8 and 34 w of age, ovarian follicles were monitored daily for 17 d, and at 10, 15, 25 and 35 w of age, blood samples were collected every 15 min for 12 h for measurement of serum concentration of LH and FSH. GnRH agonist treatment did not affect the age and body weight at puberty (P > 0.05). Agonist treatment suppressed follicle numbers and in two heifers follicle emergence (growth above 4–5 mm) was blocked immediately. In three agonist-treated heifers, follicle emergence was blocked after one extended wave of follicular growth. At 34 w of age the pattern of ovarian follicular growth did not differ between groups but oestradiol secretion was lower in agonist-treated heifers. During agonist treatment basal and mean concentrations of FSH, and LH and FSH pulse amplitude were decreased but basal LH concentrations increased (P < 0.05). At 25 and 35 w of age some rebound in gonadotrophin secretion was seen.We concluded that disrupting gonadotrophin secretion in young prepubertal heifer calves by GnRH agonist treatment, suppressed ovarian follicular growth but that a rebound in gonadotrophin secretion prevented long term-effects on sexual development. Key words: Follicle stimulating hormone, gonadotrophin-releasing hormone, heifer calves, luteinising hormone ovarian follicles

Pituitary expression of LHβ- and FSHβ-subunit mRNA, cellular distribution of LHβ-subunit mRNA and LH and FSH synthesis during and after treatment with a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist in heifers

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Aspden ◽  
A. Jackson ◽  
T. E. Trigg ◽  
M. J. D'Occhio
Keyword(s):  
Gnrh Agonist ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Subunit Mrna ◽  
Discontinuation Of Treatment ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Female Cattle ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Group 1

The aim was to examine transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of LH and FSH biosynthesis. Female cattle were allocated to three groups: (i) Group 1, control (n = 6), synchronized to be at around Day 11 of the oestrous cycle on Day 31; (ii) Group 2 (n = 6), treated with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist (deslorelin) for 31 days; and (iii) Group 3 (n = 6), treated with deslorelin for 28 days. All animals were slaughtered on Day 31. For animals in Group 2, pituitary content of LHβ-subunit mRNA was suppressed 60% (P < 0.001) and LH 95% (P < 0.001), whereas FSHβ-subunit mRNA was suppressed 25% (P > 0.05) and FSH 90% (P < 0.001). Three days after treatment with deslorelin (Group 3) LHβ-subunit mRNA and LH remained suppressed (50% and 95%, respectively; P < 0.001). At the same time, FSHβ-subunit mRNA did not differ from controls (P > 0.05) whereas FSH remained reduced by 80% (P < 0.001). The ratio of LHβ-subunit mRNA present in the nucleus versus cytoplasm of gonadotroph cells was reduced (P < 0.05) in heifers during treatment with deslorelin (0.59 ± 0.05) compared with the ratio in control heifers (1.31 ± 0.22) and heifers 3 days after discontinuation of treatment (1.01 ± 0.05). The findings indicated that treatment with GnRH agonist can suppress LHβ-subunit mRNA expression without any significant effect on FSHβ-subunit mRNA. As LH and FSH contents were suppressed to a greater degree than their β-subunit mRNAs, it would appear that treatment with a GnRH agonist might influence gonadotrophin biosynthesis by a post-transcriptional mechanism(s). For LHβ-subunit mRNA, this would appear not to be reduced export of message from the nucleus.

A gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist inhibits GnRH- but not LH-induced meiosis in follicle-enclosed rat oocytes in vitro

1982 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ekholm ◽  
T. Hillensjö ◽  
W. J. Le Maire ◽  
C. Magnusson ◽  
C. S. Sheela Rani
Keyword(s):  
Gnrh Agonist ◽  
Gnrh Antagonist ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Lactate Accumulation ◽  
Receptor Sites ◽  
Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Stimulation Of

Abstract. Previous studies have shown that gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) can induce resumption of meiosis in follicle-enclosed rat oocytes. In the present study a GnRH antagonistic analogue ([d-pGlul, d-Phe2,-d-Trp3,6]LRF) was found to effectively abolish the stimulatory effect of a GnRH agonist upon resumption of meiosis and lactate accumulation in isolated pre-ovulatory rat follicles but the have no effect on LH stimulation of these parameters. It is concluded that although LH and GnRH can evoke a similar response they act through separate receptor sites and that it is unlikely that GnRH mediates the effect of LH on meiosis or glycolysis.

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